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LINCOLN. 


This portrait of Abraham Lincoln was drawn 
by the author in one single, continuous line from 
centre to circumference, and is considered unique 
among the rare engravings of the world. It is 
after the manner of the “Head of Christ” engraved 
in 1649, by Claude Melan, and which at the time 
was deemed inimitable. 


















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thrcapital 

BY 

^TOM FLEMING^ 

CARTOON I ST 

Author of Aroua\ the Capital . Around the Pan,Etc. 


A Book about the 
City of Washington 
and the Public Men 
therof 



Capital cartoon syndicate 
MCMXI1I 











COPYRIGHT, 

1913, 


BY THE 

CAPITAL CARTOON SYNDICATE. 
(incorporated) 

All Rights Reserved. 



DEC 27 1913 



©CI.A3G2072 

/* 


L- 


d» 


THIS WORK IS INTENDED TO 
SUPPLY AN UNCONVENTIONAL PAGE 
IN THE HISTORY OF THE NATIONAL 
CAPITAL AS IT EXISTS IN THIS DAY 
—A RECORD OF MEN AND EVENTS 
FROM A NEW ANGLE—A SIDE-LIGHT 
WHICH MAY, PERHAPS, HELP TO 
DISCLOSE A PHASE OF LIFE OTHER 
THAN THAT DEPICTED IN SOMBRE, 
DRAB, AND UNEMOTIONAL HISTORY. 


5 



•• CQN^l^NTS** 


CHAPTER I. face 

Fair Washington. 13 

CHAPTER II. 

The Portal of the City... 21 

CHAPTER III. 

The Life of the Streets. 29 

CHAPTER IV. 

The Senate. 64 

CHAPTER V. 

Side Lights on Congress. 78 

CHAPTER VI. 

Legislative Burlesque. 91 

CHAPTER VII. 

'The President. 101 

CHAPTER VIII. 

The White House. 112 

CHAPTER IX. 

'The Man in the White House. 121 

CHAPTER X. 

The Capitol. 129 

CHAPTER XI. 

The Dome. 142 

CHAPTER XII. 

The Capitol Guide. 151 

CHAPTER XIII. 

A Washington Street Car. 156 

CHAPTER XIV. 

' President Wilson’s Cabinet. 162 

CHAPTER XV. 

The New Congressman. 168 

CHAPTER XVI. 

The Congressional Press Gallery. 178 

CHAPTER XVII. 

Inauguration Day. 189 

CHAPTER XVIII. 

A Ramble Among the Hotels. 202 

CHAPTER XIX. 

The Supreme Court... 216 


6 





















• • CON^n^NX^ • • 

CHAPTER XX. 

The Library of Congress. 229 

CHAPTER XXL 

The New National Museum. • . 240 

CHAPTER XXII. 

'''Washington Society. 249 

CHAPTER XXIII. 

The Treasury... 257 

CHAPTER XXIV. 

Engraving and Printing Money. 265 

CHAPTER XXV. 

Mail Matter... 274 

CHAPTER XXVI. 

Invention’s Home. 285 

CHAPTER XXVII. 

The Statues. 298 

CHAPTER XXVIII. 

/The Moving Picturers. 309 

CHAPTER XXIX. 

Washington Monument. 318 

CHAPTER XXX. 

On Market Day. 329 

CHAPTER XXXI. 

Pennsylvania Avenue. 339 

CHAPTER XXXII. 

State, War and Navy. 356 

CHAPTER XXXIII. 

Uncle Sam’s Print Shop. 368 

CHAPTER XXXIV. 

The Lincoln Memorial. 377 

CHAPTER XXXV. 

The Pension Bureau. 387 

CHAPTER XXXVI. 

The Agricultural Department. 392 

CHAPTER XXXVII. 

A Capital Planned to Order. 398 


7 





















Page. 


Abraham Lincoln . 2 

The Gauge of Washington. 12 

Under the Dome... 17 

Chesterfield—J. P. Tumulty. 25 


Ad Valorum Oscar—Rep. Underwood.. 32 
Cicero of Chatauqua—W. J. Bryan.... 38 

The Modeler—Sen. O’Gorman. 45 

A Discus Thrower—Sen. Kern.62 

Warwick—Wm. P. McCombs. 57 

Beau Brummel—Sen. Lewis. 64 

Mars—Secretary Garrison . 70 

Senatorial Flowers.... 76 

Gum Shoe Bill—Sen. Stone...... 83 

The Prestldlgtateur—Sen. Root. 90 

Atlas—Sen. Pomerene..*.... 97 

Mephisto—W. R. Hearst.103 

Orpheus—Sen. Newlands . 109 

Horatlus—Sen. Cummins .116 

Ye School Master—Woodrow Wilson..122 

Sisyphus—Rep. A. M. Palmer.126 

Peace—Sen. Burton ‘ ..... 132 


Page. 


A Latter Day Saint—Sen. Smoot.137 

School-mates—Senators McCumber and 
Sterling .144 

Armed Liberty .148 

The Illinois Puncher—Rep. Rainey_154 

Samson—Sen. Vardaman.„.167 

Colossus of Roads—Sec. McAdoo.163 

Neptune—Sec. Daniels .166 

Chef of the Interior—Sec. Lane.170 

His Model—Rep. Asbury Lever.175 

King Cotton Tom—Rep. Heflin.182 

Ye Valiant Leader—Rep. Mann.186 

Field Marshall—Vice Pres. Marshall. . .196 

Macbeth—Sen. Works ..200 

Penn-Rose—Sen. Penrose ....205 

The Old Salt—Sen. Alden Smith.209 

A German Diplomat.213 

White Mountain—Justice White.217 

Lord Bacon—Sen. Bacon.220 

Uncle Sam’s Eagle—McReynolds..223 

Hoke—Sen. Hoke Smith.227 


8 







































Page. 


Gardener-Gardner —Rep. Gardner .232 

Throwing Away Money —A. Carnegie. .237 

Labor's Piper —Sec. Wilson.244 

Champion for Women —Sen. Thompson 250 

Kentucky's Son —Sen. Bradley.255 

The Censor —Rep. Fitzgerald.260 

Stonewall Jackson —Sen. Jackson.266 

War Dog Catcher —Rep. Bartholdt-275 

An Artist —Sen. Kenyon.277 

Pelican's Gift —Rep. Broussard.286 

Demosthenes, Jr. —D. F. Malone.291 

Hamlet —Rep. Payne .295 

The Miner —Sen. Pittman.300 

Diogenes —Sen. La Follette.305 

Tying Up Treaty —Ben. Chamberlain.. .310 

The Blind Senator —Sen. Gore. 315 

Kurrency Kids —Sen. Owen-C. Glass..320 


Senatorial Guardsman—Sen. Simmons.323 


A Fisherman—Rep. Hull.326 

Mercury-^-Sec. Redfleld.330 

Casey at the Bat—Rep. Murdock...... 332 


Page. 


Cowboy Senator—Sen. Ashurst.335 

Boy Senator—Sen. Lea.337 

% 

Pipe of Peace—British Ambassador... .340 

The Cartoonist—Sen. Tillman.344 

Miz-Zou-ra—Champ Clark .347 

Pilgrim Father—Sen. Lodge......349 

Disciple of Jefferson—Sen. Williams.. .351 

War Toy—Rep. Hobson......354 

Keeping Name Bright—F. D. Roosevelt.358 

Leap Frog—Major Gen. Wood.361 

Lord Delaware—Sen. Saulsbury.363 

Ye Investigator—Sen. Clapp.365 

Mark Anthony—Sen. Reed.369 

Lochinvar—Sen. Borah .371 

A First Fiddle—Sen. Hughes...373 

Mexican Pie—Sen. Fall.375 

Man from Montana—Sen. Walsh.378 

Calugula—Sen. Hitchcock.380 

Goliath and David—Senators James 
and Nelson ...382 

Uncle Sam's Farmer—Sec. Houston.. .393 


9 


































The city of Washington today is vastly different 
from the Washington of our Daddies. ® And most prob¬ 
ably the Capital of tomorrow will be as widely different 
from that of today. ® Every epoch is more or less replete 
with peculiar personalities and characteristics which are 
lost when prosaic history comes to be written , and for¬ 
tunate indeed is the age possessing satirists and carica¬ 
turists skilful enough to seize upon and perpetuate these 
individual idiosyncracies for the enlightenment of future 
discerning posterities. ® The value of caricature as a 
means of accentuating personal peculiarities is well 
known. ® What a value today would be set upon a cari¬ 
cature of the great Shakespeare by some contemporary 
artist of his period; and who would not value a Julius 
Caesar caricature drawn with the grotesque pencil of 
some skilful artist of his time who had the opportunity of 
viewing the great Roman as he haughtily strode through 
the corridors of the Forum in ancient Rome f ® It is an 


10 



undeniable fact that we know our public men best by the 
caricatures made of them. Roosevelt's teeth and eye¬ 
glasses will probably never be forgotten. Woodrow 
Wilson's handsome-homely face in repose is far from 
unattractive, but when the caricaturist shows the genial 
smile and the keen, alert eye of the (c School-master in 
politics'' then the face takes on an attractiveness some¬ 
what similar in tone to that possessed by the kindly, 
melancholy and thoughtful visage of Abraham Lincoln. 
0 The best caricature is the one which accentuates the 
better qualities of a personality, and when this is done 
successfully the result is far more effective than any 
abusive distortion could possibly be. ® If this volume, 
written as it is, in not too serious a vein and illustrated 
with caricatures drawn with no unfriendly hand, will 
partly accomplish for this epoch that which one might 
wish had been done for bygone days, then this book will 
achieve the purpose for which it is intended. 






THE GAUGE OF WASHINGTON. 


In no land, at no time, ancient or modern, was 
there ever a man that stood so high in the estima¬ 
tion of his fellow-men as the noble patriot who is 
affectionately styled the “Father of his Country.” 
As one contemplates the majestic monument; 
lofty, upright and true in lines which point up¬ 
ward to heaven, the similitude to the character of 
the great man it is designed to honor, at once 
becomes strikingly apparent. It is singularly 
appropriate that the highest monument in the 
country should be erected to its greatest man. 



CHAPTER I. 


FAIR WASHINGTON. 

HE finest tribute ever paid to any 
man was that which was rendered to 
George Washington when a grateful 
country named its beautiful Capital 
in his honor—a very pleasing excep¬ 
tion to the rule which declares that Republics 
are ungrateful. 

The National Capital is unquestionably des¬ 
tined to become a most beautiful and important 
city—a veritable queen among the many fine 
cities of the nation. With all the hauteur and 
grace of a queen, she is correspondingly arbi¬ 
trary and contradictory, inasmuch as her social 
leaders are exclusive and reserved, while her 
greatest social light, the President, is most 
democratic. 

In the matter of adornment she appears 
somewhat lax and inconsistent. She has some 
of the worst specimens of statuary in the 
country—and some of the best. 

With the incoming of a new administration, 
it is characteristic of her to change her mood 





Hen. Lee S. Overman 
U. S. Senator, N. C. 


13 






THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Fred. E. Lewis 
Rep. Pennsylvania 



Rep. 25th DIs., Penn. 



to suit—today a smile for the present incum¬ 
bency—tomorrow a kiss for its successor. 

The glory of Washington seems to pervade 
the very air you breathe. It inspires all who 
walk its streets. It inspires the visitor. It in¬ 
spires the women. Their manner, their car¬ 
riage shows plainly a consciousness of superi- 
orty. They know a little better how to do 
justice to a fine city than the women of any 
other capital. There may be something in the 
thought that the humblest woman in the land 
may be the mother of a President, in this great 
land of opportunity—or the wife of one. 

It is often a great shock to the new member 
of Congress, upon his arrival at the Capital to 
learn of his comparative unimportance. Way 
back home he was some pumpkins, but the first 
time he essays to sign his name to the Hotel 
Register and notes the autographs of Senators, 
Generals, * Admirals and Plenipotentiaries 
scrawled all over the page, it is calculated to 
somewhat submerge his ego. 

No city can show a sight so exhilarating as 
that shown in the hotel lobbies after night-fall. 


14 



FAIR WASHINGTON. 


Groups of Congressmen discussing legislation; 
individual members conferring with constitu¬ 
ents ; department heads chatting with subordi¬ 
nates, and above the hum of conversation, the 
dreamy music from the stringed orchestra lends 
an air of enchantment to the scene not soon to 
be forgotten. But there is another aspect to all 
this; another phase not so exhilarating to the 
“Lame Duck” who has met defeat at home. As 
he surveys the scene his heart is heavy with the 
reflection that his term has only a few more 
weeks to run, and the place he has grown enam¬ 
ored of, must be yielded up to his successful 
rival. So far as he is concerned, the orchestra 
is playing the dreariest dead-march. 

The colored race is ubiquitous at the Capital. 
Colored porters, waiters, barbers, newsboys, 
letter-carriers, etc., seem to be everywhere. It 
is quite amusing to note the way in which the 
colored man is designated by visitors from dif¬ 
ferent sections. The New Yorker calls him a 
“coon.” The Chicagoan refers to him as a 
“Darkey.” The Philadelphian alludes to him 
as a “Black Man.” The New Englander knows 


15 




THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Ben Johnson 
Rep. 4th DIs., Ky. 



him as a "Negro/'while the Southron addresses 
him as "Nigger." Nevertheless, the African is 
a pleasant and agreeable feature of life if you 
understand his nature. With his optimistic 
disposition, his humility and general air of 
cheerfulness, he would be sadly missed should 
he ever be eliminated, for he belongs to the 
Capital just as much as a pinch of salt belongs 
to a boiled egg. 

The Gregorian Calendar is passe in Wash¬ 
ington. With the initiated, the mystic letters 
A. D. have a new meaning. Anno Domini has 
been superceded by what is known as Admin¬ 
istration Date. For example, A. D. 1861,, 
means Lincoln Administration; A. D., 1913, 
Wilson's. If you were on sufficiently intimate 
terms with an average society belle to inquire 
into her marital affairs, she would most prob¬ 
ably answer your queries as follows: Married 
in Taft's administration; divorced in Wilson's. 

This is a progressive age. We have trained 
an administration period to act like an epoch. 
We have crowded more action into a single 
Presidential term than our precedent-shackled 

16 






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. 






. 



UNDER THE DOME. 


The most looked-up-to place in Washington is 
the Dome in the Capitol. Here you will find the 
true rubber-neck. None other could view with 
any degree of comfort, the historical paintings 
and allegorical puzzles which adorn the interior, 
away aloft. These masterpieces can better be 
contemplated from the tiled floor beneath than 
from the gallery directly surrounding them; as 
distance—in this instance—lends enchantment to 
the view;—the greater the distance the greater 
the enchantment. The real beauty in the Dome 
lies in its magnificent architecture; in its sym¬ 
metrical proportions and beautiful design. In this 
respect it is without an equal in the world. 







































THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Edwin Chick Burleigh 
U. S. Senator, Maine 



ancestry could jam into a decade. The Age of 
Miracles has come! See the effect of our new 
birth of freedom! We have compelled Niagara 
Falls to work for an existence. The dream of 
Darius Green in his flying machine has been 
realized into an actuality by the modern aviator. 
We cross the Atlantic in five days instead of 
five months. Shakespeare's girdle of the earth 
will shortly be an everyday “wireless" perform¬ 
ance. We record history with phonographs 
illustrated with moving and talking photo¬ 
graphs. Minute microbes which cause plague 
and pestilence are dragged out into the light 
by the microscope and annihilated. Monster 
telescopes enable us to look into the back-yards 
of the inhabitants of Mars. We've discovered 
the North and South Poles and in doing so 
added the name “Cook" to the immortal galaxy 
of Munchausen. Now try to think of some¬ 
thing we can’t accomplish, and before the 
thought has had time to take definite shape, 
some genius will happen along and announce 
its accomplishment. 

A pessimistic writer in the Atlantic Monthly 

18 



FAIR WASHINGTON. 

once said: “Washington is the Elysium of 
oddities, the Limbo of absurdities, an imbroglio 
of ludicrous anomalies. Planned on a scale of 
surpassing grandeur, its architectural execu¬ 
tion is almost contemptible. It has a monument 
that will never be finished, a Capitol that lacks 
a dome, and a Scientific Institute which does 
nothing but report the rise and fall of the ther¬ 
mometer.” 

This was written in 1858. What can be writ¬ 
ten today ? The Monument has been completed 
and the beautiful shaft is the most imposing 
memorial ever erected to the memory of any 
man, at any time, and in any country. The 
Scientific Institute has grown to be one of the 
greatest of its kind. The Capitol has its Dome, 
surmounted by the figure of Liberty, which 
beautifully symbolizes the loftiest attainments 
of mankind. And the plan of “surpassing 
grandeur” has already been realized to an 
extent far in excess of the conceptions of its 
designers. 

To make Washington a model city is now 
the dream of the patriotically inclined. The 




Hon. Joshua W. Alexander 
Rep. 3rd DIs., Mo. 


19 








THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Dick Morgan 
Rap. 2nd DIs., Oklahoma 



national capital offers a field for the employ¬ 
ment of scientific methods of city government, 
unlike that of any other in this country. Many 
plans have been submitted to the city which are 
especially suitable to the District of Columbia. 
Washingon is not a self-governing community. 
Its taxpayers and other residents have little or 
nothing to say about the administration of the 
city’s affairs. The most beautiful plans; the 
most beneficial laws and the most exalted civic 
features that the counsels of perfection may 
suggest can be inaugurated without the hind¬ 
rance of grafting politicians who so often re¬ 
tard the progress of other cities. This should 
eventually make her the queen of cities—the 
model for all. 

In her relation to the other cities of the Re¬ 
public, her position is unique. Kansas City 
may be envious of St. Louis or Chicago; Chi¬ 
cago, Philadelphia or Boston may be jealous of 
New York, and the big metropolitan city may 
look with lofty disdain on all other cities; bu 
it may safely be said that there is not a munici¬ 
pality within Uncle Sam’s domain which does 


20 




FAIR WASHINGTON. 


not entertain the kindliest feeling toward the 
beautiful Capital city of the nation and heartily 
wish it god-speed toward that goal which it is 
sure to reach in time—the fairest daughter of 
all of Columbia’s family of fair cities. 






















CHAPTER II 

THE PORTAL OF THE CITY. 

N oiden times the only entrance to 
the cities was by way of massive 
gateways pierced through the pro¬ 
tecting walls that encompassed them. 
The armored knight surrounded by 
his cohorts, here stood guard to defend the city 
against invading foes, to admit the peaceful 
traveler, or to inspect the merchandise of the 
visiting merchant from whom he exacted a 
tariff tax for the benefit of his lord, the Feudal 
baron who ruled the city. 

We have a somewhat similar system in vogue 
in this Twentieth century. Our cities are en¬ 
tered through magnificent gateways, termed 
Terminals. They are guarded by handsomely 
uniformed men who inspect all incoming trav¬ 
elers to ascertain if possible, if they have any¬ 
thing left after escaping the clutches of the 
Pullman porters. 











THE PORTAL OF THE CITY. 

In periods of great excitement and confus¬ 
ion, like Inauguration time, these Knights of 
the Terminal secure great quantities of tribute 
from travelers, which swell the coffers of their 
lords, the Feudal barons who own the Rail¬ 
roads. 

Exceedingly profitable is this business of car¬ 
rying the multitudes to Washington. So profit¬ 
able, in fact, that the two companies that 
monopolize the business put their heads to¬ 
gether and induced Uncle Sam to join them in 
erecting the magnificent Union Station near 
the Capitol. 

This great terminal is truly of magnificent 
proportions, being seven hundred and sixty feet 
long by three hundred and forty feet wide, and 
was designed by Daniel H. Burnham ,who was 
the architect of Chicago’s World’s Fair. The 
inspiration for this great structure is said to 
have come from his contemplation of the ma¬ 
jestic proportions of Trojan’s Arch in Rome. 

The passenger concourse is the largest room 
in the world under one roof. Fifty thousand 
passengers could find room to stand on its floor. 



Hon. Arthur 0. Rupley 
Rep. Pennsylvania 



Hon. William J. Fields 
Rep. 9th DIs., Ky. 


23 




THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Frank O. Smith 
Rep. 5th Dist., Md. 



Samuel Rea 
Pres. Pa. Railroad 


There is an overpowering sense of bigness in 
this concourse when it is first entered and a 
powerful opera glass is needed to discern the 
features of a friend or acquaintance standing 
at an opposite end, so great is the distance. 

The architecture of this modern Terminal 
was designed to harmonize with that of the 
public buildings in the Capital. With this end 
in view, a commission of distinguished archi¬ 
tects and artists was appointed by the govern¬ 
ment to visit European cities to examine 
Terminal buildings. When the plans of Major 
L’Enfant (the French engineer who planned 
the city of Washington), were consulted, it was 
decided to conform to them in the matter of 
location. 

The Pennsylvania Railroad was requested to 
abandon its station and tracks’across the Mall 
and the Union Terminal for the use of all the 
lines entering the city, was built facing the 
plaza which is also faced by the Capitol. 

The building and north approach cost thir¬ 
teen million dollars, quite a tidy sum when we 
consider what was considered adequate a few 


24 




JOSEPH PATRICK TUMULTY. 

Like oil upon troubled waters is Tumulty in 
the tumultuous atmosphere that surrounds the 
President. Suave, tactful, and diplomatic;, with 
all the graces of a courtier, he is the Chesterfield 
of the White House. President Wilson’s private 
secretary can say “Yes” or “No” with equal grace. 
When the dazzling smile of the Emerald Isle is 
turned on the jobseeker by the urbane Tumulty, 
he is more pleased than if he had seen the 
President himself. Joe’s motto is—“Smile, ye 
divil, smile!” 





s 

















THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Carl E. Mapes 
Rep. 6th DIs., Mich. 



years ago. Whether one prefers the artistic to 
the utilitarian is a matter of taste. The econo¬ 
mist condemns the magnificence on account of 
cost. The artist approves the outlay on the 
ground that they improve the taste of the mil¬ 
lions who use them. 

Special accommodations for royalty are com¬ 
mon in European terminals. The President of 
the United States is honored in the Union Sta¬ 
tion by the allottment of a “state suite,” includ¬ 
ing his special room for the use of himself, 
foreign diplomats, and other high officials, so 
that they can make entrances and exits without 
coming in contact with snap-shot photog¬ 
raphers and the like. No other terminal in 
America is similarly equipped. 

President Wilson was standing in the 
terminal with a party of friends one day, when 
one of the party facetiously remarked that “It 
was a fine train-shed!” 

“Yes, it is,” retorted the scholar President, 
with a twinkle in his eye, “but if I was the archi¬ 
tect and anyone called it a train 'shed/ there’d 
be blood-shed.” 


26 


THE PORTAL OF THE CITY. 

The Union Station is the only one ever de¬ 
signed to meet the requirements of a quad- 
rennal crowd. It's daily business is far below 
its capacity, but at Inauguration tirr^e ft is 
taxed to its full limit. 

It is a most exhilarating sight to see these 
great masses of people ebb and flow through 
this great structure. In no other like place will 
you find so many eminent men; men whose 
faces have been made familiar through the 
newspapers and periodicals of the day. 

As you emerge from the great terminal you 
begin to realize how grand was the Capital plan 
conceived by the young French engineer who 
formulated it at Washington’s behest. Directly 
in front is the beautiful white marble monument 
erected to Christopher Columbus by the 
Knights of Columbus. Here the majestic 
figure of the Genoaese navigator seems to 
stand in silent contemplation of the magnifi¬ 
cent outcome of the little expedition of dis¬ 
covery which sailed from Palos in 1492. 

Within the line of vision can be discerned 
the majestic group of public buildings domin- 



Hon. John J. Casey 
Rep. 11th DIs., Penn. 



Hon. Warren Worth Bailey 
Rep. 19th Die., Penn. 


27 


THE CAPITAL. 



ited by the stately Capitol building, while far 
n the distance looms the sky-piercing shaft of 
he Washington monument overtowering all 
he public structures at the Capital, like some 
luge prophetic finger pointing upward, as an 
ncentive to the young republic to achieve the 
ligh purpose of its founder. 





CHAPTER III 



THE LIFE OF THE STREETS. 


F you wish to know a city intimately, 
walk its streets. “Let us walk 
abroad in the fields and forests and 
study nature/’ urged a poet to Ben 
Johnson. “Rather, let us walk along 
Fleet street and study human nature/’ replied 
the sturdy old philosopher and poet. 

The National Capital is always thronged 
with visitors from every clime. Foreign am¬ 
bassadors, European travellers, emissaries 
from Asiatic countries, Indian tribes, American 
sight-seers, Bridal tourists and the like make 
its streets of kaleidoscopic variety, just the sort 
to have enchanted the pen of Rare old Ben 
Johnson. 

In no other city will you see so many vener¬ 
able gray-heads as will be encountered in a sur¬ 
vey of its great thoroughfares.. It is easily 
explained however. Young men for action, old 
men for counsel. The big commercial cities 
attract the young, the governing city demands 
the grave and reverend. An additional reason 



Hon. Stephen M. Sparkman 
Rep. 1st Dis., Florida 



Hon. Lincoln Dixon 
Rep. 14th Dls., Mich. 



29 





THE CAPITAL. 




for this apparent preponderance of the elderly 
might be found in the maxim of the office¬ 
holder. “Few die; none resign.” 

At many of the street corners are to be 
found large boxes painted a bright red with the 
lettering TRASH BOX in bright white letters. 
These receptacles for street litter resemble 
large mail boxes in shape to such an extent 
that a tipsy congressman one evening dumped 
an armful of franked speeches into one of them 
—a somewhat significant working of the laws 
of affinities. 

Apparently there is little virtue in the old, 
the time-honored or the venerable. The old 
hotels and theatres are strangely called “new.” 
The “New” Willard, “New” National, “New” 
Ebbett are a few of the “new-old”; while the 
old National theatre is conspicuosly signed as 
“New” National Theatre. How we hate to 
grow old. 

It is not easy for the visiting stranger to get 
away from Pennsylvania avenue. Its reminis- 


30 







THE LIFE OF THE STREETS. 


cences hold him fast, although it looks woefully 
run down at the heel at the present time. 
One by one the fine establishments that 
once graced this historic thoroughfare 
are deserting to more aristocratic avenues. As 
you leave the Capitol grounds you will en¬ 
counter nothing but cheap restaurants, dingy 
souvenir stores, second-hand book-shops and 
Chinese laundries. A conspicuous sign to be 
seen in front of an eating place reads: 

OUR 3 CENT COFFEE IS THE 
TALK OF THE TOWN. 

This is evidently the truth—scandalous talk. 

A little farther on, a barber shop announces 
a cut-rate shave, which might be taken to imply 
that a rate is made after the cut. 

As you progress farther up the avenue you 
will find that its character improves to such an 
extent that a cup of coffee in the fine hotels will 
cost you a quarter, and the tonsorial parlors 
will have no cut rates to offer. 

A conspicuous phase of street life at the 
Capital is the constant recurrence of well 
known men whose faces have been made fa- 




31 


I 



















/\0 VALORVM 

• OSCAR- 







































OSCAR W. UNDERWOOD. 


The Tariff has long been a vexed question. But 
there is an answer to every question. Underwood 
found one for the Tariff question in his little 
Bill. Having gone to the head of his class, he 
naturally looked for promotion. Gazing through 
the long corridor in the Capitol which leads from 
the House to the Senate, he spied the vacant 
Alabama seat. “ ‘Tis mine!” he cried—and it was. 
He has a motto which runs—“Senatorships should 
be on the Free List.” 


. 

& *b scf 














FAIR WASHINGTON. 


miliar through the medium of public prints. 
This leads to a general custom of addressing 
everyone by some distinctive title. Don't be 
surprised when your barber calls you “con¬ 
gressman"—he's only looking for an extra tip. 

A lady shopping on F Street N. W. happened 
in a millinery establishment in quest of some 
millinery. The proprietor blandly proffered 
the information that a certain very expensive 
hat he offered for her inspection was the very 
style needed at a White House reception. So 
pleased was she at being taken for one of the 
exalted set that she purchased a $50.00 millin¬ 
ery creation instead of the $10 hat she had 
come to buy. 

A large proportion of the population of 
of Washington are Southern bred. This is 
clearly evidenced in the universal courtesy to 
be met with in street cars, hotel lobbies and 
other places of congregation. No lady will be 
permitted to stand in a trolley car if a Southern 
gentleman occupies a seat, and courtesy is the 
rule rather than the exception if the Southron 


33 


THE CAPITAL. 



occupies an official position which comes in 
contact with the impatient public. 

It would be difficult to find more beautiful 
types of womanhood than the Southern beauties 
so often encountered in the social gatherings, 
both public and private, which abound in the 
Capital throughout the season. The superior 
chivalry of the South can possibly be accounted 
for when we- look into the beautiful eyes of 
these fair daughters from Dixie. 

The persistence of the Washington monu¬ 
ment in obtruding itself upon the visitor is re¬ 
markable. Apparently every time you turn a 
st^s corner the giant monumental pile looms up 
before you. Were there not so many other dis¬ 
tinguishing monuments, this alone might serve 
to give distinction to the city, like the Campa¬ 
nile, at Venice, or the leaning tower, at Pisa. 

As you ride on the trolley cars you notice that 
there are no overhead trolley-wires. All are 
underground, as are also the telegraph, tele¬ 
phone and other wires necessary in electrical 
transmission. This is equally true of the po¬ 
litical wires—they, too, are perfectly invisible 


34 


FAIR WASHINGTON. 


Moving picture shows are much in evidence 
along the avenues. A group of Sioux Indians 
approached the entrance of one of these shows, 
attracted by the bright lights and glaring 
posters. The chief of the party noticed a large 
poster which depicted the exciting scene of an 
attack by Indians on a stage-couch. The scene 
evidently brought back reminiscences of former 
days on the plains. After an earnest pow-wow 
respecting the merits and demerits of the pic¬ 
ture, the big chief dug down into some recep¬ 
tacle concealed within the voluminous folds of 
his blanket, produced the necessary amount of 
wampum, purchased tickets, and the entire 
tribe passed within to witness the wonderful 
invention of Tom Edison. 

The streets are beautifully puzzling to the 
stranger, who finds it difficult to disentangle 
“Northwest” from “Southwest”; and the best 
advice in such a dilemma, when you find your¬ 
self irretrievably lost—is to jump on a trolley- 
car, get back to the Capitol and start all over 



again. 

Washingtonians will tell you that the system 


35 


THE CAPITAL. 




of dividing the city into four sections of the 
compass is a beautiful one—when you under¬ 
stand it; but before you acquire this knowledge, 
and you inadvertently find yourself miles from 
where you expected to land, simply because 
you failed to notice the talismanic N. W., S. W., 
N. E., or S. E., attached to the end of your ad¬ 
dress, it is small wonder if you explode in wrath 
and heap anathemas on the man who invented 
the system. 

The negroes in great numbers, are to be met 
with everywhere throughout the busy thor¬ 
oughfares, and a picturesque t lot they are; 
usually clad in cast-off raiment, poor and im¬ 
provident; but lighthearted, happy and good- 
natured. They frequently indulge in wordy 
warfare, calling each other “niggers,” but 
rarely coming to blows. The negroes employed 
in the hotels are, as a class, somewhat better 
off, and are inclined to dress flashily. But ap¬ 
pearances are often deceptive with them. A 
loudly attired darkey was once asked by a 
traveller to change a $10 bill. “ 'Deed I ain't 
got no chdnge fo' noi, ten-spot, Boss,” he re- 


36 


FAIR WASHINGTON. 


plied, “but I thank you fo’ de’ compliment jes’ 
de same.” 

On market days, the negro truck-farmers 
can be seen coming to Centre Market, in every 
conceivable form of ramshackle vehicle known. 
They have come from within a radius of many 
miles to vend their little burden of poultry, 
eggs, vegetables and an occasional ’possum or 
two. 

Many famous men have come to this famous 
old market place in person to do their market¬ 
ing, among the more notable are mentioned the 
names of Chief Justice Marshall, Daniel Web¬ 
ster and William Henry Harrison—but times 
have changed since then. Imagine, if you can, 
Chief Justice White, Oscar Underwood or 
Senator Elihu Root wandering through the 
Market looking for bargains in poultry, samp¬ 
ling choice print butter, or poking a forefinger 
into a sirloin steak to test its tenderness. Orders 
are given to the market men, through tele¬ 
phones now, and oleomargarine, cold-storage 
eggs and canned vegetables are delivered in 
automobiles. Yes, the times have changed. 


37 


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FAIR WASHINGTON. 


Washington, being situated in a climate be¬ 
low the Mason and Dixon line, the greatest 
care is not exercised in keeping the street¬ 
cars warm in winter time. One day a broad 
shouldered martial-looking man entered a car 
and after a while bitterly complained to the 
conductor that the car was wretchedly cold. 
After a while he disgustedly left the car. After 
he had departed, the conductor remarked, 
“That man always kicks about cold cars—his 
name is Admiral Peary—he's the man who 
discovered the North Pole!” You never know 
who's your next door neighbor in a Washing¬ 
ton street-car. 

President Wilson is rapidly becoming the 
most popular chief executive seen in the Wash¬ 
ington streets in a generation. His genial 
manner and cheerful smile endears him to all, 
from the policeman on the corner, to the store¬ 
keeper on the avenue. His figure is familiar 
to all and he invariably has a pleasant greeting 
for every one he meets—excepting the office- 
seeker who has caught him off-guard. He re¬ 
fuses to work overtime. But to the urchin on 



39 



THE CAPITAL. 





the street, selling papers he will talk for ten 
minutes in a teasing way before he will make a 
purchase and then, when the youngster notes 
the silver quarter he has received for a paper, 
his eyes show no end of wonderment as he 
scampers off to tell his chums of his good 
fortune. 

One day the President unwittingly violated a 
street-traffic regulation of the Capital which 
decrees that a street must not be crossed except 
at the corners. Upon being taken to task by a 
smiling policeman, he instantly retraced his 
steps and recrossed at the proper place. As he 
repassed the minion of the law he jocosely 
retorted, “Now Pve obeyed your dratted law!” 
and the President and the policeman laughed 
heartily in unison. 








CHAPTER II 

CUPID’S MECCA. 

r T is safe to say there are over one 
hundred thousand newly-weds who 
come to Washington on their wed¬ 
ding-tours in the course of the year. 

With the coming of spring, comes 
the birds, the buds, the blossoms and with them 
the newly-wed birdies, the fairest of all. And 
not only in the spring time do they come, but 
when the snow flies and the evenings are long 
there is rarely a reception, or social function 
of any kind that is not graced and enlivened by 
their presence. 

If on any bright day you do not encounter, 
about the Capital or White House grounds, 
scores of couples who plainly demonstrate the 
fact that they are just married, then you have 
had an unusual experience in Washington. 

It is a most perplexing question to Congress¬ 
men as to the proper sort of hospitality to ex¬ 
tend to these newly-weds. They usually come 
equipped with letters of introduction from 
friends at home to their member in Congress, 
and he is often at his wits ends to devise ways 




41 



THE CAPITAL. 





in which he can be of service to them without 
entailing too great a sacrifice of his valuable 
time. He usually squares himself by providing 
them with cards of admission to the Congres¬ 
sional gallery, and an itinerary of the places 
of interest to be seen in Washington. But the 
wisest course, and the most satisfactory to all 
concerned is;—let them entertain themselves. 

One pleasant afternoon in June there ap¬ 
peared at the entrance to the rotunda of the 
Capitol, a young couple so engrossed in each 
other that they scarcely knew the name of the 
big building they had just entered. As they 
wandered aimlessly about they attracted the 
attention of the important functionary who ap¬ 
parently has dominion over the whole floor 
beneath the dome. 

“There, Billy ?” he said with a knowing wink 
to his assistant, “Run them through in half an 
hour Then approaching the bashful couple 
he assumed a fatherly air as he described 
briefly the wonders of the historic building. 
W ithout waiting for a response from the be¬ 
wildered couple, he signalled “Billy” to ap- 


42 


CUPID’S MECCA. 


proach. ‘‘‘"Make it a dollar for them,” lie com¬ 
manded, and Billy conducted them away. 

It was considerable over an hour before Billy 
returned with Ms charge. They paused at every 
painting, not so much to admire its attractive 
features, as to admire each other’s attractive 
features. Every statue served as an excuse to 
stop and hold each others hands, while they 
listened to Billy’s rapid-fire answers to their 
questions. 

Billy was in despair. Cut the trip as short 
as he would, he could not make the time he 
anticipated and when he at length reappeared 
at the rotunda his chief met him with a look of 
sheer disgust that sorely wounded Iris pride in 
Ms profession. 

The explanation he vouchsafed to his cMef, 
while it did little to assauge Ms displeasure at 
the tardiness of the trip, was nevertheless 
naive. “Why,” he exclaimed, “when I got 
them to statuary hall and pointed to the round 
spot on the tiled floor, and said, “Here’s where 
John Quincy Adams fel|,’ Mow me if the bride 



43 



THE CAPITAL. 




didn't look up to the ceiling and exclaim, ‘Oh, 
my, what a fall F ” 

It is when the newly-wed birdie flits into the 
jewel-like Congressional Library building that 
she is at her best. There is no prettier picture 
than that of the June bride tastefully arrayed 
in a beautiful lavender gown, (all brides seem 
to affect lavender tints) with cute little white 
booties on her pattering feet, rosy cheeks, and 
a pair of sparkling eyes peeping from the re¬ 
cesses of a charming little peek-a-boo hat. And 
there are dozens of them to be seen every pleas¬ 
ant day amid the beautiful marble columns, 
flitting about from chamber to chamber in this 
ornate and elegant repository of books which, 
seems to have been designed especially for her 
kind. 

En passant, a few words should be said for 
the mates of these fair brides,—but only a few 
words,—for in these latter days Woman and 
only Woman is “it,” and mere man is relegated 
to the rear. When, in her estimation, she is 
not sufficiently “it,” she takes the most strenu¬ 
ous means to assert herself, even to the extent 


44 


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SENATOR JAMES A. O’GORMAN. 

Senator O’Gorman has constructed a beautiful 
model of New Democracy. It will be noticed that 
there is no Party Graftism or Predatory Politics 
in its makeup. Jeffersonian simplicity has been 
skillfully blended with Wilsonian aggressivenesss, 
and the result is a model for all true Democrats. 
His motto is—“A Clause in the Constitution is 
no bar to the Tiger’s Claws.” 



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O 

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THE CAPITAL. 



JLj 



of a recourse to the club or hammer, or any 
weapon within her grasp that will enable her 
to reach her ballot-box;—or gaoL 

As for man, he had best submit gracefully, 
for Woman, when she won’t, she won’t; but 
when she will, (vote) she will, depend on’L 
When the Suffragists last invaled Congress 
one of their number addressed a mottly group 
on the Capitol steps. She was middle-aged and 
somewhat the worse for wear. Her costume 
was severe black, which sharply accentuated 
her lean figure, but what she lacked in physical 
attractiveness was more than counterbalanced 
by an. earnestness of manner that compelled at¬ 
tention if it did not completely command ad¬ 
miration. Her address was very much to the 
point and was applauded again and again as 
she delivered her keen thrusts at “mere man.” 

“I am here in Washington fer th’ purpus uv 
discussen the rights of wimmen and cussen the 
men. Th’ sexes was creeated equal with us 
wimmen more equal than th’ men. To my mind 
this world would be better off without the men. 
They’re a nuisance anyhow, an’ I’m glad my 


46 


CUPID’S MECCA 


mother was a woman. Nearly all us wimmem 
maintain the principles of our croosade besides 
maintainen shiftless husbands as well The 
Bible sez we wimmen wuz created out of a rib 
from man—well all I’ve got to say is that rib 
wuz the best thing ever taken from man. The 
reason woman is better than man is because 
man wuz made first and first attempts are al¬ 
ways failures. What we want is the ballot; 
we’re bound to hev it even if we hev to beat 
the idee into them Congressmen’s heads with 
rolling-pins.” Her speech came to an abrupt 
end when the moving picture man completed 
his film. She was a made-up suffragist enact¬ 
ing a scene on the Capitol steps for a moving 
picture company. 




4 7 




CHAPTER III 

CONGRESS. 



American Congress is unique 
among the Parliaments of the world. 
Its problems are those of a newly 
conditioned system of government— 
which will in time surely show how 
absurd are those forms of hereditary govern¬ 
ment which still remain in force in some of the 
older countries. 

In th% matter of parliamentary methods, the 
American Congress compares favorably with 
any of those of Europe. 

In the British Parliament,—that mother of 
parliaments,—members are not any too fas¬ 
tidious about their methods of parliamentary 
procedure during the sessions. Frequently 
Rep. 9th Dis., n. y. they are to be seen lounging about with hats on, 
and with feet on benches in the most unseemly 
attitudes. 

Periodically they yield to violent spasms of 
anger, in which books and other missiles are 
hurled across the chamber in wild profusion 
and all dignity is cast to the winds. 



48 






CONGRESS. 


The French Chamber of Deputies is often a 
scene of riot; and when the Socialists break out 
of bounds in the German Reichstag, pande¬ 
monium prevails. 

In contrast with these European parliaments 
the American Congress gauges very favorably. 
Occasionally our law-makers will boil over, 
however—just to vary the monotony of making 
laws. A representative from the Palmetto 
state sometimes gets heated up over a chance 
remark by a New Englander respecting the 
propriety of hanging a “Nigger” without the 
formality of a trial by a jury of his superiors, 
and then the air is surcharged with electricity 
for a while. But not for long. Soon they will 
be seen hobnobbing like brothers in the discus- 



Hon. Luther W. Mott, 
Rep. 32nd Dis., IN. Y. 


sion of some bill they are both interested in. 

As the House of Representatives holds the 
purse strings of the nation, the appropriation 
bills are the principal bones of contention, and 
the member who is successful in securing a lib¬ 
eral allotment for his district is pretty sure to 
be returned for the next term. It was shortly 
after the cessation of the Civil War that a 



49 


Hon. Joe J. Russeil, 
Rep. 14th Dis., Mo. 


THE CAPITAL. 



Confederate Brigadier in Congress in loudly 
acclaiming his complete reconstruction, ex¬ 
claimed “I’m for the old flag and—an appro¬ 
priation/’ This was quite in line with the gen¬ 
eral sentiment, however— Patriotism and 
Patrimony—with the accent on “money.” 

Although there are scores of alert newspaper 
correspondents in the Press gallery to report 
any and every speech delivered on the floor, 
still Congress finds it expedient to conduct its 
own journal,—“The Congressional Record.” 
The reason is obvious. A speech reported by a 
non-critical hand, suitably punctuated with 
“laughter” and “applause’’ makes a vastly more 
creditable appearance than it would were it sub¬ 
jected to the merciless blue pencils of those 
unfeeling and unsympathetic editors who so 
often fail miserably to appreciate at their true 
worth the splendid oratorical achievements of 
the doughty disciples of Demosthenes who fre¬ 
quently address the “House.” z 

“The Congressional Record” is the new 
member’s best friend. If the older members 
persistently treat him with disdain and desert 


50 


CONGRESS. 


the chamber in droves every time he essays to 
speak, the “Record” will faithfully report every 
word of his peroration—and in quite as large 
type as that employed in recording the speeches 
of the more seasoned. 

There are many anomalous features pertain¬ 
ing to the House of Representatives. For in¬ 
stance, there are no cloaks to be seen in the 
cloak room. The Speaker never speaks; and a 
maiden speech is not delivered by a maiden— 
or at least will not be until female suffrage be¬ 
comes an assured fact. 

It will be a distinct pleasure to be a congress¬ 
man when the women arrive as members. No 
more lonely evenings, lounging about Hotel 
lobbies and Billiard rooms. When the roman¬ 
tically inclined young congressman from New 
York notes the attractive features of the 
blonde beauty who represents her native state 
of California, the impulse to ingratiate himself 
in her good graces by extending Theatre and 
Concert invitations will be quite irresistible; 
and it will matter but little if their political in¬ 
terests clash between Progressiveism and old- 




51 


























































SENATOR JOHN WORTH KERN. 


To say that the eminent, proficient and worthy 
Hoosier statesman would be worthless without 
his middle name would be exceedingly unfair, to 
say the least. The Ancient Greeks were adepts 
in the art of throwing the Discus, but if they 
could have foreseen how U. S. Senate floor-leader 
Kern throws the Discus—(which is short for dis¬ 
cussion) they would have turned green with envy. 
His motto is—“Leaders are born—in Indiana.” 




. 




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CONGRESS. 

partyism, for it will be found that little Dan 
Cupid is as potent in the House of Representa¬ 
tives as elsewhere—if the conditions are right. 

Of course, lady members will wear their hats 
in the coming chamber, and the member try¬ 
ing to catch the Speaker’s eye—or ear, with a 
big hat bobbing up and down in front of him, 
will probably use the most unparliamentary 
language in doing so. 

Many a proud mother-member will bring her 
baby into the Congressional arena in the 
coming days of female suffrage; and then fancy 
some crusty old bachelor member growling a 
protest. “If the member from Kansas will 
only keep her baby quiet for a few minutes we 
may be able to hear the speech now being 
made.” 

Then watch that Kansas mother turn her 
back on the discourteous member; give her 
baby a little pinch to make it cry the louder, and 
haughtily resume her reading—after the usual 
style, of mothers. 

But when the women elect a Speaker, then 
will come an innovation in parlimentary usage 

53 



Rep. 6th Dis., Mich. 



THE CAPITAL. 


worth noting. The following will probably suf¬ 
fice as a sample: 

“Mistress Speaker ?” 

Bober t Lee Henry M.c. “The lady from Illinois has the floor/’ 

“Mistress Speaker, I rise at the request of 
several of my lady colleagues to ask if the 
Chair will kindly inform the House where pat¬ 
terns of the lovely gown she is now wearing 
can be obtained ?” Congress will most cer¬ 
tainly take on a most interesting atmosphere 
when lovely woman gets a vote. 

Now that the Congressional chamber is ar¬ 
ranged in benches, the Press Galley is a most 
advantageous place from which to study the 
personnel of the House. The chamber now 
looks like the British House of Commons, with 
the exception that they look better-mannered, 
for they leave their hats in the cloak-room 
before they enter the chamber. 

The session has not yet begun. Members 
are arriving in groups, chatting noisily. Pages 
are darting hither and thither in the aisles. The 
new arrangement of benches makes writing 
impossible, but it induces free consultation 



54 


CONGRESS. 


among the members, and this probably makes 
amends. The Congressmen as a rule do not 
like the new arrangement and some have con- 
temptuosuly alluded to the new House as the 
“Congressional Bench-show.” 

A few members are in their seats busily en¬ 
gaged in conversation with colleagues, while 
others are eagerly scanning newspapers from 
home, perhaps in the hope that their legis¬ 
lative derelictions are overlooked by the hawk- 
eyed editor who conducts the leading paper in 
their home town. In the centre of the chamber Qiimraie 
sits a stockily built man with snow-white hair -j^ushies^. 
and ruddy complexion. He is evidently popu- i 
lar for he is surrounded by a group laughing congressman 
and chatting pleasantly with him. As he turns 
his face around he is recognized as the author of 
the famous Tariff Bill which bears his name— 

Sereno Payne, of New York. The members 
are now coming in rapidly as the hour of open¬ 
ing approaches. The aisles are soon crowded 
so as to be almost impassable. 

Representative Edward W. Townsend is re¬ 
galing his friends with some of his humorus 



TOWNSEND! 

Wew Jcr9c.y 
NOW 



55 






THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Wm. S. Vare, 
Rep. 1st Dis., Pa. 



stories and his efforts are rewarded by salvos 
of hearty laughter. Some dozen years ago he 
was famous as the author of “Chimmie Fad- 
den/’ Just back of him stands his colleague, 
Walter I. McCoy, who believes the Tariff to be 
a colloqual issue—hence he is always talking 
about it. An immaculately dressed man enters 
the chamber from one of the cloak rooms and 
is immediately surrounded by friends eager to 
sake his hand. His rotund face is wreathed in 
smiles. Everyone present recognizes him as 
Oscar W. Underwood, of Alabama, the Demo¬ 
cratic floor leader. In addition to his many 
admirable qualities, he has the reputation of 
being the best dressed member of the House. 
Eugene Kinkead is earnestly discussing New 
Jersey matters with his intimate friend, James 
Hamifl, who secured Jersey City’s new Post 
Office building, during his last term. Jersey 
City in grateful remembrance thereof sent him 
back to Congress for another term. 

Down the centre aisle comes a member with 
both hands filled with documents. He is evi¬ 
dently popular as he pauses frequently to 


56 










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WILLIAM F. McCOMBS. 

William Warwick McCombs is the revised name 
of the young man who is conceded to be the War¬ 
wick of the present administration. While pur¬ 
suing his studies at Princeton University he read 
of the exploits of one Warwick who figured in 
early English history as somewhat of a King¬ 
maker. Thus he imbibed an ambition to excel in 
this line and he determined to go into the monarch¬ 
making business himself. Kings having gone out 
of style, he turned his attention to the more up- 
to-date article. With what result—ask Clark, or 
Teddy. It will be noticed that he stands very close 
to the President’s chair as a reward for helping to 
fill it. The Democratic Party has a very able 
chairman. His motto is—-“Hitch your auto to a 
star if you wish to be in the spot-light.” 























































































































THE CAPITAL. 



answer salutations from fellow members. He’s 
addressed as “Bob’* by all who salute him. This 
is Robert E. Bremner, of New Jersey, one of 
the best writers on the floor, who is serving his 
first term in Congress, and who is already one 
of its most popular members. 

How strange are the uses of adversity. Re¬ 
publican Leader Mann is conferring with one 
of his floor lieutenants. The jaunty air which 
pervaded the Republican ranks when Joe Can¬ 
non was in the chair is gone. Adversity has 
taught them humility to such an extent that 
old war horses like Dalzell and Cannon no 
longer prance and cavort in the chamber. The 
“Bull Moose” created sad havoc in Congress, 
and as a consequence, the “Hee! Haw!” of the 
Donkey is heard reverberating and echoing 
throughout the land. 

Rap! Rap! Rap!—All eyes are turned toward 
the Speaker's desk. Champ Clark's fine old 
Roman face is seen scanning the House. What 
an exhilarating sight is here presented. The 
best men in the country are assembled to make 
laws for the guidance of the Republic—with a 


58 




CONGRESS. 


capital R. Their faces plainly show the ability 
that is within them. These men are not here 
to make money. There are no fortunes to be 
picked up in Congress. Men of mediocre abil¬ 
ity often make big fortunes in mercantile life, 
but in the Congressional arena, mediocrity 
drops to the bottom and is submerged. Plainly, 
the best brains of the country are not money- 
mad. 

The Chaplain has just concluded his invoca¬ 
tion and the Horse is astir. Appeals for the 
floor are heard on every side. To the casual 
visitor in the gallery the recognition of a mem¬ 
ber by the Speaker is a queer performance. A 
member may be standing right in the centre of 
the chamber calling for recognition in the loud¬ 
est tones, while the Speaker, looking over his 
head, designates a member far in the rear as 
being entitled to the floor. 

A pugnacious member is creating quite a 
commotion on the floor in an angry argument 
with a fellow member who is trying to make a 
set speech. The Speaker is trying to bring 
him to order. Bang! Bang! goes his gavel— 



59 





THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Charles A. Lindberg, 
Rep. 6th Dis., Minn. 


JL. P. PADGETT, M.C. 



'Tennessee 

J^ck. 


there is a crash—Speaker Clark has broken 
another sounding board with his gavel—the 
third this session. 

Oratory is of secondary importance in 
modern legislative halls. The member who has 
the ability to write a good speech for which 
“leave to print” has been obtained can reach a 
far greater audience through the medium of the 
Public Press than could possibly be attained by 
an address delivered on the floor. 

A member from Arizona is addressing the 
House on his Immigration Bill. He is citing 
statistics by the yard. Nobody pays the least 
attention to him, in fact, he is especially 
ignored. Dry figures evidently make his hear¬ 
ers thirsty, for there is a general exodus to the 
restaurant. . 

The wealthiest member is probably Jefferson 
M. Levy, the millionaire real estate operator 
of New York City, who owns Monticello, the 
old home of Thomas Jefferson. The poorest 
member is the one who finds it impossible to 
make ends meet on the $7,500 salary so gener¬ 
ously supplied by Uncle Sam. 


60 


CONGRESS. 


In addition to their salaries, members are 
allowed $125 for stationery, which those im- 
pecuniously inclined, draw down in cash on the 
opening day of the session and then trust to 
luck and fortunate committee assignments 
which will serve to supply them with the free 
committee stationery necessary during the 
meeting. 

A recent investigation by Representative 
Willis of Ohio disclosed the interesting fact 
that among the articles furnished to members 
at government expense are powder puffs, music 
rolls, vanity bags, side combs,, reticules, etc. 
Hurry up girls! Hurry with your suffrage 
plans—Congress is ready for you. 

These are but small side lights, however. 
The main illuminating feature of this 
splendid law-making body is the fact that it is 
successfully guiding the ship of state on its true 
course and a few “pork barrels” more or less 
will not deflect her to any appreciable extent. 



Hon. Eugene E. Reed, 
Rep. 1st Dis., N. H. 



61 


Hon. Halvor Steenerson, 
Rep. 9th Dis., Minn. 


CHAPTER IV 


THE SENATE. 


S <e in - J-W. Smith, 

The sweet sinder 




; United States Sentae is the most 

_ _„ sedate and dignified body of its kind 

| mil I in the world. 

UP III wnrt 1U jn some respects, however, this 
matter of dignity is rather overdone, 
somewhat like the righteous man who walked 
so upright that he leaned back. 

Just take a peep into the Senate Chamber. 
Note the slow, measured tread of the Senators 
as they enter. Totally oblivious of the pres¬ 
ence of crowded galleries; thoroughly wrapped 
up in their own importance, they move about 
the chamber in stately dignity and in perfect 
harmony with the aristocratic traditions which 
have enveloped the dignified Senate ever since 
its first session. 

But, dear reader, don’t be misled. The 
worthy and honorable Senators don’t mean it. 
Their dignity is only assumed for the occasion. 
It’s part of the play. When they are off the 
stage, as it were, they become the most ap¬ 
proachable and democratic statesmen imagin¬ 
able. 


62 







THE SENATE. 


Step out into the corridor, and into the ante¬ 
rooms of the chamber and note the hearty and 
unreserved manner in which senatorial dignity 
unbends when the Senator greets his agri¬ 
cultural friends from the prairies. How he 
beams and smiles with all the unctuousness of 
the politician. There is no mistaking the fer¬ 
vent handshake and the caressing hand placed 
upon the shoulder of his visitor. It goes far to 
explain why he is a Senator. The ability to 
become democratic on occassion is a great 
asset in political life. 

A glance over the Senate chamber will show 
that the average of age is much greater than in 
the House. Gray heads predominate. Gray, 
grave and reverend is the tone; like that which 
prevailed in the Venetian Senate before which 
the dusky Othello pleaded. 

It is fully an hour before the Senate con¬ 
venes, but some of the Senators are at their 
desks, busy with mail and personal correspond¬ 
ence. The galleries are well filled with strang¬ 
ers who eagerly watch for the entrance of well 
known men into the chamber. When a Senator 



7 0, 9^** j 


63 





> it 







SENATOR JAMES HAMILTON LEWIS. 

The suave, graceful, polished, and courtly man¬ 
ners of the junior, Senator from Illinois have 
earned for him the enviable title of “Beau Brum- 
mel of the Senate.” Senator Lewis, however, 
needs not the reflected light of the old London 
Beau to shine at Washington. His motto is— 
“Manners make a man;—Senator sometimes.” 



' 

\[l '■ ' : - iT 

3vsrf eioniill - •> >rto c *>n ■ 

~n ' ‘y rii 63 

} 

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THE SENATE. 


enters whose face is familiar through the me¬ 
dium of the public prints, a buzz of recognition 
is audible throughout the galleries and if, per¬ 
chance he should be a popular man, they would 
likely greet him with applause—did the rules 
permit—for be it understood that visitors in 
the galleries view the proceedings below some¬ 
what after the manner of the gallery-gods at 
the melodrama who cheer the hero and hiss 
the villain. 

The most punctual to arrive is the blind 
Senator from Oklahoma, Senator Gore. He 
is led to his seat by a page who carefully ad¬ 
justs his papers on the desk before him just the 
same as though he was not unfortunately bereft 
of his sight. Senator Perkins of California is 
another unfortunate who requires the assist¬ 
ance of a page to reach his seat. Although 
badly crippled by paralysis he is a keen, alert 
participant in the proceedings. 

Quite a commotion is occasioned by the en¬ 
trance of a group led by Senator Martine. The 
Senator is the personification of senatorial 
courtesy. He enters with his arm about the 



65 


THE CAPITAL. 


neck of his colleague “Billy” as he endearingly 
terms Senator Hughes. John Sharp Williams 
and John W. Kern are in the group engaged in 
a pleasant conversation for they continually 
laugh as they talk. 

Senators Lodge and Root enter from the 
opposite side and repair to their seats which are 
close together^, In a few minutes they are en¬ 
grossed in a most earnest consultation. It is 
evidently of an important nature for they seem 
totally oblivious to their surroundings, and fre¬ 
quently consult papers which lie in profusion 
on Senator Root’s desk. 

The chamber is filling up rapidly now for 
the time for opening the session is near. 
Senator Hoke Smith has just reached his seat 
accompanied by white-haired Senator Martin 
who has stopped for a minute to say a few 
words. 

A thick set man with a large head and 
strongly marked features makes his way to a 
seat in the centre of the chamber. He is re¬ 
spectfully saluted by his fellow Senators as he 
passed along the aisle and there is scarcely a 


66 


THE SENATE. 


visitor in the gallery who does not recognize 
him as Senator O'Gorman from the Empire 
State. 

There is quite a hum of conversation on the 
floor when the sharp rap of the presiding of¬ 
ficer's gavel calls the senate to order and in¬ 
stantly there is quiet as the Chaplain proceeds 
to intone his invocation. 

The session opens with the chair, granting 
permission to the Senator from Massachusetts 
to address the senate. Senator Lodge speaks 
in a resonant voice, enunciating his syllables 
distinctly and easily making himself heard 
throughout the chamber. He is delivering an 
argument for the right to bring a bill before 
the Senate for immediate action. 

Democratic Floor-leader Kern protests 
against his contention on the ground that the 
consideration of the bill should be deferred on 
the plea of there being more important bills 
demanding consideration. And so it goes for 
hour after hour. 

Most of the gallery visitors (who have come 
for entertainment) slink out when the debate 


67 


THE CAPITAL. 




takes on a technical turn. But they should have 
waited. Senator Lodge has asked the senate 
to appropriate five hundred dollars to defray 
the expense of having a plate placed on each 
desk, on which has been engraved the names of 
all the occupants, past and, present. This has 
moved Senator Martine to oratory. “I have 
tried to picture in mind,” begins Mr. Martine, 
“the profound interest future generations will 
take in reading the marvellous history of this 
great country—the bloody contest for liberty. 
They will read of the splendid bravery of Mad 
Anthony Wayne, they will be able to fairly 
hear the clarion voice of Commodore Perry 
crying ‘Don’t give up tfie ship!’ (Historical 
mistakes don’t bother the Senator). Great as 
are the subjects I have cited,” he continued, 
“how weak and paltry they wilTseem in com¬ 
parison to the thrill that will come to the future 
reader of history when he comes to the chapter, 
‘History of the Desks and Cuspidors of the 
Senate of the United States.” 

“But seriously,” he concluded, “with bread 
and butter so high in cost to the toiler and bread 


68 


THE SENATE. 

winner, I must vote No to the bill proposed by 
the distinguished and cultivated Senator from 
Massachusetts/' As the Senator resumed his 
seat his eyes caught the pleased faces of those 
in the galleries, for they had come to be amused 
and the Senator's speech was very amusing. 

But the real fun in the Senate chamber is to 
be witnessed when filibustering tactics are re¬ 
sorted to for the purpose of killing an obnoxi¬ 
ous bit of legislation. At the close of President 
Taft's administration the Republicans wished 
to confirm a lot of his belated appointments. 
The Democrats resolved to thwart this action 
by filibustering methods. Senator John Sharp 
Williams *spoke for nearly two hours on the 
development of aeronautics in the United 
States. He was supposed to be addressing him¬ 
self to a motion made by a Republican Senator 
regarding the appointments. 

After tiring with his efiforts on the aeroplane 
speech he turned from flying machines to light 
fiction. He inquired of Senator Lodge, who 
seemed worried and fretful, how 5 many 
Senators he thought had really read Dickens. 


69 



< - : .. J. 

.... q) 

























































































LINDLEY M. GARRISON. 


What could be more appropriate than a Garrison 
in the War Department? Since Garrison has 
assumed the role of Mars his mien has been very 
warlike. His middle name is Mars. His war-dog 
is at his side, ready to leap across the Rio Grande 
for a fight, or a frolic. His motto is—“The best 
watch-dog is the war-dog.” 

























:sil» *hqc j- ' s led W 

- 

■ rs ->/t b'Sas 

b-us i Bill Lihfiw 

. 

" 

h 9fi-1 W £1>1 rfolBW 

















THE SENATE. 


He then pleasantly remarked that he intended 
opening a school for the instruction of his col¬ 
leagues respecting the merits of Nicholas 
Nickleby, David Copperfield and Pickwick. 

The Republicans’ disgust deepened when 
Senator Hoke Smith appeared with a colored 
man carrying a huge clothes basket filled with 
Government documents, novels, and various 
other books and periodicals. As the Senator 
rose in his seat to relieve Senator Williams, 
the Democrats smiled broadly as he coolly pro¬ 
ceeded to read from a document devoted to the 
diseases of horses. After exhausting this sub¬ 
ject he reached down into the big basket and 
brought forth a work on “The Epicurean de¬ 
light of eating locusts and gophers/’ In rapid 
succession he read from the “Bible,” “Hoyle on 
Whist,” and some very choice recipes for com¬ 
pounding mixed drinks, which finally drove 
half of the Senate into the Restaurant. 

There are some very brilliant orators in the 
Senate, but oratory is going out of fashion. 
The most efifective legislative work is done by 
men who never make speeches. It is in the 


71 


THE CAPITAL. 



committee rooms that the great legislative bat¬ 
tles are fought—and there is never a set speech 
delivered in the committee room. 

The rule of seniority is the bane of the 
Senate. Under this system a small coterie of 
Senators controls the composition of the com¬ 
mittees. Under this system, no matter how 
prominent a man may have been in his pro¬ 
fession, when he comes* to the Senate he is 
assigned to inferior places on committees. 

Elihu Root, coming to the Senate after hav¬ 
ing been Secretary of State and Secretary of 
War, was placed at the bottom of the Republi¬ 
can membership of the Judiciary Committee 
and low down on the Committee on Foreign 
Relations. - • 

Justice O'Gorman, resigning a place from the 
highest court in New York, came to the Senate 
with a legal reputation of the first order. He 
was placed at the bottom of the Judiciary Com¬ 
mittee, below men far below him in legal ability 
and distinction. 

There is a light dawning in the Senate 
chamber, however. This rule of senority~ is to 


72 


THE SENATE. 


be relegated to the waste-basket by the Progres¬ 
sives now in power and “the spurns that patient 
merit of the unworthy takes” will soon be a 
thing of the past, so far as Senatorial commit¬ 
tees are concerned. 

When a change of party comes over the 
Senate some curious developments ensue. The 
party in the majority, always consigns all the 
best committee rooms to its members; the mi¬ 
nority having to get along as best it can in the 
little obscure, out-of-the-way rooms devoted to 
small committees. When the Democrats came 
into power Senator Warren was compelled to 
relinquish three magnificent rooms o n the 
ground floor which have been occupied by the 
Committee on Appropriations. These were 
assigned to Senator Tillman who moved out of 
a little room in the rear of the Senate document 
room where he has hibernated for many years, 
the only guidance to his hiding place having 
been the sign, “Five Civilized Tribes,” which 
indicated to the public the name of a committee 
that has never held a meeting. The transfor¬ 
mation of the minority “caterpillar” to the ma- 


73 


,5‘eirtt.H.FXD ppitfc, 
TTfofi' |P®6 b feaaraB—“ 
Colossus-*Rhode Island 



(/' 


THE CAPITAL. 

jority “butterfly” is a most amusing process— 
to the “butterflies.” 

There are at the present time seventy-one 
standing committees, of which approximately 
twenty are so called minority committees, the 
chairmanship of which is accorded to the minor¬ 
ity, but a majority of whose members are of the 
majority party. These committees, however, 
are of absolutely no importance so far as shap¬ 
ing either legislative policy or enactment is 
concerned. 

About fifteen committees control the affairs 
of legislation. These committees are Agri¬ 
culture, Appropriations, Commerce, Finance, 
Foreign Relations, Immigration, Indian Af¬ 
fairs, Interoceanic Canals, Interstate Com¬ 
merce, Judiciary, Military Affairs, Naval Af¬ 
fairs, Postoffices and Post Roads, Public Build¬ 
ings and Public Lands. 

It is in these committee rooms that the real 
work of the senate is done. Here the “silent” 
men on the floor are found to be most efficaci¬ 
ous. Men who are seldom heard in the chamber 
will be found busy consulting law books, pre- 


74 


THE SENATE. 

paring bills and making researches in volumin¬ 
ous government reports to secure necessary 
data on which to frame legislation. These are 
the real masters of the Senate—the men who 
are returned term after term by their constitu¬ 
encies wdio know by results how valuable are 
their services. 

The Senate abounds with men of great legal 
ability and were a commercial valuation to be 
placed upon their services to the country the 
sum represented would be very large. For in¬ 
stance, Senator Root, one of the greatest law¬ 
yers who ever sat in a Senate chair, could com¬ 
mand ten-fold what Uncle Sam pays him, from 
any corporation that was fortunate enough to 
obtain his services. 

Senator O’Gorman, an eminent jurist from 
the Supreme Court bench of New York, would 
most probably scorn the year’s salary as 
Senator as a retainer for a single month’s legal 
services for any client who sought his legal aid 
in a private case. Senator Borah is also a legal 
light whose services are of the highest mone¬ 
tary value; in fact the senate teems with men of 



75 










I 




I 

























SENATORIAL FLOWERS. 


The flowers that bloom in the Senate are of 
high degree. There is that stately exotic, the 
“Bristowa,” vulgarly known as the Kansas sun¬ 
flower; the “Jonesia Washingtonia,” otherwise 
the Water-wagon Lilly, a plant that thrives on 
water alone; the “Weeksia,” a fine variety of 
Massachusetts Tea Party rose, and the “Shaf- 
rothia,” a newly transplanted Daisy from Colorado 
which promises much. With such a redundancy 
of fragrant flowers is it at all remarkable that the 
Senate chamber is constantly blossoming out in 
flowery eloquence? 


' 

' 

K .Vi:, >»: ii- IT: ... ’>ft i. ^ ‘ 

sri* ..••Jo; • *! • r r . ... 

■ 

rU- vV sa/t t : , ■ >woR _ j 

‘ 

' 

:•?•;• u&" Ms: ■ sir I ti> m ii '■ ‘0$. \i>- 









THE SENATE. 


high money value who serve Uncle Sam for the 
honor of the service. 

The quality of the service rendered by the 
senate magnates is vividly shown by the pas¬ 
sage of the $180,000,000 annual pension bill of 
1913 in twenty-five minutes, and with less than 
fifteen minutes’ debate. This was the largest 
annual pension measure in the history of the 
Government and required months of patient 
research and careful consideration in commit¬ 
tee rooms before its passage. 

The aggressive position President Wilson 
has assumed in the conduct of foreign affairs 
has raised the interesting question whether he 
will fare as Washington did when he used his 
prerogative to discuss legislative questions be¬ 
hind closed doors. Washington informed the 
Senate on August 21, 1789, that on the next day 
he would meet to advise with them concerning 
an Indian Treaty. 

When he left the chamber, he muttered to a 
member of his Cabinet: 

“I’ve been toAhe Senate, and I’ll be d- 

if ever I go there again.” 



PAINE • 


77 



CHAPTER V 


SIDELIGHTS ON CONGRESS. 



Representatives is called the Great 
Mace. This time-honored emblem 
of authority is composed of thirteen 
rods of ebony, bound with bands of 


Tig stick” of the House of 


silver, and surmounted by a finely engraved 
map of the world on a silver globe. On top 
rests a silver eagle with wings outstretched, in 
true spread-eagle fashion. 

The mace is really a war-club, modelled after 
the favorite weapon used in the Middle Ages 
by the ecclesiastics. Forbidden by law to carry 
swords they got around the law by using stout, 
heavy clubs against their armored opponents. 
So Congress, the representative body of the 
people, adopted the people’s weapon as a big 
stick to preserve order and maintain discipline. 

When refractory members show signs of re¬ 
sorting to prize-ring tactics the Speaker calls 
on the sergeant-at-arms to “show the mace.” 
This generally awes the belligerants into a 
semblance of order. 


78 








SIDE LIGHTS ON CONGRESS. 

When a member becomes too unruly he is 
brought before the bar of the House and repri¬ 
manded severely by the Speaker who addresses 
him by name. This is the only time a member 
is ever “named,” and it is considered a distinc¬ 
tive humiliation. 

The representative in session is always desig¬ 
nated by the Speaker as “the member” from 
his respective district; never by name—if he 
behaves himself. 

A member is never held accountable for any¬ 
thing he may say on the floor of the House. 
Sometimes the most acrimonious things are 
said in the heat of debate. In the early days 
of Congress, duels followed the hot words. 
John Randolph fought a duel with Henry Clay 
as a result of a wordy war on the floor. But 
modern ideas of the ethics of debate wall not 
tolerate duels. Public sentiment has abolished 
any kind of reprisal for Congressional utter¬ 
ances. No libel suit can be instituted for any¬ 
thing said in open debate, and the principle has 
been established that there must be the utmost 



Wm. H.Hine bnu^h M C. 

The Illinois ButteVfly. 



CLAY- 


79 


THE CAPITAL. 


freedom of debate, with perfect immunity in 
the free exercise of speech in Congress. 

Secret sessions are unknown in the House. 
From no session is the public debarred from 
witnessing and hearing all that goes on in the 
Senate, the House never goes into executive 
Senate the House never goes into executive 
session. The galleries are never cleared, and 
the doors are never closed, that grave and 
reverend lawmakers may discuss matters that 
would perhaps not look well in print. At all 
events, this is,the interpretation put upon the 
dignified Senate’s action when the dear public 
is thrown out of the galleries every time an 
executive session is called. 

The proceedings on the floor of the House 
are in marked contrast to those of the Senate. 
There is a scene of constant activity in the pop¬ 
ular branch and a persistent sound of sub¬ 
dued voices, like the hum of a very busy bee¬ 
hive. The proprieties of debate are. not so 
much respected as in the Senate. The House 
of Representatives is nearer to the people— 
hence it is called the popular branch. 


80 


SIDE LIGHTS ON CONGRESS. 


When a member rises to deliver a speech of 
the spread-eagle sort he is said to be talking 
for buncombe. The origin of this phrase is as 
follows: A Congressman from Buncombe 

County, North Carolina, in ante-bellum days, 
undertook to deliver a long and tedious speech 
about a matter that did not interest the House 
to any great extent. He was called to order 
by another member on the ground that the 
speech was not pertinent to the occasion. This 
was frankly admitted by the North Carolinian, 
who retorted that he was not talking for the 
members present, but was talking for Bun¬ 
combe County, North Carolina. 

The phrase was taken up by an alert reporter 
present and sent to his paper. It instantly be¬ 
came famous and was at,once incorporated into 
the language of debate. There is never a ses¬ 
sion now in which talking for buncombe does 
not figure to a considerable extent. 

There is a law of Congress that decrees that 
members who absent themselves from the ses¬ 
sions are to receive no pay for the time absent, 
but this law is practically null and void. When 


81 


THE CAPITAL. 



the urgency demands, the Speaker issues war¬ 
rants for the arrest of the absentees. When the 
deputy sergeants-at-arms bring in these recalci¬ 
trant members the excuses offered are amusing 
in the extreme. One will declare that an inti¬ 
mate friend is in serious illness and sorely in 
need of the ministrations of a friend. He is 
much embarrassed, however, by a keen witted 
member who blandly asks what the limit of the 
little game was. 

Another will plead that his clock ran down 
and he was not aware of the lateness of the 
hour. The fact that he is in evening dress, with 
a flower in his buttonhole will be commented 
upon by an audaciously impertient fellow-mem¬ 
ber to his confusion and discomfiture. 

During President Grant’s adminisration, a 
newly appointed Deputy Sergeant-at-Arms, ex¬ 
ultant over his important post, wrote to a friend 
in Texas that “He was a bigger man than old 
Grant.” In some manner the letter became 
public and he was the laughing stock of the 
whole country for months after. 

On another occasion, Tom Watson, the fiery 


82 






SENATOR WILLIAM STONE. 


Favorites of fortune are said to have been born 
with gold spoons in their mouths. The famous 
Missouri Senator was born with gum shoes on his 
feet; hence the sobriquet, “Gum shoe Bill.” The 
direct result of this gum shoe inheritance is quite 
obvious; his pedal extremities are always warm. 
He never gets cold feet. This equipment of foot¬ 
gear also enables him to maintain a perfect 
equipoise on the political wire which leads from 
Missouri to the Capital at Washington, and para¬ 
doxically it may be said that the Gum shoe states¬ 
man is the “big noise” in the “Houn’ dog” State. 
His motto is—-“Step lightly, there’s crape on the 
door of mine enemy.” 










































THE CAPITAL. 


Georgian, during a debate in which he had lost 
the track of the discussion, shrilly shouted: 
“Mr. Speaker, where are we at?” 

“Tim” Campbell, a well-known Congressman 
from New York, during Cleveland’s adminis¬ 
tration, took a somewhat naive view of the 
status of a stateman at the Capital when he ex¬ 
claimed, “What’s the Constitution, between 
friends?” 

Some of the members of the House are very 
quick witted. “Bob” Brenner, of New Jersey, 
is the editor of a newspaper at home and like 
all newspaper men, is never at a loss for a word 
in debate. If a member, in the course of a 
speech, hesitates for a proper word, like a flash 
it is instantly supplied by “Bob,” if he chances 
to be in the vicinity. 

It is this bon hommie among members that 
makes membership of Congress so pleasant and 
frequently results in life-long friendships. 

Congress is the sole judge of the fitness of 
its members. This, however, admits of great 
latitude in the admission of some men to seats 
in the chamber. In the Sixty-second Congress 

Wim. C. Adamson M.C. - Ca. 

Steel-car Champion. q . 


SIDE LIGHTS ON CONGRESS. 


there sat a man who had served a term in 
prison for murder; and John Morrissey, a 
famous prize-fighter, represented a New York 
district at one time—but he was said to have 
made a good member. 

“Tim” Sullivan confidently declared that he 
would represent his Bowery District in Con¬ 
gress better than Dan Webster could— and he 
did, if looking after the wants of his constitu¬ 
ents constituted the best way to represent a 
district. 

Often a man will be elected to Congress who 
has “too many irons in the fire”—too many 
business enterprises to look after to give re¬ 
quisite time and attention to the duties incum¬ 
bent upon membership in the House of Repre¬ 
sentatives. Such a man was William R. 
Hearst, who seldom occupied his seat, owing to 
the many calls upon his time by his multifarious 
business demands. 

It is said that a journalist cannot be a suc¬ 
cessful Congressman. The abler the journalist 
the more pronounced the failure. Although 
lawyers’are in the majority, and complaint has 



85 


THE CAPITAL, 



often been made that there are too many of 
them, yet it is only reasonable to expect that a 
law will be best made by lawyers. 

The House of Representatives ought to be 
the most effective forum, the most earnestly 
sought theatre of opportunity in this country, 
but such appears not to be the case. The ma¬ 
jority of members look forward to the day 
when they can, by some lucky turn of the po¬ 
litical wheel of fortune, enter the more decorous 
and distinguished body at the other end of the 
Capitol It used to be otherwise. Henry Clay 
left the Senate to become a member of the 
House because he considered it a more advan¬ 
tageous position of influence. We have re¬ 
versed the tendency in the British Parliament. 
The House of Lords has been steadily declin¬ 
ing in influence for the past century, while the 
House of Commons has augmented its power 
and prestige. In the meantime our Senate has 
absorbed more and more power to itself, and 
ou-r House seems to have lost in a like manner 
the primacy it once possessed. 

Mr. Gladstone declined a peerage because he 


86 


SIDE LIGHTS ON CONGRESS. 

preferred a field of usefulness to one of tinsel 
and show. Disraeli eagerly sought it because 
of his vanity and love of pomp. But no man 
with red blood in his veins; with youth, vigor 
and ambition in his make-up ever wishes to go 
to the Lords. It is a fine old, respectable 
mausoleum for "dead-ones.” 

How different our "House of Lords!” The 
most powerful men in our "House of Com¬ 
mons” eagerly seek opportunity to enter the 
Senate. There is something wrong when a 
position of newest Senator is preferable to that 
of powerful leadership in the House. Plainly 
there has been a progressive degradation of the 
popular body, a grave condition which is as 
bad for the Nation as it is for the prestige of 
the American House of Commons. 

The visitors in the galleries always take a 
keen interest in the boys who act as pages. 
The rules provide that they shall be between 
12 and 16 years of age. Their uniforms are 
white blouse shirts and knee breeches. During 
busy sessions their duties are somewhat ardu¬ 
ous but once in a while they break through the 



87 



THE CAPITAL. 


ice of stiff formality as they did on one occas¬ 
ion when the lawmakers adjourned early and 
left the chamber in the possession of the 
youngsters. 

One of the boys proposed a mock session, as 
he saw the last member disappear for the day. 
Suiting the action to the word, he mounted the 
chairman’s rostrum and called the pages to 
order. One youngster, with mock dignity, in¬ 
troduced a bill that almost broke up the meet¬ 
ing. It bore the title, “To prohibit members 
from using fire-water, and for other purposes.” 
Another was entitled, “A bill to relieve a bull 
pup.” It was ordered to be referred to the 
committee on dogs. 

There is a little volume known to the lads 
as “The Soak Book,” in which delinquent pages 
are “soaked” with various penalties for dere¬ 
lictions of duty. One of the embryo statesmen 
offered a resolution that the “Soak Book be 
burned.” This was passed without a dissenting 
vote. 

Their methods of parliamentary procedure 
were in strict conformity to the rules and 


88 



SIDE LIGHTS ON CONGRESS. 

served to illustrate how closely they had 
studied the legislative manners of their masters. 

Some of the pages have attained big po¬ 
sitions in official life. 

Senator Arthur Pue Gorman, of Maryland, 
was a page in his youth, and a number have 
advanced up the scale to Department heads^ 
Foreign Ministers, and Congressmen. 

It is the man, not his birth, social standing, 
or money that ranks on the floor of Congress. 
With great opportunities for making money, 
the instances in which members have bartered 
their honor are so few as to be almost neglible. 
Hundreds of members have lived and died in 
honorable poverty, who have had numberless 
opportunities to become millionaires had they 
simply named a price at which they would be¬ 
tray their country. Diogenes would have little 
use for his lamp on the floor of the House of 
Representatives. 



89 

















ELIHU ROOT. 


Senator Root is a statesman of wonderful ver¬ 
satility. As a legal prestidigitateur he has no 
equal. The Root of all evil to his opponents, the 
“root of all evil” fills his coffers and swells his 
bank account. Wise men aver that those Corpora¬ 
tions that take Root are sure to flourish. Just to 
show his versatility at the Chicago convention of 
1912, he gave an exhibition of steam-roller running 
that greatly astonished its famous inventor. His 
motto is, “Root for the biggest fee.” 


.Too* itei d§ 


i9v IwH^bnc io'fijx;. $n. • jooM :.y-v.:■& 

on 86li 9fi T :3 'v • * q fe§?{ • -v :~(5iUtBg 

srf* t «Jn9/toqqo airi o-> : ; . Ma . 

. 

Ispj, t o.t *>tu 2 i: :s iQ< s • 11 

J ■■,: .-m 





CHAPTER VI 



LEGISLATIVE BURLESQUE. 


7 ROM the sublime to the ridiculous 
is but a step—so runs the old adage. 
Many an orator soaring to sublime 
heights has been dashed to earth 
through some frivolous remark in¬ 
terjected at an inopportune moment. 

When a Senator eloquently exclaimed that 
the Goddess of Liberty had her home in the 
mountains of Nevada, a nearby listener 
wrecked the aeroplane by remarking, “Quit£ 
a solitary residence for the lady.” 

During a hot and acrimonious tariff debate 
on “Free Wool,” a member cleared away the 
sullen clouds by remarking, “There is not a 
sheep from the green hills from Vermont to 
the mountain ranges of California where sheep 
are slaughtered by tens of thousands, that does 
not in his dying moments ejaculate as to both 
of these revenue arguments on wool, 'Baa! 
Baa!’ ” 

An orator having spent some time in de¬ 
claiming eloquently in set phrases, wound up 



91 




THE CAPITAL. 



with a rhetorical flight about the land drenched 
with the blood of millions, when his balloon 
was neatly punctured by a fellow member who 
ejaculated, “I always did like that speech.” 

A speaker dilating upon the odiousness of 
treason was neatly answered by a facetious 
opponent with the retort that treason never 
prospers, because when prosperous it % is not 
treason. 

In the course of a speech against an Indian 
appropriation bill the orator exclaimed vehe¬ 
mently, “What a mixed assortment of Quakers 
and blankets, saw-mills and school-books to 
send to vicious and unappreciative savages!” 

An Indiana member, soon after the termina¬ 
tion of the Civil War, compared the fallen con¬ 
dition of Virginia with Indiana’s prosperity. 
The Virginian was quick to respond. “Where,” 
he exclaimed, “I ask you, under the bright sun, 
is there a more genial climate, a more fertile 
soil, a more delightful region than Old Vir¬ 
ginia ? Where, oh! where rolls the rivulet more 
gently. Where, oh! where do the zephyrs blow 
so refreshingly? “You refer to Harper’s 

92 


LEGISLATIVE BURLESQUE. 

Ferry,” said an unsympathetic voice; and the 
rivulet and zephyrs ceased flowing and blowing. 

During one of the many debates on the Phil¬ 
ippine question one member in characterizing 
another’s mania for expansion, remarked that 
he anticipated the introduction of a bill, “To 
cart the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific 
Ocean,” to make more territory there. 

Some of the speeches reported in the Con¬ 
gressional Record contain some wonderful 
word pictures. The following is a fair sample: 
“The crack of our rifle is being heard on the 
mountains of Oregon, reverberating from the 
Rocky Mountains across the valley of the Mis¬ 
sissippi to the Alleghanies, thence sweeping 
across the Atlantic Ocean, and finding its rest¬ 
ing-place on the shores of Europe.” Quite a 
crack, that. 

The manner in which a witticism is rendered 
often makes the fling doubly effective. Sheri¬ 
dan said that a joke in Lord Lauderdale’s 
mouth was no laughing matter. Bolingbroke 
said that in comedy the best actor plays the 
part of the droll, while some scrub represents 


A .B.Wa II § fa, M-C-M. J. 
and his little Ball. 



93 


THE CAPITAL. 


the hero. In this farce of life >vise men pass 
their time in mirth, while fools only are seri¬ 
ous. 

The easy repartee, the stinging witticism, the 
merciless jibe which too often pass for humor 
are not comparable with burlesque which 
weaves a contrast between the subject and the 
manner of treating it. 

What an exquisite bit of burlesque was the 
retort of a Senator from South Carolina in 
answer to a taunt from a fellow member. 
“Why sir,” he exclaimed, “one of the Senator’s 
Sempronian speeches would raise a spirit that 
would induce the people of his section to charge 
a British fleet on horseback.” 

A somewhat belicose military member who 
had made a particularly flamboyant speech was 
described by a fellow member as having 
marched with his sword dangling from his 
boots, and his spurs securely buckled around 
his waist. This was so palpably burlesque that 
it was even relished by the victim. 

Our best Revolutionary humorist, Franklin, 
employed allegory and story, as a vehicle for 


94 


LEGISLATIVE BURLESQUE. 


his burlesque. That there is not more of it 
recorded is due to the fact that there were no 
stenographers to seize upon and perpetuate it. 

Proctor Knott's Duluth speech was proba¬ 
bly the greatest bit of legislative burlesque ever 
delivered in Congress. He was not an active 
member and his speech created surprise be¬ 
cause he spoke rarely. When he took the floor 
on this occasion he was only accorded ten-min¬ 
utes. He started by saying that his facilities 
for getting time were so poor that, if he were 
standing on the brink of perdition, and the 
sands were crumbling under his feet, he could 
not in that body get time enough to say the 
Lord's Prayer. 

The St. Croix and Bayfield Road Bill asked 
for a portion of the public domain. He dis¬ 
avowed any more concern in the bill than in an 
orange-grove on the bleakest summit of Green¬ 
land's icy mountains. 

“Years ago," he exclaimed, “when I first 
heard that there was somewhere in the vast 
terra incognita, somewhere in the bleak regions 
of the great Northwest, a stream of water 

Jr 

95 



F.L.S.Dershe m,MX. 
Ife Drummer M.c. 



THE CAPITAL. 



known to the nomadic inhabitants of the neigh¬ 
borhood as the river St. Croix, I became satis¬ 
fied that the construction of a railroad from 
that raging torrent to some point in the civil¬ 
ized world was essential to the happiness and 
prosperity of the American people, if not abso¬ 
lutely indispensable to the perpetuity of republi¬ 
can institutions on this continent.” 

He dilated upon the value of the lands, which 
he pictured as the Goshen of America. Then 
he was concerned because of the peril of our 
navy rotting in their docks for want of rail¬ 
road communication with the prolific pine- 
thickets of the St. Croix. And then as to the 
proper point of connection with the teeming 
pine-barrens, and finally mentioned “Duluth! 
the Zenith City of the Unsalted Seas!” 

“Duluth! Twas the name for which my soul 
had panted for years,” he exclaimed. “But 
where was Duluth? I was certain the 
draughtsman of this bill had never heard of it, 
or it would have been designated as one of the 
termini of this road. I asked my friends about 
it, but they knew nothing of it. I rushed to the 


96 



■ 




.amwaMoa aajTA hot a taa 






SENATOR ATLEE POMERENE. 


Atlas of yore, bore the World upon his broad 
shoulders. The modern Atlas lives in Ohio where 
he is known as Atlee. The burden he bears is a 
little world of politics which contains more vari- 
ties of politicians than old Atlas ever dreamt of. 
Having produced four National Executives within 
a short period, she is now known as the step¬ 
mother of Presidents, and Senator Atlee would 
like to increase the number. His motto is—“Put 
your shoulder to the World, and push.” 































Mi 




it- 1 . 




I •» u 

s 

i-/ 









THE CAPITAL. 


library and examined all the maps I could find. 
I discovered in one of them a delicate, hair-like 
line, diverging from the Mississippi near a 
place marked Prescott, which I supposed was 
intended to represent the river St. Croix, but I 
could nowhere find Duluth.” 

“Nevertheless, I was confident it existed 
somewhere and that its discovery would consti¬ 
tute the crowning glory of the present century. 
In fact, I was overwhelmed with the convic¬ 
tion that Duluth not only existed somewhere, 
but that, wherever it was, it was a great and 
glorious place. *1 was convinced that the great¬ 
est calamity that ever befell the benighted na¬ 
tions of the ancient world was in their having 
passed away without a knowldge of the actual 
existence of Duluth; that their fabled Atlantis, 
never seen save by the hallowed vision of in¬ 
spired poesy, was, in fact, but another name for 
Duluth; that the golden orchards of the Hes- 
perides was but a poetical synonym for the beer- 
gardens in the vicinity of Duluth. I was cer¬ 
tain that Herodotus had died a miserable death 
because in all his travels he had never heard of 


98 


LEGISLATIVE BURLESQUE. 




Duluth. I knew that if the immortal spirit of 
Homer could look down from another heaven 
he would weep tears of bitter anguish that, in¬ 
stead of lavishing all the stores of his mighty 
genius upon the fall of Ilion, it had not been 
his more blessed lot to crystallize in deathless 
song the rising glories of Duluth.” 

“If you will examine if, you will find Duluth 
not only in the centre of the map, but repre¬ 
sented in the centre of a series of concentric 
circles one hundred miles apart, and some of 
them as much as four thousand miles in diam¬ 
eter, embracing alike in their tremendous 
sweep the fragrant savannahs of the sunlit 
South and the eternal solitudes of snow that 
mantles the ice-bound North. Duluth is so 
exactly in the centre of the visible universe that 
the sky comes down at precisely the same dis¬ 
tance all around it.” 

After describing with great minuteness the 
convenience with which the Indians could drive 
the buffaloes into Duluth, he continued, “I 
think I see them now, a vast herd, with heads 
down, eyes glaring, nostrils dilated, tonques 



99 


THE CAPITAL. 


out, and tails curled over their backs, tearing 
along toward Duluth, with a thousand Piegans 
on their grass-bellied ponies yelling at their 
heels! On they come! And as they sweep 
past the Creeks, they too join in the chase, and 
away they all go, yelling, bellowing, ripping 
and tearing along, amidst clouds of dust, until 
the last buffalo is safely penned in the stock- 
yards of Duluth.” 

This burlesque made Proctor Knott famous 
in a day. Thousands sent for the document 
and scarcely a paper of note in the country 
failed to print it in full. It was admittedly the 
greatest piece of satire ever delivered on the 
floor of Congress. 


100 


CHAPTER VII 


THE PRESIDENT. 



is greater than a King. So thinks 
the good American. Any degen¬ 
erate, imbecile or incompetent can be 
King—if he's born right. A man to 


President of the United States 


be President must stand the scrutiny of millions 
of his fellow beings; must come through the fire 
of convention and election unscathed to render 
him fit for this great position. He must be a 
paragon of all the political virtues to ascend 
the throne of a Republic. But there is such a 
thing as having too much of a good thing, and 
that is probably why he is never elected to a 
third term. 

It is the only position within the gift of the 
people wherein the office seeks the man, for it 
invariably eludes the man who seeks it. 

Henry Clay once remarked that he would 
rather be right than be President—and he was 


left. 


The people take the greatest pains to select 
the most exceptional man for this exalted po- 


101 








THE CAPITAL. 



sition, and then immediately after inaugura¬ 
tion proceed to abuse him. Thomas Jefferson 
writes: “President Washington was ex¬ 

tremely affected by the attacks made and kept 
up on him in the public papers. At a Cabinet 
meeting he was much inflamed; got into one of 
those passions when he cannot control himself; 
ran on much of the personal abuse which had 
been bestowed upon him; that he would rather 
be in his grave than in his present situation.” 

The abuse that was heaped upon Abraham 
Lincoln by the partisan press is too recent and 
too well known to need recapitulation here. 

“When a President-elect takes the oath of 
office on inauguration day he indentures himself 
for four years of the heaviest servitude that 
can befall the lot of any mortal. A President, 
equal to his oath, is both King and Premier, 
reigning and ruling, bowed down by the crown 
of authority and encompassed by the sombre 
mantel of responsibility.” Thus wrote Wood- 
row Wilson in his early years, and now he is 
experiencing the fact that the political Ameri¬ 
can beauty rose—the Presidency— has many 



102 















■ -• ' • 

' • 

• . ' - i : ■ ii -■ : ?•* " 



• i 

>>-5 Sii IgrirLv S 3VJ>V b: .OvV 

v;r;i 



MEPHISTO. 


The devil is not as black as he is painted—he’s 
sometimes yellow. This particular Mephisto has 
tried to play the devil with the present administra¬ 
tion—but it is only play. His motto is—“Every 
tale should have a sting at the end—likewise 
every tail.” 








THE CAPITAL. 




sharp thorns. He is held responsible for bad 
business seasons. Office seekers swarm upon 
him like a plague of locusts. Hordes of in¬ 
consequential people descend upon him to shake 
his hand until his fingers ache. He is roundly 
abused by the press for the appointments he 
makes and as mercilessly condemned for those 
he doesn’t make; and too frequently the vicious 
assassin’s pistol makes it necessary for the Vice 
President to take his place—perhaps this is why 
lie is called the “Vice” President. 

The most reprehensible custom connected 
with the Presidency is the ridiculous hand¬ 
shaking habit. It led to the assassination of 
President McKinley. What is needed is a man 
who on entering the White House as President 
will serve notice that he will not yield to the 
vanity of promiscuous handshakes, but will re¬ 
turn to the sensible custom of that estimable 
gentleman and practicable believer in democ¬ 
racy, George Washington, whose place in the 
hearts of his countrymen was not won by al¬ 
lowing every American who happened along to 
^ squeeze his thoroughly capable hand. 


104 




THE PRESIDENT. 


There are some queer customs connected 
with the selection of the Persident. He is never 
notified of his election. Neither the Federal 
Constitution nor the Electoral Count act makes 
any provision for notifying or issuing to him a 
commission certifying his election. 

He does not even receive from the President 
of the Senate and the Speaker of the House 
a certified copy of the proceedings of the joint 
meeting of the two bodies at which certificates 
of the electoral votes of the several States are 
opened and counted. Nor is any one of either 
body appointed to wait upon him and notify 
him of the result. Some kind of commission is 
issued to all other officers of the Government, 
but the President has no official document as 
evidence of his election—if we except the sal¬ 
ary-check he receives at the end of the first 
month of his term—money talks. 

At the White House no soldier walks his beat 
before the entrance, to guard the President, as 
before the palaces of Kings and Emporers in 
other lands. During the dark days of the Civil 
War a soldier was assigned to this duty. One 


105 


THE CAPITAL. 


stormy night President Lincoln emerged from 
the executive mansion on his way to the War 
Department. As a chilly blast struck him he 
noticed the sentry pacing on duty. Turning 
to him he said: 

“Young man, you’ve got a cold job tonight; 
step inside and stand guard there.” 

“My orders keep me outside,” the soldier re¬ 
plied as he resumed his beat. 

“Hold on there!” exclaimed Mr. Lincoln, “I 
am Commander-in-Chief of the army, and I 
order you to go inside.” 

A broad smile suffused his kindly face as he 
saw his order obeyed. 

The President by reason of his arduous 
duties in deciding questions involving the hap¬ 
piness of thousands, or even the welfare of the 
nation, is compelled to work from twelve to 
fourteen hours a day. 

The present incumbent of the White House, 
Woodrow Wilson, has been aptly termed 
“Abraham Lincoln with a college education.” 
His ingenuousness is more disconcerting to 
self-seekers and monopolists than any outburst 


106 


THE PRESIDENT. 


of thunderous denunciation could possibly be. 
His rare plainness and simplicity of speech 
makes his position dynamic. He has the repu¬ 
tation of being what plain pleople call “a very 
smart man.” But he refuses to rely upon his 
smartness. His main reliance is his teachable 
and disinterested sanity. His mind is singu¬ 
larly open. Therein lies his power. If what 
he had written in his early years is not in con¬ 
formity with facts later obtained, then is the 
first view discarded for the new. 

His careless and unrestrained directness of 
speech makes hosts of friends amongst those 
who scorn demagoguery. Not in a generation 
has a man come to the Presidency with any¬ 
thing like the daredevil democracy of spirit 
which Woodrow Wilson displays. \ 

If the scholar has broken into politics, what 1 
a fortunate thing for the Republic, that, just as = , 
the predatory interests were gaining an ascend¬ 
ancy over the country, there should come from 
the schools such a militant scholar with not 
only ability, but also the courage to cope with 
these merciless oppressors of the people. 


THE GAPITAL. 


The pay of the President seems small when 
compared with the big sums paid to the rulers 
of foreign countries, yet it is a goodly sum. 
There has never been an occasion, however, in 
which the office was declined because the pay 
was meagre. From Washington to Grant the 
salary was $25,000. It was then raised to 
$50,000, where it rested until Taft was inaug¬ 
urated, when it was lifted to $75,000. During 
Roosevelt’s term $25,000 was voted for travel¬ 
ing expenses. Direct salary, however, is only 
a part of the emolument of the President. A 
heated and lighted residence is his to occupy, 
the repairs to which are defrayed by Uncle Sam, 
who also cares for the grounds surrounding. 
The President is in addition supplied with extra 
servants, with china, stationery, and flowers 
for his table. 

As Commander-in-Chief of the Army he 
is entitled to forage for eight horses, which can 
be traded for gasoline if he so desires. If his 
fancy runs to the sea, a yacht is at his service 
to command. Take it all in all it is quite a good 


108 





.BCLVLA J 

-V-/' to B'*J' . ’ 0 f ysfcnsiwy \ 1 K . ;nV- 

-moD SJfitaWd! iir ' CV: ' ,f^8k; ( 8bs 

,*>nsbjjfrBoiUrt 3*>y i '• ;i ..ri;J ,:i9m 

■ 

. 



















SENATOR FRANCIS G. NEWLANDS. 


When Senator Newlands, the Orpheus of Nev¬ 
ada, plays an Intermezzo on his Interstate Com¬ 
merce Lyre, he makes the rebating railroads dance, 
and the Predatory Trusts Turkey trot a quick-step 
in the direction of the public pillory. Originally 
a 16 to 1 silverite, he is now an 18 karat Progres¬ 
sive. His motto is—“Every Trust should get a 
Reno divorce from Wall Street.” 






















































































THE CAPITAL. 



JOHN ADAMS 


job, from a pecuniary point of view—in these 
days of costly living. 

There is a legend in Washington which re¬ 
lates that a certain President of frugal pro¬ 
pensities was so succesful in his economies that 
when his term of office expired he departed 
from the White House with his full four 
years' salary intact, having actually succeeded 
in living through his term upon the interest on 
his wages. 

What disposition to make of ex-Presidents 
has long been a vexed question. Why the 
Constitution never friade any provision to profit 
by the services of men who had served the 
country as Chief Executives, has been inex¬ 
plicable to many. That such a man shall not 
have a third term, however, seems to be defi¬ 
nitely settled now after many days. 

Petty jealousies seem to possess those who 
stand nearest to the President. What John 
Adams thought of Washington’s mental pow¬ 
ers is illusrated by the story of his shaking his 
fist at a portrait of the Father of this Country 
and exclaiming in his shrill, squeaky voice, “If 


110 


THE PRESIDENT. 

that wooden-headed man had not kept his 
mouth shut he would have been found out.” 
Secretary Edwin M. Stanton was too small a 
man to properly appreciate the great Abraham 
Lincoln and on one occasion referred to him 
as “the baboon in the White House.” Every 
President has to stand this sort of thing—it 
seems to be a penalty for being great—“The 
spurn that patient merit of the unworthy 
takes.” 



111 


CHAPTER VIII 


THE WHITE HOUSE. 



7 O obliterate the marks caused by the 
fire which burned down the Exec- 
A _ utive Mansion in 1814, the rebuilt 
structure was painted white. This 
fire was the dastardly work of the 
British soldiers who viewed war as a means 
of wreaking spite and malice on inoffensive 
buildings. The Goths and Vandals pursued 
war after this fashion when they captured an¬ 
cient Rome;—but they were barbarians. 

Fifteen years previous to this act of vandal¬ 
ism, in 1799, George Washington had walked 
through its rooms on a tour of inspection and 
expressed himself as being greatly pleased at 
the outcome of his dearly cherished plans, little 
dreaming that they were so soon to fall a prey 
to an ungenerous foe. 

The mansion was modeled after the resi¬ 
dence of the Duke of Leinster, near Dublin, by 
the architect James Hoban, and the corner¬ 
stone was laid by Washington himself. It is 


112 







THE WHITE HOUSE. 


reconstructed of Virginia freestone, painted 
white ; hence the name, White House. 

How talismanic and mystic a meaning the 
words “White House” have for the average 
American. The most august and pretentious 
imperial palace in a monarchial country does 
not possess a fraction of the pride and fascina¬ 
tion for the subject of a crown, to that pos¬ 
sessed by the citizen of the republic for the 
plain, unpretentious building on Pennsylvania 
avenue. 

The reason for this is probably due to its 
democratic character, and its accessibility to the 
common people; and furthermore to the senti¬ 
ment that no obstacle of birth, nor hinderance 
of environment can thwart the ambition of the 
humble citizen to attain this high station in 
this land of opportunity. 

“From the cabin to the White House,” rings 
familiar to all aspiring youth, who are thus 
stimulated and inspired with the thought that 
the road to the White House is open and free 
to any boy in the land. As for the girls—until 
female suffrage becomes an assured fact, there 


113 


THE CAPITAL. 


is no bar nor hindrance to their marrying a 
future President;—what! 

Although thoroughly democratic in a broad 
sense, the White House visitors will find that 
there are sharply drawn lines of distinction at 
public receptions. Your social status is usu¬ 
ally determined by your rank in official circles. 
Rank may be but the “guinea’s stamp,” never¬ 
theless it is the thing that makes you pass cur¬ 
rent at the White House receptions, and the 
promptitude with which you are admitted to 
these semi-social functions is largely due to the 
eminence of your official rank;—if you are a 
rank outsider, then outside you remain. 

The political spellbinder, wishing to strike a 
popular chord often grandiloquently lauds the 
rank and file. You will better understand his 
reference after yo.u have visited Washington 
and attended one of the big public receptions 
at the Executive Mansion. There you will find 
“Rank” inside the gates; while outside, the 
“file” will be found to extend many blocks in 
length on Pennsylvania avenue awaiting its 
turn to enter within the sacred precincts of the 


114 


THE WHITE HOUSE. 


big white mansion to greet His Excellency, the 
President. 

These public receptions are very amusing if 
viewed in the proper light. The crowds as¬ 
semble early in the day in the vicinity of the 
White House grounds. They gather about the 
entrance to the Army and Navy building, where 
the army and navy officers assemble prepara¬ 
tory to their march across the street to the 
President's reception. In the interior the 
crowd patiently awaits hour after hour the ap¬ 
pearance of the high-steppers in gold-lace who 
hold commands in the Army and Navy. With 
bated breath they gasp in admiration at the 
brilliant uniforms and clanking accoutrements 
of Uncle Sam's fighting men. In the meantime 
the people have formed a line which extends 
from the north gate of the White House 
grounds, to many blocks up Pennsylvania ave¬ 
nue impatiently awaiting the signal to advance. 

Inside the White House a different scene is 
being enacted. Here you will find the Presi¬ 
dent, with a smile that never comes off, sur¬ 
rounded by all the great dignitaries at the Cap- 




115 


AT 

THE 











































SENATOR ALBERT B. CUMMINS. 

Senator Cummins is the Horatius of the Pro¬ 
gressive Party’s bridge; in fact, as an Insurgent, 
he was one of the builders of the bridge that 
spans the ditch between the G. O. P. and the 
Progressive’s Fortress. The ‘‘Iowa Idea” that 
Cummins is the coming man in a Hawk-eye-tem 
worth more than a passing notice. His motto is— 
“A presidential bee in the bonnet is worth two in 
the hand.” 



4 




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v 


. 







THE WHITE HOUSE. 


ital. They greet him severally and in turn, 
preserving the utmost decorum and dignity 
while saluting him in the most formally polite 
manner. 

The Maine Band is playing its choicest music 
in which selections from Chopin, Mendelsohn, 
and Mascagni predominate—the rag-time 
pieces are held in reserve for the common-peo¬ 
ple who are clamoring outside. Segregated 
into small groups the exalted and superior 
brands of humanity quietly and reservedly 
greet each other in subdued tones. The dis- 
tingushing lines are easily discerned. Supreme 
Court Justices, with great solemnity vouchsafe 
dignified bows of recognition to eminent legal 
lights; Cabinet Ministers nod to Foreign am¬ 
bassadors; Senators greet Senators and Con¬ 
gressmen affiliate with their colleagues. A 
general air of polite urbanity prevails and the 
atmosphere seems charged with the electricity 
of eminence and refinement. 

To supplement this scene the Lady of the 
White House, surrounded by a bevy of sweet 
faced girls is playing host to a crush of fern- 




117 


THE CAPITAL. 


ininity. Hour after hour is passed in bestowing 
pleasant smiles and friendly greetings upon 
the seemingly endless throngs as they surge 
and flow through the great reception room. 

An unusual commotion is heard at the great 
doorway. The word has been given to admit 
the multitudes. The Band changes its tune. 
The President braces up. Here they come! 
There majesties, the people. “Don’t push! 
don’t shove!—There are only some seven thou¬ 
sands of us.” In they swarm to the tune of 
a popular rag-time air which the Band’ has 
started to play. Maine has linked arms with 
Arizona. They became acquainted during the 
long wait on Pennsylvania avenue. When they 
come together, as they sometimes do in pro¬ 
miscuous gatherings, they are brothers, al¬ 
though their habitations may be miles apart. 
Look at the big muscular hand of that tall 
Missourian! Watch him make the President 
wince when he grips his hand. He’s such a 
staunch friend and admirer and ’tis the only 
way he knows how to show his admiration. 

Their mothers, wives and sweethearts are 


118 


THE WHITE HOUSE. 


with them in the line. “Ladies to the front, 
there!—We’d have you know we’re from a 
Suffrage State.” The Suffrage states are now 
a recognized quantity, just as Prohibition 
states formerly were. 

An hour has passed and still they come. 
The President looks wearied and his smile ap¬ 
pears forced. But he has braced himself for 
this ordeal and he means to see it through. 
“What’s the matter?” a sudden halt in the line 
—oh, nothing. Only another suspicious look¬ 
ing character spotted by a secret service detec¬ 
tive. They are examining this fellow, however. 
They “frisk” him—which in detective parlance 
means, search him for concealed weapons. 
They find a loaded revolver on this one; whisk 
him out of the line and lug him off to jail. 
Another lunatic has been frustrated in an at¬ 
tempt at assassination. 

What an absurd custom is this practice of 
hand-shaking at the White House. The pres¬ 
ent President very properly frowns upon it. 
Washington never countenanced it. The peo¬ 
ple in his time had more consideration for the 




119 



THE CAPITAL. 


man and the high position in which they had 
placed him than to jeopardize his life or stul¬ 
tify his high office. 

There is nothing particularly conducive to 
democracy in the spectacle of several thousands 
of people crowding into the White House to 
inflict themselves upon the Chief Executive in 
an effort to please their vanities. How about 
the rest of the ninety millions of Americans 
who cannot be present at these receptions, but 
who nevertheless cherish an equal feeling of 
admiration for him, and just as sincere a ven¬ 
eration for the high office he occupies as do 
the swarms of visitors who invade the pre¬ 
cincts of the Executive Mansion in an effort to 
show their appreciation of the President by 
squeezing his good right hand. 



120 





CHAPTER IX 


THE MAN IN THE WHITE HOUSE. 



‘ FIERCE light beats upon a throne 
but a fiercer light illumines the 
Presidential chair. It is usually Lese 
Majeste to print all the news which 
emanates from a palace, whereas it 
is considered loose newspaper work not to 
print every scrap of gossip that leaks from the 
White House. Everybody is curious about the 
President. When a man like Woodrow Wil¬ 
son is catapuled into the Presidency, who a 
few years ago was the head of a university 
whose chief claim to fame was based on the 
excellent reputation of its football team, then 
the curiosity of the people respecting his per¬ 
sonality is simply unquenchable. 

After scrutinizing his picture in the public 
prints everybody is eager to know what man¬ 
ner of man he is. Is he cold? Is he pedantic 
and unapproachable? Is he a bookworm with 
a liking only for dry and dusty volumes? 

When they first learn that he has attended 


121 


















WOODROW WILSON. 


A school-master is in the White House. His 
school is in the Capitol where he has many pupils. 
His scholars are very obedient. The teacher loves 
his pupils—when they are good. When they are 
bad, he reads messages to them. His most faithful 
scholar is Willie Bryan, who used to be a teacher 
himself. Now Willie leads the class in singing 
“How we love our teacher.” Professor Woodrow 
has many mottoes. His favorite aphorism is— 
“The A B C of politics is taught in the Primary.” 






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THE MAN IN THE WHITE HOUSE. 


a base-ball game and acted the part of an en¬ 
thusiastic fan they are pleased. When they 
hear about him breaking precedents by reading 
his message to Congress, and conferring with 
the Senators at the Capitol, they begin to real¬ 
ize that the new President is a human being 
after all; a thing of flesh and blood, and not a 
parchment imitation. 

The one, dominant quality of Woodrow Wil¬ 
son is his thorough democracy, his unaffected 
simplicity. He has a big task and he knows 
it. He occupies an exalted position but he is 
not unduly dazzled by it. Working under a 
Constitution delicately adjusted with a system 
of checks and counterchecks instituted by men 
envious of each other, the brakes often clog the 
machinery of government and impair its 
action. Having made a life study of the Con¬ 
stitution he knows its limitations. “Writing 
maketh an exact man,” said Lord Bacon. 
Woodrow Wilson has written much. He is 
exact. When he read his tariff message in¬ 
stead of having a reading clerk drone it out to 
an uninterested and inattentive Congress, he 


M. 


123 


THE CAPITAL. 


knew of the latitude afforded by the Constitu¬ 
tion and hesitated not to avail himself of it. 
He wants his administration to succeed and he 
goes to work in a perfectly natural manner to 
accomplish success. The men in Congress are 
the ones to pass the laws before he can proceed 
to execute them. Consequently he talks to 
them just as a football coach would talk to 
his team before sending it out on the gridiron. 

He is not disconcerted by the precedents that 
surround him. They amuse him. Every time 
he does a natural and rational thing he finds 
he breaks a precedent. But that doesn’t deter 
him from being natural. 

He often goes to his private secretary’s house 
to find recreation with the six beautiful chil¬ 
dren there. This constitutes a breach of prec¬ 
edent, which decrees that a President may not 
call at a private house. 

He is a most excellent stenographer; his 
shorthand characters look like copper-plate. 
When he reads a book he frequently makes 
shorthand notes as he goes along. His inaug¬ 
ural address was written in shorthand before 


124 


THE MAN IN THE WHITE HOUSE. 


it was typewritten, and furthermore, it was 
typewritten by himself. 

Washingtonians have become quite familiar 
with him as a walker. With his head thrown 
back and shoulders squared he swings along at 
a gait that proclaims the man in perfect phys¬ 
ical condition. It would be difficult to find a 
more graceful pedestrian. 

One peculiarity that stands out markedly is 
his fondness for new stories and the man who 
can tell him a fresh, newly-coined witticism is 
his friend. He has a strong penchant for good 
limericks and will recite one on the slightest 
provocation. This is a heritage of college days 
which he has never grown out of. In short he 
will recite an apt limerick, tell a good story, 
or sing a song with all the gust of a youth of 
twenty or so. 

Like Lincoln, he has a keen sense of humor 
and is fond of illustrating a point by means of 
an apt anecdote. Having a dry, crisp way of 
bringing out the points, and eyes that glint with 
expressiveness, his stories always gain in effec¬ 
tiveness by his rendition. Gifted with a re- 


125 


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A. MITCHELL PALMER, M. C. 

The task of Sisyphus was*to roll a round stone 
to the top of a hill. But when near the top, the 
stone always rolled back again. The Pennsylvania 
Sisyphus is of a different type,-—the Woodrow 
Wilson pattern. He has resolved to roll that old 
Penn. State stone to the top and make it stay 
there. When the Keystone State gets on top 
she’ll be content,—but not corrupt. 








THE MAN IN THE WHITE HOUSE. 


markable memory his repertoire is apparently 
inexhaustible. Once told an ordinarily com¬ 
monplace narrative he will clothe it in his in¬ 
imitable English and transform it into a most 
entertaining story. 

Being very fond of nonsense verse, he oc¬ 
casionally indulges in versified gibes at what 
he is pleased to term his own shortcomings. 
Having a notion that he is possessed of a home¬ 
ly face, which is far from true, he composed 
the following. 

“For beauty Tm not a star, 

There are others more handsome by far; 

But my face, I don't mind it; 

You see, I’m behind it, 

It's the people in front that I jar!" 

This is all right as a pleasantry, but it need 
not be taken literally. He has the best face of 
any President since Lincoln. There is some¬ 
thing almost fascinating about it. While it is 
the face of a student, it indicates an exception¬ 
ally broad mind in combination with a singu¬ 
larly kind and sympathetic nature. At the first 
inquisitive scrutiny his face seems lacking in 


127 


THE CAPITAL. 


sympathy, but upon closer examination it takes 
on an indefinable attractiveness that is hard to 
understand until you annalize it. Then it will 
be seen that the broad forehead, reposeful eyes, 
well shaped nose, make the face of an intellec¬ 
tual. But it is the mouth in this characterful 
countenance that gives it unusual strength. It 
is a mouth worth studying. With lips un¬ 
yielding, cold and deliberate, and apparently 
merciless, until you look into the kindly eyes. 
It is a mouth that denotes a nature that will 
not fail in emergencies. Woodrow Wilson’s 
character is clearly reflected in his face—“a 
face to jar”—those that need jarring. 



128 





CHAPTER X 


THE CAPITOL. 



grand architectural pile which 
shelters the two wings of Congress 
is easily the most conspicuous and 
imposing edifice in the Federal city. 
Its situation is superb. No matter 
from which direction Washington is ap¬ 
proached the white dome of the Capitol is the 
first sight to gladden the eye. 

It is singularly appropriate that the Federal 
city should be built upon the banks of the Poto¬ 
mac, which in Indian is “Potowmak,” and 
means “The river of the meeting of the tribes.” 

A. R. Spofiford, who was Librarian .of Con¬ 
gress for many years, relates that “Washing¬ 
ton, with that consummate judgment which dis¬ 
tinguished his career, fixed upon just the one 
spot in the entire range of territory prescribed 
by Congress which commanded the three-fold 
advantages of unfailing tidewater navigation, 
convenient access from Baltimore and the other 
large cities northward, and superb natural 


129 









THE CAPITAL. 




sites, alike for public buildings and for the 
varied wants of a populous city.” 

When the Capitol site was selected it was 
found to belong to an Irishman named Daniel 
Carroll, who readily parted with it when in¬ 
formed of the use to which it was to be put. 
It was quite different, however, when the com¬ 
missioners came to bargain for the adjoining 
land which belonged to a Scotchman named 
David Burns, and who refused to part with it 
at any price. To Washington’s most patriotic 
appeals he was adamant, and is said to have 
irritably replied: “If it had not been for the 
Widow Custis and her niggers, you would 
never have been anything but a land surveyor.” 

On March 30th, 1791, nineteen of the propri¬ 
etors of the land required to build the city, 
signed an agreement to sell their property for 
£25 per acre, to be paid by the public. 

It is interesting to note that at this time 
Philadelphia was the metropolis of the country 
with a population of 45,000 inhabitants. New’ 
York had 35,000; Boston, 20,000; Charleston, 
16,000; and Baltimore 15,000. 


130 


THE CAPITOL. 

All honor is due the young French engineer, 
Major Pierre Charles L’Enfant, who planned 
the city so well. In his report which he handed 
personally to Washington on 'March 26th, 
1791, he writes, 

“The country is level to that part terminating 
in a ridge a half a mile off from the river Po- 
towmak—from these height every grand build¬ 
ing would rear with a majestick aspect over 
the country all round and might advantageous¬ 
ly be seen from twenty miles off, and facing on 
the grandest prospect to the Potowmack, where 
a majestick colum, or a grand Pyramid being 
erected would produce the happyest effect and 
completely finish the landskape.” 

President Washington planned that the Halls 
of Congress should be placed at a sufficient 
distance from the Executive Mansion to pre¬ 
clude the possibility of too frequent visits of 
Congressmen. But he overlooked a few trifles 
in the way of future inventions of those re¬ 
morseless devourers of distances—Automo¬ 
biles, Telephones, Wireless Telegraphy and 
Aeroplanes. 



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131 




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SENATOR THEODORE E. BURTON. 


“Peace hath her victories no less than war.” So 
thinks Senator Burton, of Ohio, who is President 
of the American Peace Society. As a figure of 
“Peace” he stands unique. The Senator is an 
accomplished after-dinner speaker. His post¬ 
prandial masterpiece is an eloquent plea for peace 
with all the world—except the tribe of Bull Moose. 
His motto is—“Let us have peace, even though 
we have to fight for it.” 





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THE CAPITOL. 


Nor did he anticipate the day when some 
future Executive would find it expedient to 
“carry the war into Africa” in a laudable effort 
to find a few senegambians lurking in some leg¬ 
islative wood-pile. 

To the east of the proposed Capitol was a 
broad plateau on which it was expected that 
the finest part of the future city would be built. 
But the real estate speculators gobbled up all 
of this territory and builders were forced, by 
their exhorbitant demands, to seek cheaper 
land in the rear. This is the reason the Capitol 
has got her back turned to the more important 
part of the city, or as Gen. Ben Butler once 
remarked “She's Mary Ann in front and Queen 
Anne in the rear.” 

The design for the edifice was conceived by 
Dr. William Thornton, who submitted a water- 
color sketch to the President, who at once gave 
it his hearty approval, and on September the 
18th, 1793, he laid the cornerstone in the pres¬ 
ence of the Free Masons, the militia, volunteer 
firemen and a number of civic associations 
which existed in the young city at that early 
date. 



133 



M- Clyde K.eDfly 
Keystone .State M. C 



“WEBSTER- 


THE CAPITAL. 

The exterior walls of the building are of 
yellow sandstone from the banks of Acquia 
creek. The bricks were burned in kilns upon 
the spot, and the timber was cut from the ad¬ 
joining hills. 

After many viscissitudes, during which the 
architects were changed several times, the 
building was sufficiently far advanced for oc¬ 
cupancy in October of 1800, for the Federal 
Government to move from Philadelphia and 
take formal possession. 

Fourteen years later, the British captured 
the city, and tried to burn it to the ground, and 
we’ve had a grudge against John Bull ever 
since. 

On July 4th, 1851, President Millard‘Fill¬ 
more laid the corner-stone of the new wings of 
the Capitol, on which occasion Daniel Webster 
delivered a masterly oration, which'was said to 
have been one of the most eloquent and compre¬ 
hensive in his long career. 

If the patient reader likes dry figures let him 
(or her) contemplate the following—The 
building covers nearly four acres of ground, 


134 


THE CAPITOL. 


being seven hundred and fifty feet in length and 
three hundred and fifty feet in width. The 
massive dome was completed in 1865. It is 
constructed of iron plates so arranged that they 
slide smoothly, one upon the other with the 
expansion and contraction consequent upon the 
varying temperatures to which they are sub¬ 
jected, folding and unfolding like a gigantic 
coat of mail. The weight of this enormous 
quantity of iron is estimated at approximately 
Nine million pounds, exclusive of the Fifteen 
thousand pound statue of Miss Liberty which 
surmounts the structure. 

The female suffragists should experience 
some degree of satisfaction at the spectacle of 
woman being placed on such a high plane at the 
nation’s capital—over three hundred feet above 
the ground. 

A sad reminiscence of the early days of the 
Capitol is that contained in a letter from 
Thomas Jefferson concerning the burning of 
the books of the Library of Congress by the 
British soldiers in 1814. Writing from Mon- 
ticello to Congress he said: 




135 


THE CAPITAL. 



“I learn from the newspapers that the van¬ 
dalism of our enemy has triumphed at Wash¬ 
ington, over science as well as the arts, by the 
destruction of the public library, with the noble 
edifice in which it was deposited. You know 
my collection of books. * * * I have been 

fifty years making it, and have spared no pains, 
opportunity or expense, to make it what it now 
is. While residing in Paris, I devoted every 
afternoon I was disengaged, in examining all 
the principal book-stores, turning over every 
book with my own hands, and putting by every¬ 
thing which related to America. * * * The 
collection contained between nine and ten thou¬ 
sand volumes. * * * I wish to make a tender 
of it to the Library Committee of Congress.” 

The entire collection was purchased by Con¬ 
gress for $23,950, and forms the nucleus of the 
present Library. The Library was partly re¬ 
placed, the marks of the fire were partly oblit¬ 
erated, but the sting of the act of vandalism on 
the part of the British soldiers has never been 
wholly eliminated. 

No visitor to the Capitol ever omits to exam- 
136 





SENATOR REED SMOOT. 


In these degenerate days it is refreshing to 
know that we have saints amongst us—Latter day 
saints. St. Smoot, the patron saint of the Utah 
G. O. P., has kept his State true to the faith, 
despite the unholy machinations of the False 
Prophet of Bull Moose. The Senator, being a 
banker is a disciple ©f Mor-mon-ey. His motto 
is—“Plural wives, and Plural voting are entirely 
different propositions.” 


































































THE CAPITAL. 



ine the historical paintings in the rotunda. 
Four of these are the work of John Trumbull, 
the son of Jonathan Trumbull, Revolutionary 
Governor of Connecticut. 

Having been an aide-de-camp to Gen. Wash¬ 
ington, he was unusually well fitted for his 
task by reason of his actual knowledge of the 
revolution and his intimate acquaintance with 
the chief actors in the scenes he depicts. 

While Trumbull was no such painter as 
Meissonier, Detaille, Abbey, or Sargent, never¬ 
theless his work is in the highest degree valu¬ 
able for its wealth of historical data. 

"The Signing of the Declaration of Indepen¬ 
dence” is the best known. It is natural in tone 
and finish, and only a captious critic could find 
fault with it. John Quincy Adams criticized 
it on account of some book which was shown 
lying on the President's table,—but what 
Adams lacked in art knowledge would fill a 
larger book than the one complained of. 

"The Surrender of Burgoyne” is chiefly val¬ 
uable for the carefully painted American Offi¬ 
cers shown in the large picture. In the paint- 

138 


QUBNCY ADAMS • 


THE CAPITOL. 


ing of “The Surrender of Lord Cornwallis” 
Trumbull went to great lengths to secure the 
utmost fidelity to the subject; journeying to 
Paris, and other European cities, to make 
studies of the French Officers who were pres¬ 
ent at Yorktown. Writing from Europe, he 
says; “I made many studies for the Surrender 
of Cornwallis. I drew it over and over again.” 

“Gen. Washington Resigning his Commis¬ 
sion” is a well painted picture, its grouping be¬ 
ing particularly felicitous. Trumbull was su¬ 
perior in his interior scenes. This was prob¬ 
ably due to his associations with Benjamin 
West, whose style he closely followed as a stu¬ 
dent. 

The other four paintings in the Rotunda are 
the work of Weir, Vanderlyn, Powell and 
Chapman. 

“The Embarkation of the Pilgrims,” by 
Robert Weir, is like the people it represents;— 
gloomy, hard and uninteresting. “The Land¬ 
ing of Columbus” is the work of John Van¬ 
derlyn and is a very meritorious painting. 

As much, however, cannot be said for Wm. 



139 


THE CAPITAL. 





B. FRAN KLIN 



H. Powell’s “Discovery of the Mississippi.” 
It has little claim to historical merit, being 
purely fanciful. 

“The Baptism of Pocahontas” should never 
have been placed in the rotunda. The subject 
is not of sufficient importance to warrant such 
conspicuous hanging. Far more appropriate 
would be a spirited portrayal of “Benjamin 
Franklin’s Electrical Experiment,” or “Wm. 
Penn’s Treaty with the Indians,” by any one 
of the talented American artists of today, who 
would undoubtedly be delighted to have the 
opportunity to show how far American art has 
advanced since the first pictures were placed 
beneath the dome of the Capitol. 

A view of the Capitol at night is a thing of 
beauty not soon to be erased from the memory. 
When the beautiful white dome is aglow with 
the powerful electric lights which are cast upon 
it on various festive occasions, its symmetrical 
proportions show finely against the sombre sky 
and darkened foliage of the surrounding park 
which forms just the requisite background to 
complete the most impressive spectacle that can 


140 


THE CAPITOL. 


be conceived; and if you are romantically in¬ 
clined on the occasion, your lively imagination 
will picture the colossal dome as some huge 
law-making beehive, wherein the busy congres¬ 
sional bees are storing honey in the guise of 
beneficient laws for the guidance of the great 
Republic. But the more practical observer will 
only see a great waste of electric light for the 
benefit of a few stragglers who wander about 
the adjacent park after nightfall, while the law¬ 
makers have transferred their energies to the 
lobbies of the hotels, or the reception-rooms of 
residences in the residential quarters of the 
Capitol, over a mile away. 



141 


CHAPTER XI 



THE DOME. 



ANY are the calls for the elevator 


when a climb to the top of the Dome 
of the Capitol is contemplated, for 
in these days of automobiles, trolley- 
cars, and elevators, few walk, and 


1 none climb. There are 365 steps to the top, 
I but a sight of the interior of the big dome well 
; repays the effort required to ascend it, and 
; when the task is accomplished, and you find 
! yourself in the little gallery beneath the big 
lantern, and contemplate the beautiful view of 
. city and country surrounding the Capitol, you 
I won’t regret the tiresome climb it has cost to 
reach it. 

The original dome of the Capitol was con¬ 
structed of wood which nearly burned down 
from an accidental fire in 1851. Four years 
later work was commenced on the present mag¬ 
nificent dome of iron which was erected in its 
place, but it was not completed until ten years 
later. All through the Civil war the work was 
carried on. Even in 1861 when all government 


142 




THE DOME. 


work was suspended the contractors kept 
steadily at their task and put in place the 
1,250,000 pounds of iron castings then upon 
the ground. 

John Ruskin in his work on architecture, 
The Lamp of Truth , says, “It may be perhaps 
permitted to me to assume that true architec¬ 
ture does not admit iron as a constructive ma¬ 
terial.” 

But Ruskin is too fastidious. Would he 
vouchsafe the opinion that bronze is not a 
proper constructive material in true architec¬ 
ture ? Then why should he condemn the use of 
iron? His criticism has b£en the basis of many 
attacks upon the beautiful American Capitol 
building, and they are certainly very unjust. 

The height of the crest of the dome is 307 
feet and six inches. For symetry of outline and 
proportion it has no equal in the world and far 
surpasses in beauty the somewhat similar domes 
of St. Peter's at Rome and St. Paul's in Lon¬ 
don. There is no dome in Europe more grace¬ 
ful in contour or more pleasing in proportions. 

The erection of this great dome called for the 



143 


























































































SEN. THOMAS STERLING, S. D.—SEN. P. J. 

McCUMBER, N. D. 

North and South Dakota are neighbors. Their 
favorite sons, Tommy Sterling and Port McCum- 
ber are schoolmates, attending the same school 
where they imbibe all the rudiments of knowledge 
political as expressed in the three R’s—Regular 
Republican Rule. 







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THE DOME. 


highest type of engineering skill. The massive 
superstructure had to be provided with walls 
trussed, bolted and girded in the most substan¬ 
tial manner. Over 9,000,000 pounds of cast 
iron is used in its contruction. This exerts a 
pressure approximating 1,400 pounds to the 
square foot at the basement floor. The dome; 
is constructed like two gigantic shells, one,^ 
within the other. The outer shell resembles a 
monster metalic shingle roof which expands 
and contracts with the changes in the tem¬ 
perature. Between the two shells a stairway 
winds its tortuous way to the top. At the base 
the diameter measures 135 feet. 

Thirty-six columns support the lower por¬ 
tion of the exterior—one for each State in the 
Union at the time it was designed. At the top 
there are thirteen columns, emblematic of the 
thirteen original States. 

The lantern is fifty feet in height and serves 
a very useful purpose in signalling to the sur¬ 
rounding city that a night session of Congress 
is being held in the Capitol. 

The view of the Capital from the circular 



145 


THE CAPITAL. 




balcony which encompasses the top of the dome 
is exceedingly fine. Looking westward, the 
bright current of the Potomac is seen like a 
shimmer of silver running southward between 
the green shores of Maryland and Virginia. 
Just beyond the river lies historic Arlington 
heights, with the majestic edifice erected by 
George Washington Parke Custis nestling 
amidst its rich foliage. It is now occupied by 
the government and is surrounded by the beau¬ 
tiful cemetery wherein lie over 15,000 Union 
dead. Alexandria city can be plainly seen near 
by. To the northwest, over the roofs of the 
White House and State department buildings, 
rise the picturesque heights of old Georgetown. 
To the north'lies the Soldiers’ home with its 
surrounding park of 750.acres. In closer prox¬ 
imity lies the beautiful Union Station with its 
apparently endless ribbons of bright steel-rails 
which guide the myriads of trains to the Capitol 
city. 

Taken in its entirety it is hard to conceive 
a more beautiful picture than that displayed 
from the top of the Capitol building, but 


146 


THE DOME. 


Charles Dickens wrote in 1842;—It is some¬ 
times called the City of 'Magnificent Distances, 
but it might with greater propriety be termed 
the City of Magnificent Intentions; for it is 
only on taking a bird’s-eye view of it from the 
top of the Capitol, that one can at all compre¬ 
hend the vast designs of its projector, an as¬ 
piring Frenchman. Spacious avenues, that be¬ 
gin in nothing and lead nowhere; streets, mile- 
long, that only want houses, roads, and inhab¬ 
itants ; public buildings, that need but a public 
to be complete; and ornaments of great thor¬ 
oughfares, which, only lack great thorough¬ 
fares to ornament,—are its leading features 
.... such as it is, it is likely tb remain.” 

But in 1865, on a subsequent visit to Wash¬ 
ington, the English writer was heartily 
ashamed of what he had written in 1842. 

The interior of the dome is decorated by a 
huge fresco by Constantino Brumidi. This 
painting, by reason of its great height from 
the observer is designed in heroic proportions. 
It depicts the beatification of the spirit of 
Washington. On his right is Freedom and on 


147 



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ARMED LIBERTY. 


There is a woman high up atop of the Capital 
called, Armed Liberty. She is armed with a sword. 
But the lady is not content. There is a look of 
keen dissatisfaction in her bronzed eye. “Take 
your old corroded sword, I want a ballot!” She 
exclaims. And she won’t be happy till she gets 
it—and then—she’ll most probably cast it into the 
House, or Senate chamber and scare the law¬ 
makers out of a year’s growth. 













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THE DOME. 


his left Victory. Grouped about are thirteen 
beautiful females emblematic of the original 
states. On the banner stretching across the 
picture is inscribed “E Pluribus Unum.” Some 
dark night a female enthusiast may steal into 
the dome with paint-pot and brush and substi¬ 
tute “Votes for Woman” for the back-number 
latin motto. It seems too good an opportunity 
to be overlooked fo** long;—but look out for 
the eagle-eyed Capitol police! 

As you descend the winding stairway you 
will probably notice the lone Capitol policeman 
on guard. This is to circumvent the persistent 
souvenir fiend, who would carry off the entire 
dome if not watched. Tourists in Washington, 
being no different from those in other places, 
have a strong penchant for carrying off any¬ 
thing that is not fa f ened down. Closely akin 
to the souvenir fiend is the autograph crank 
who scribbles his name in public places, and 
who would carve his initials on Armed Liberty 
if he could reach the lady. - 

The big statue was recently scrubbed by a 
score of workmen, who by using a heavy lather 



149 






THE CAPITAL. 

of castile soap and scrubbing brushes removed 
the dust and grime that had covered it Upon 
examination, the seven platinum tips adorning 
her brow were found to be badly damaged by 
lightning bolts, and over $700 worth of the 
precious metal was required to restore them. 
Eternal vigilance is the price of Liberty.— 
Even the elements take a crack at her once in a 
while. 



150 






CHAPTER XII 


THE CAPITOE GUIDE. 

UAVE, alert, and entertaining, the 
Capitol guide is in a class by him¬ 
self—a specimen brick of which 
there is no counterpart. A keen 
judge of human nature, patient and 
accommodating, he is an entertainer as well as 
instructor. When a party of tourists appear 
at the big doorway leading to the rotunda of 
the Capitol it is refreshing to note the celerity 
with which he picks out the strangers. Never 
does he make the mistake of approaching one 
who has been to the Capitol before and conse¬ 
quently not in need of guidance. 

His manner of corailing a requisite number 
to constitute a party is unique. Approaching a 
stranger who is gaping about as if in search of 
information he straightway proceeds to explain 
in a loud voice some distinguishing feature of 
the big rotunda. This always results in gath¬ 
ering a crowd eager to listen to the informa¬ 
tion imparted, and generally the right kind to 
constitute a sight-seeing group for revenue 



151 










THE CAPITAL. 




purposes. After a preliminary preamble re¬ 
garding his qualifications, in which he specifies 
that he is the only simon-pure, regular, author¬ 
ized, and only official guide to the Capitol, and 
for a ridiculously small fee (considering the 
service rendered), he is at their service to 
guide them through the labrymphs of the noble 
edifice, and explain in detail all the historical, 
technical and traditional lore connected with 
the greatest building on the American conti¬ 
nent. 

This preliminary lecture usually has the de¬ 
sired effect and $oon he is to be seen leading 
his charge through the corridors and chambers 
like a hero leading a conquering host. His 
descriptive talks are valuable in the extreme 
and are largely based upon a formula which 
he has committed to memory and which he 
drones out in a monotone, without inflection or 
emphasis of any kind. 

In this manner there follows in rapid suc¬ 
cession, descriptions of statuary, paintings, and 
architecture as the party progresses through 
the building, and never does he flag for an in- 


152 


THE CAPITOL GUIDE. 


slant while there is an entertaining object to 
be shown. 

But it is when he undertakes to demonstrate 
the wonderful acoustic properties of Statuary 
Hall that he is at his best. Directing his group 
of sightseers to assemble compactly around a 
designated spot in the tiled floor, he walks a 
dozen paces to the east, and with his back 
turned to them proceeds to demonstrate the 
echo produced by the peculiar formation of the 
arched ceiling above. This never fails to prove 
sensational. The mysterious sound of the voice 
reverberating from above always mystifies the 
crowd, until the nature of the echo is explained. 

On holidays, when the crowds are large and 
numerous, the guides take diverse routes 
through the building with their various sight¬ 
seeing parties. Occasionally they clash when 
they come unexpectedly in contact with each 
other and then a wordy warfare ensues. “Get 
a move on, there!” shouted one irate guide to 
another who was blocking his way on a stair¬ 
way, with a long-winded description of a big 
painting which had been slashed by some van- 



153 









HENRY T. RAINEY, M. C. 


In early life Congressman Rainey was an expert 
amateur boxer well versed in the “upper-cut” and 
“right hand jolt.” He was known as the boy with 
the “punch.” He still has the “punch,” but he uses 
it in another way now. His motto is—“Trusts are 
hard to knock out, and must be fought without 
gloves.” 






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THE CAPITOL GUIDE. 


dal a few years ago. The groups get mixed 
up in a bad tangle. It resembled nothing so 
much as a mix-up between two old hens con¬ 
voying their respective broods about a farm¬ 
yard; 

Long contact with the public makes them 
good judges of human nature. Let a bridal¬ 
touring party appear in any part of the big 
Capitol building and at once they are pounced 
upon for a trip through the building alone. It 
is then that the deftness of the guide shows 
itself. 

Knowing full well that these newly-wedded 
couples appreciate nothing so much as appor- 
tunities to be alone with each other, where they 
can see, and not be seen. 

With diplomatic adroitness he convoys them 
up to the gallery at the top of the dome where 
they can look all over the city at their leisure, 
and what is far more important to them in their 
present state of mind; look into each other’s 
eyes and dream of love—at the rate of two 
dollars an hour fot the guide. Love comes high 
at the Capitol. 


155 




CHAPTER XIII 


A WASHINGTON STREET CAR. 

TATION, rank, and file is brought 
to a common level by the street car. 
This is particularly true of the 
Washington street car. It plays no 
favorites. Your nickel is just as 
good as the colored porter’s, who carried your 
grip at the hotel—and no better. 

My first experience on a trolley car was 
unique. As I stepped aboard, I handed the 
conductor a silver quarter. He passed me a 
strip of tickets. Ordinarily I care no more 
for a quarter than a woman cares for her last 
year’s hat, but on this occasion it happened to 
be my only coin and as I was in no mood to 
enter the wholesale trade I requested the “con” 
man to take back his tickets and give me my 
rightful change which he did with a somewhat 
surly air. I had unwittingly transgressed a 
cherished custom. The car company by foist¬ 
ing their tickets on their patrons catch many an 
unwary visitor, who invariably leaves town 
with a bunch of unused tickets for which the 



156 




A WASHINGTON STREET CAR. 


company will probably never render a service. 
Thus do the designing and greedy corporations 
grind our faces and do us out of our nickels. 
As I entered the car I noticed a vacant seat 
between a Naval officer of high rank and a 
bucolic specimen of humanity from a far west¬ 
ern State. This latter conclusion I deduced 
from the fact that he wore a very wide brimmed 
felt hat, and otherwise looked the part. As the 
car gave a lurch I was hurled somewhat un¬ 
ceremoniously into the empty seat. The con¬ 
ductor grinned maliciously. In attempting to 
mitigate the awkwardness of my entry I turned 
to the Naval dignitary at my side with the 
remark that 'The ship was not sailing very 
smoothly” only to be met with a stony gaze of 
vacuity. A fussy old lady of ample propor¬ 
tions entered the car. I at once proffered my 
seat and as I clung to the strap I intensely en¬ 
joyed the marine gentleman’s uneasiness as the 
old lady crowded him into a very uncomfortable 
corner. I now occupied a point of vantage 
from which to leisurely study the occupants of 
the car. A member of Congress occupied a 



157 



THE CAPITAL. 


seat in front of me with a constituent to whom 
he was explaining the character of the Public 
Buildings we passed as the car bowled along. 
“No” he once remarked to his friend “that's 
not the Post Office, that’s the Post Building— 
where they publish the 'Washington Post.’ ” 
That a majority of the people in the car were 
strangers was made evident by the fact that 
they gazed continually out of the windows of 
the car and from time to time consulted guide 
books as pretentious buildings and imposing 
monuments were passed. If the aforesaid 
guide book failed to give the requisite informa¬ 
tion they never hesitated to ask a neighbor. 
Apparently, the average visitor is irom Mis¬ 
souri—got to be shown. 

Snugly ensconsed in the corner sat three 
boys. One of the trio was a black boy—ex¬ 
ceedingly black. The other two were white. 
Judging by the remarks made by them it was 
evident that they were Congressional Pages on 
their way to the Capitol. But the thing that 
attracted my attention most was the thorough 
democracy of the urchins—no race prejudice 


158 


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SENATOR JAMES K. VARDAMAN. 

The Biblical Samson was a strong man who slew 
a Lion in the desert. The Mississippi Samson 
emulated his example. There was a measly, mangy 
old Lion with a terrible roar and fierce mein in 
Mississippi. The people called for deliverance, 
and the doughty Samson Vardaman responded. 
What he did to this miserable menagerie Lion is 
too painful for words—look at the picture! 



































THE CAPITAL. 



there. How broad-minded and free the ordi¬ 
nary boy is on all occasions. It is only when 
he reaches man's estate that he takes on the 
prejudices and pettiness of bigoty. In the seat 
adjoining sat a man in a large, volumnious 
overcoat with pockets bulging with the morn¬ 
ing's papers. So deeply engrossed was he in 
the “Congressional Record" he was perusing 
that he was totally oblivious of the presence of 
the other passengers. It was quite plain that 
he was a “member" for ever and anon he would 
make notes on the margin of the page he was 
scrutinizing—probably a report of the speech 
he had delivered a few days previous. As the 
car approached the Capitol I noticed that it 
made fewer stops. Everybody seemed to be 
bound for the same destination;—the halls of 
Congress. And what a motley assemblage? 
Maine and South Carolina alternated with 
France and China; a couple of Sioux Indians 
and a German attache. Clutching a strap in 
front of me stood a somewhat elderly and very 
martial looking gentleman who had resigned 
his seat to a lady with so courtly an air that 




160 


A WASHINGTON STREET CAR. 


I at once assigned him as a product of the 
courteous and chivalrous South. “Beg pah- 
don, sah I” he exclaimed as he seized the strap 
next to mine “have I not met you befo? ,, And 
as I looked him over more closely I recognized 
a chance acquaintance I had played a game of 
billiards with the evening before. By his un¬ 
steady attitude and the peculiar flavor of his 
breath I at once perceived that he had spent 
the night hilariously. As the car gave a lunge 
he brought his face in close proximity to mine 
and huskily whispered “I say—my frien’—yeh 
know how it is yersel—out with the boys—an 
tlT like—tell tlT truth—I’m strapped!—” 
“Sorry old chap—so am I,” I replied point¬ 
ing to the bit of leather I was desperately 
clinging to as the car swung a corner just as 
we reached the Capitol. 




161 





CHAPTER XIV 


PRESIDENT WILSON’S CABINET. 



present administration is one of 
the most democratic that has ever 
held the reins of government at 
Washington. “I summon all honest 
men, all patriotic men to my side,” 
said President Wilson in his inaugural address, 
and those who knew him best knew that his 
words were not empty. 

The men selected to constitute his Cabinet 
are a remarkably virile looking body. They 
are mostly young men and look like fighters- 
so Mr. Hicostofliving you’d better look out. 
Likewise Mr. Predatoryinterest you had bet¬ 
ter watch out for there’s blood on the moon as 
it peeps over the horizon and the big-chief in 
the White wig-wam has got the Indian sign on 
you. Just take a look at the braves the new 
big-chief has called for his war dance. 

There’s Bryan, Secretary of State, with his 
competent nose, which indicates capacity; the 
thin, decided, tightly-closed lips, denoting 
strength of will; the beetling brow; eagle-like 


162 



















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WILLIAM GIBBS McADOO. 


When William Gibbs McAdoo started to build 
the Hudson River Tunnel, it was not supposed 
that it would reach the United States Treasury 
building at Washington. President Wilson upon 
perceiving that its builder had shown such pro¬ 
ficiency in mastering the currents of the Hudson 
River, while engaged in connecting the banks of 
New York and New Jersey, concluded that 
here was the very man to master the preplexing 
problems of Currency and Banking that beset the 
Treasury Department at the Capital. His motto 
is—“If you wish to succeed, start at the bottom— 
of the river.” 






















































































THE CAPITAL. 



eyes and a general look of aggressiveness that 
augurs ill for oppressors of the common peo¬ 
ple, notwithstanding his little chautauqua-ward 
digressions. 

There’s McAdoo, Secretary of the Treasury; 
he too has an aggressive nose. That he is a 
man keen in business does not alter the fact 
that he has the imaginative face of a poet. His 
deep set, dreamy eyes hardly suggest the cold, 
calculating nature of the typical financier, but 
nevertheless his past career is a long record of 
conquests of a financial nature. This notable 
quality may lurk , in the thin, compressed lips 
that form his very capable mouth. 

Mr. Garrison, the Secretary of War, is the 
sole wearer of spectacles in the Cabinet; while 
Mr. Redfield, Secretary of Commerce, is the 
only user of eyeglasses in the ten. 

Mr. Daniels, Secretary of the Navy, is from 
Raleigh, North Carolina, where he gained all 
his expert knowledge of naval matters. A 
story is told of him (which is probably not 
true) that when he first inspected the Navy 
Yard at Portsmouth he was taken on board of 

164 


PRESIDENT WILSON’S CABINET. 


a war-ship on a tour of inspection. After going 
all over the ship he suddenly came upon an open 
hatch-way. With great astonishment he halted 
and looked eagerly down into the bowels of the 
ship as he exclaimed “Why the darned thing's 
hollow!” 

Secretary Lane is a Californian, with the 
busy and breezy air of the Pacific slope. His 
beautiful marble like dome suggests capabil¬ 
ity, austerity and inflexibility—in all, a most 
impressive face. The Secretary of Agriculture, 
Mr. Houston of Missouri, has sharp eyes and 
firm mouth. His well-shaped head indicates 
unusual capacity. Secretary Redfield has old 
fashioned mustache and side-whiskers like 
those seen in old photographs of Gen. Burn¬ 
side of civil war days. 

Mr. Wilson, Secretary of Labor, makes up 
for any deficiencies of any of his colleagues in 
the matter of hirsute adornment. His hair 
masses finely. His face is of the type of the 
old roman senator, sedate, thoughtful and mas¬ 
terful in every line. 

An impressive face at the Cabinet table is 

165 





























































































































































































































































JOSEPHUS DANIELS. 


Uncle Sam’s new star-spangled Neptune was dis¬ 
covered in the interior of North Carolina. As 
Secretary of the Navy he is-a decided success, 
which is probably due to the fact that being a 
Tarheel he is a natural Jack Tar. Among the many 
reforms he has instituted in the American Navy 
is one embodied in Order No. 41144—“Common 
seamen are forbidden to use the ship’s poker deck.” 
His motto is—“Don’t chew the rag—chew Navy.” 


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PRESIDENT WILSON’S CABINET. 


that of the Secretary of War, Mr. Garrison. 
His hair is artistically arranged and his feat¬ 
ures invite scrutiny. A broad head, a long 
head, suggesting a head with virile cerebral 
chambers; an appearance of thoroughly con¬ 
trolled power. 

The face of Mr. Burleson, Postmaster-Gen¬ 
eral, is particularly attractive and distinguished 
looking. With an aggressive looking mouth 
beneath a rather long upper lip, and a broad 
head surmounted by carelessly touseled hair he 
looks like one well prepared for the strenuous 
work demanded by Uncle Sam's postal depart¬ 
ment. 

Attorney General McReynolds sits at the 
cabinet table like one born to the position. His 
head is broad and his eyes are wide apart. A 
large strong nose and well shaped and capable 
looking mouth stamps him as one of great 
strength of character. If appearances are not 
deceptive he will make an enviable reputation 
in his new position before his term has ended. 

In its entirety, President Wilson's cabinet 
averages exceedingly high. 



167 



CHAPTER XV 


THE NEW CONGRESSMAN. 

O! the conqueroring hero comes! 
His step is haughty and his head is 
high. Every intricate question of 
legislation has been settled, every 
governmental problem has been 
solved, and every national and international 
tangle has been unravelled by that massive in¬ 
tellect. A valiant hero has just arrived at the 
Capital to take the helm of the Ship of State; 
to guide its course through the dangerous cur¬ 
rents and to steer it clear of the menacing rocks 
that threaten it with destruction. 

Who is this paragon of all the legislative 
virtues? ’Tis none other than the New Con¬ 
gressman, He has come to awe and impress 
that big body of law-makers at the Capitol with 
his forceful eloquence that will reverberate 
through the halls of Congress and echo back to 
the folks at home the greatness and the grand¬ 
ness tff the man they have sent to Washington 
to shed lustre upon his country and on his 
home-town. 



168 


THE NEW CONGRESSMAN. 

Presidents may come and go, Dynasties may 
fall, and great disasters may overtake the land, 
but the people of his district will now take but 
little note of these happenings. Their Con¬ 
gressman they know intimately and his activ¬ 
ities are of vital interest. His audience is 
ready-made—the people at home; the people 
who sent him to represent them, and to whom 
he is an incomparable hero. 

When the Speaker raps his gavel and the 
House comes to order a couple hundred of new 
congressmen feel the thrill of their lives—the 
first session of their congressional lives. Their 
mothers, sisters, aunts, sweethearts or wives 
are in the gallery with eyes for none but them. 
The guides may point out the noted men on the 
floor but their words fall on deaf ears. They 
look only for Tom or John or Dick, and when 
he is discovered the other great men sink into 
obscurity. 

It is at this point that Mr. New Congress¬ 
man becomes embarrassed. He is vaguely 
conscious that every one in the gallery must be 
looking at him. After a while his self pos- 



169 













FRANKLIN KNIGHT LANE. 


Chef Lane prepares many a delectable dish for 
Uncle Sam’s Interior Department. His menu is 
large and varied. There is “Indian au natural”; 
“Reservation Roast, with Forest Preserves”; 
Mississippi Levees, washed down with “Annual 
Floods,” and “River and Harbor Ices,” Deserts, 
etc. In fact, Knight Lane is knight of the range 
— Mountain and Forest. His motto is —“A 
straight lane is better than a crooked one.” 







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THE NEW 'CONGRESSMAN. 

session returns and he ventures a glance in the 
direction of the section where he knows his 
friends are beaming down upon him, and for 
the time being he is distinctly It. 

When the time comes to advance with a 
group of new members to the Speaker’s ros¬ 
trum to take the oath of office he feels as exalted 
as a school-graduate about to receive a diploma. 

The new system of benches has done away 
with the old method of drawing for seats. This 
new arrangement was borrowed from the Brit¬ 
ish House of Commons and was made neces¬ 
sary by the great increase in membership since 
the new apportionment. 

It certainly looks more sociable, however 
much it detracts from the importance of the in¬ 
dividual, but the New Congressman, never 
having experienced the pride of possession of 
an individual desk, is quite thankful for his 
bench-seat and deplores not the loss of a pre¬ 
rogative he never knew. 

After the strangeness of his first session 
wears off somewhat he essays a trip to inspect 
his new office over in the big congressional 




171 




THE CAPITAL. 




office building. As he leaves the House cham¬ 
bers he makes a dash for the elevator marked 
“For Members only.” His manly bosom swelfs 
with emotion as he notes the elevator man re¬ 
pulsing the efforts of a visitor who attempts to 
enter with him. 

When he reaches the doorway he encoun¬ 
ters a photographer with whom he had made 
an engagement to take his picture standing on 
the Capitol steps. Unmindful of the curious 
crowd, he poses in every known attitude in 
conformity with his idea as to what a states¬ 
man should look like. As these pictures are 
for the folks back home he is very particular as 
to details, placing one hand on his breast, while 
in the other he clutches tightly a roll of paper 
resembling the manuscript of a speech to be 
delivered before the House. 

In passing, it may be said that it is no un¬ 
common thing for older members to pose to 
photographers, not alone to please their par¬ 
donable vanity, but also for the sake of the 
advertisement and publicity which is so dear to 
the seasoned public-man. 

172 





THE NEW CONGRESSMAN. 


When Mr. New Congressman reaches the 
three-million dollar building constructed by 
Uncle Sam to provide private offices for his 
congressmen, he seeks his allotted room among 
the 500 contained in the big building. As he 
looks about his commodious room he notes 
that it contains a combination wardrobe, a book 
case and file cabinet, a beautiful mahogany 
desk, a type-writer desk for his secretary, a 
five-foot mahogany table, a telephone equip¬ 
ment, several leather upholstered chairs, an 
electrically regulated clock and an auto-phone 
device by which he can ascertain instantly what 
is transpiring in the Chamber during his ab¬ 
sence. 

His secretary has preceeded him by several 
hours and has a number of neatly addressed 
envelopes which he places before him. After 
looking the batch over carefully he satisfies 
himself that they are all properly addressed 
and hands them back to the secretary who 
smiles broadly. 

The new member is very much mystified by 
the smile until the secretary reminds him of the 



173 


THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. J. Henry Goeke 
Rep. 4th Dist., Ohio 


necessity of franking them—then he wakes up. 
In the most careful manner he signs each one 
with all the flourishes at his command. c It is 
hard to conceal his exultation at the thought 
that his name is good for a postage stamp any 
time he wishes to use it. 

After a while the novelty of signing franks 
with a pen wears off and he resorts to the rub¬ 
ber-stamp which the old-timers use. 

When he returns to the House he walks 
through the seven hundred and fifty foot long 
subway which leads to the Capitol. As he en¬ 
ters the chamber the clerk is about to call the 
roll. When the initial letter of his name is 
reached and his name is called a proud thrill 
electrifies his frame and he responds with an 
“aye” or “nay” in the most emphatic tone he 
can command. It is indeed a most pleasure- 
able moment in his congressional career and its 
memory will often recur to him in after years 
no matter how many terms he may eventually 
serve. 

It is when the new congressman rises in his 
seat to deliver his maiden speech that the su- 


174 






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ASBURY F. LEVER, M. C. 


The South Carolina Congressman has selected 
a fine model in John C. Calhoun, the one-time idol 
of his State. With ideal models, masterpieces are 
created. Congressman Lever is an artist in his 
line and may with the inspiration of his model 
win the palm from the old Palmetto State. 







n/&r At* 













































THE CAPITAL. 




preme moment of his life arrives. How many 
times he has written and rewritten, how many 
times he has rehearsed this maiden peroration, 
only himself knows. 

At first his voice is almost inaudible but as 
he proceeds he gains in confidence until finally 
he surprises himself at his seeming success, but 
in his self-engrossment he scarcely notices that 
the chamber has become quite empty. The old- 
timers have taken to the woods—i. e., ‘to the 
cloak-rooms or the restaurant. Maiden 
speeches are an infliction that the older mem¬ 
bers do not tamely submit to, unless the speaker 
shows a flash of real ability as in the case of 
Congressman Lafe Pence of Colorado, who in 
1894 so electrified the House with his maiden 
effort that he became nationally famous. 

The new congressman is a butt for all the 
jokers, a mark for all the sophisticated ones at 
the Capital, but it is just as well not to take 
him too lightly lest there be an unpleasant 
awakening as in the experience of the late Gen. 
Bingham, a veteran congressman from Penn¬ 
sylvania, who mistook a youthful looking Con- 


176 


THE NEW CONGRESSMAN. 


gressman for a page and requested him to 
bring him a law-book, which he did, and as he 
laid the volume on the old member's desk, said, 
'“Here it is, General, but the next time, please 
address me as “Congressman." 

In all the viscissitudes of the new congress¬ 
man's career there is the consolation that he 
will soon outgrow his newness if he shows abil¬ 
ity of the right order and can succeed in com¬ 
ing back for subsequent terms. Then good 
places on important committees await him and 
his congressional existence will take on an en¬ 
tirely different aspect, and his view of life un¬ 
der the “big dome" will assume a roseate hue 
not dreamt of in his “salad days." 



177 




THE CAPITAL. 




It must not be inferred that the correspond¬ 
ents tell all they see and hear, to their respec¬ 
tive newspapers. The information—not for 
publication—possessed by them, respecting 
legislation and legislators would fill many vol¬ 
umes. 

“That's a fine speech," remarked one scribe 
to another in the gallery, as he indicated a con¬ 
gressman making an impassioned address to 
the House from notes which he held in his 
hand. 

“Yes," nonchalantly replied the other. 

“But you haven't listened to a word," he 
protested. 

“Yes, I know—but I wrote it." 

Many of the dignified Senators and Repre¬ 
sentatives are tagged with nick-names which 
make a mockery of their dignity. A certain 
Senator who is noted for his srpooth, unguent 
ways is known to these Knights of the pen, as 
“Pussy-foot." Another is, “Moving Pictures." 
A congressman who wears a bushy beard is 
called “Zephyrs." Another member who 
dressed somewhat too immaculately was 

180 







THE CONGRESSIONAL PRESS GALLERY. 




dubbed, “Glad-Rags.” Two members who al¬ 
ways entered the chamber together, soon got 
the sobriquet, “Twins.” A few of the better 
known nick names are, “Gum Shoe,” “Old 
Pitch-fork,” “Sandy,” “Uncle,” “Joe C.” and 
“Dandy.” 

The Press Gallery boys love to have their 
little jokes once in a while. A new member 
one day rose in his seat to deliver his maiden 
speech, when he was spied by an alert corre¬ 
spondent who saw a chance to enliven the pro¬ 
ceedings of what had been an intolerably dull 
day. Seizing a pencil he hastily scribbled a 
note with the words, “Louder, please,” and di¬ 
rected a page to hand it to the speaker. Where¬ 
upon the new representative raised his voice to 
a higher pitch. Again and again were new 
notes despatched with the same request, until 
the unsuspecting member was fairly shrieking 
his oration and perspiring at every pore with 
the effort, while the group of newspaper men in 
the gallery were almost exploding with sup¬ 
pressed laughter and merriment. 

Some years ago, Representative Proctor 



Hon. Joseph Taggart 
Rep. 2nd Dist., Kan. 


181 




















































































J. THOMAS HEFLIN, M. C. 


’Way down South in Dixie lives the King of 
Cotton, sometimes called “Cotton Tom.” Tom is 
all cotton and a yard wide. In the land of cotton 
all men cotton to him—and the women, too—for 
they know that he admires them too much to 
tarnish them with politics. His motto is—“Better 
than a gin fizz, is a cotton gin.” 



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THE CONGRESSIONAL PRESS GALLERY. 


Knott delivered a speech in Congress extolling 
the virtues of the City of Duluth in an exceed¬ 
ingly witty manner. A bright correspondent 
m the Press Gallery recognized its humorous 
quality and sent it broadcast throughout the 
country, and the next day Proctor Knott found 
himself famous. Congressman Samuel Sulli¬ 
van Cox received the sobriquet “Sun-set” at 
the hands of a newspaper writer, and it stuck 
to him until he died. 

It is quite a usual thing for Journalists when 
elected to Congress to avail themselves of the 
privileges of the Press Gallery to “work at 
the trade,” as one of them once expressed its* 
The late Congressman Amos Cummings cor¬ 
responded with a dozen of newspapers, while 
he represented his district in Congress, and he 
did exceedingly clever work in both capacities; 
and many an interesting book has been wriften 
by members who wrestled with legislative prob¬ 
lems between the chapters. 

The “Fourth Estate” is entitled to more 
credit than is usually given by the undiscern¬ 
ing public. Were it not for their tireless vigil- 



Hon. Michael K. Reilly 
Rep. 6th Dist., WIs. 


183 



THE CAPITAL. 



Dp. Andrew J. Barchfeld 
Rep. 32nd Dist., Penn. 



ance, many a questionable piece of legislation 
would be sneaked through Congress and many 
a fraud would go undetected. Many a lobbyist 
has had good reason to bewail the fact that 
there sat in the Press Gallery— 

“A chiel amang ye takin’ notes, 

And, faith, he’ll prent them.” 

In these modern days, the Press Gallery is 
becoming a more important factor in legisla¬ 
tion. The member who rises on the floor does 
not really speak to his fellow members. The 
speech is for the country. Before he begins 
every word has been in the correspondents’ 
hands, typewritten, and ready for transmis¬ 
sion abroad to the readers of thousands of 
cities. Many of the members of Congress, 
doubtless would be quite content to have a 
speechless Congress; to run an eye over the 
printed remarks of a fellow member and gather 
in a few minutes the gist of what might take 
an hour to say. An astute British statesman 
of the last generation declared that not in fifty 
years had any speech changed a single vote in 
the House of Commons. Why not have a 


184 



THE CONGRESSIONAL PRESS GALLERY. 


speechless Congress ?—On second thoughts, 
however! this would never do. The women 
will soon appear in Congress and then—a 
speechless Congress?—perish the thought. 

The Washington correspondents, taken col¬ 
lectively, are a jovial set, ever ready for a 
frolic, or a fun-fest, as they humorously term 
the banquets of their famous Gridiron Club. 

This club was organized for the express pur¬ 
pose of trimming statesmen of their surplus 
dignity. It was noticed that a great many of 
the newly made dignitaries who were constant¬ 
ly arriving in Washington, held their heads 
abnormally high. The Gridiron Club was or¬ 
ganized to correct this failing, thereby render¬ 
ing a service to the dignitary in question, and 
to the public as well. 

All is hilarity at these gatherings and no 
statesman is safe from raillery and good na- 
tured badinage. 

If an invited guest fails to put in an appear¬ 
ance after receiving an invitation to attend the 
dinner, a substitute is rigged up in imitation, 
and after being properly introduced in the as- 



i. Samuel A. Witherspoon 
Rep. 5th Dist., Miss. 


185 



















JAMES R. MANN, M. C. 


Man’s inhumanity to Mann—at the polls—has 
caused counted thousands of Republicans to 
mourn. To mourn, but not to weep; for, as the 
light doth shine within the eyes of their doughty 
warrior* who stands thus defiant, with battered 
sword erect, and eager for the fray, let no Demo¬ 
crat rejoice. If perchance, the Knights of the 
Donkey should blunder, as is often their wont, 
then will this valiant Knight, Sir Leader, smite 
them hip and thigh. 





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THE CONGRESSIONAL PRESS GALLERY. 


sumed name, proceeds to deliver the speech 
which he considers the victim should have 
made. These substitute harangues put the 
most ridiculous sayings into the mouths of the 
imitation notable with the result of making 
everyone present indulge in the most uproari¬ 
ous laughter. And this is frequently done in 
the presence of the original of the counterfeit, 
who, to save his face, has to join in the spirit of 
the occasion and laugh at himself. 

At some of the entertainments the walls are 
festooned with clever caricatures, trite inscrip¬ 
tions, and burlesque rhymes. An atmosphere 
of good nature pervades these gatherings and 
no man ever resents any burlesque of his per¬ 
sonal traits, for the jibe is always devoid of 
malice or venom. 

It is remarkable to what lengths the sedate 
and dignified statesmen at the Capital will go 
in search of the humorous side of life. Not 
long ago a public meeting was organized to 
debate pro and con on the following— 1u Re : 
solved that a bandy-legged man is more of a 
hindrance to navigation than a bow-legged 



187 



THE CAPITAL. 


man.” This brilliant and elucidating subject 
was debated for a couple of hours by the 
speaker of the House of Representatives and a 
couple of United States Senators, before a de¬ 
lighted audience composed largely of members 
of both houses of Congress and nearly all the 
correspondents of the Press Gallery— 

A little nonsense now and then 
Is good for boys and older men. 

Hon. Louis C. Cramton 
Rep. 7th Dist., Mich. 




188 




CHAPTER XVII 


INAUGURATION DAY. 



NEW significance was given to In¬ 
auguration day by Woodrow Wilson 
when he declared in his inaugural 
address that the ceremonies of the 
day meant “not a triumph, but a 
dedication.” This lofty sentiment, which re¬ 
flects so much credit upon the high character 
of the President, is unfortunately not fully 
shared by the victorious hosts who come to tri¬ 
umph and to shout “to the victors belong the 
spoils!” 


March fourth means march forth in their 
vernacular and the old office-holders know it— 
when the hordes of ofiice-seekers descend upon 
the White House, the President will know it 
also. 

It is March the fourth in the morning—the 
day of days in Washington in Presidential 
year. Never was a school-boy happier when 
the circus came to town, than is the Washing¬ 
tonian on this eventful day. 

Almost half a million of people swarm the 


189 






THE CAPITAL. 




streets and avenues and every section of Uncle 
Sam's wide dominion is represented in th$ 
throngs. 

The corridors and lobbies of the big hotels 
are crowded to repletion. Men who look like 
statesmen, men who look like somebodies, and 
their wives, sisters and aunts, are bustling 
about, eager to join the multitudes on their 
way to the reviewing stands. 

The streets and avenues are reverberant with 
the music of the bands which head the visiting 
delegations, and the very air is permeated with 
patriotism. Even the restaurants have caught 
the fever. They have covered up their wall 
price-lists with American flags in their zeal for 
patriotism—or profit. Under the protection of 
the flag they are enabled to double their prices 
for steaks, chops and pie. Great is the power 
of “old glory.” 

No city in the world handles a big event as 
well as Washington does the celebration of In¬ 
auguration day. 

The police arrangements are perfect. Early 
in the day of March the fourth a number of 


190 








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SENATOR CARROLL S. PAGE. 


The Senator from the Green Mountain State 
is the oldest Page in the Senate. But there are 
Pages and pages. The more youthful pages are 
quite respectful to the Vermont Senator, as he is 
well known as a large dealer in hides—calves 
hides. In Tariff debates he valiantly upholds the 
rights of the humble calf. His motto is—“A good 
Page should not be turned down, it should be 
marked.” 













THE CAPITAL. 




teamsters with their wagons and gangs of ne¬ 
groes appear along the avenue of the big pa¬ 
rade. These men unloosen small, circular iron 
covers from holes placed along the curb and 
throw them into the wagons. White enam¬ 
eled posts of iron are then taken from the 
wagons and placed in these holes, after which 
wire rope is stretched through rings at the 
tops of the posts for the entire length of the 
parade route. This forms an impregnable bar¬ 
rier to the crowds along the pavement during 
the parade. Street-car traffic is wholly sus¬ 
pended for the day, and the beautifully paved 
avenue is as clean as cleaners can make it. All 
over the city are to be found public-spirited 
citizens, wearing red badges, who have volun¬ 
teered their services to render any assistance 
required by visitors respecting the location of 
hotels, railway stations, street-cars and any 
other information requested. 

In the windows of the shops along the ave¬ 
nue are to be seen copies of Police rules re¬ 
specting the proper fare to be paid to Taxi-Cab 
drivers, Sight-Seeing Automobiles, etc.; warn- 


192 




INAUGURATION DAY. 


ings against pickpockets and hotel sneak- 
thieves; penalties for overcharges and many 
other things of vital interest to the visiting 
stranger. 

The Governor of a big State gives a recep¬ 
tion to the visitors from his State. The Con¬ 
gressional delegation from his State attends in 
a body, accompanied by the political “Boss” 
who holds the political destinies of the aforesaid 
Governor in the palm of his capacious hand. 
He wears an expansive smile. He has just 
landed a fat job for a henchman. For a won¬ 
der, there is no rain. It usually rains—when 
it doesn't snow—in Washington on Inaugura¬ 
tion day. 

Pennsylvania avenue is jammed with people 
moving toward the Capitol. The “Avenue,” 
as it is called by everyone, does not lend itself 
readily to decoration. Its private buildings are 
generally insignificant in size and the great 
width of the thoroughfare tends to make them 
more so. The public buildings are magnificent, 
notably the grand Treasury building—the fin¬ 
est model of Greek architecture in the world. 



Hon. Daniel J. McGilllcuddy 
Rep. 2nd Dist., Me. 


193 


THE CAPITAL. 


But its noble Doric pillars are never success¬ 
fully decorated with cheap bunting. 

Great numbers of stands line the avenue on 
both sides. It is scarcely ten o’clock and they 
are already filled. Every available window has 
been rented for the occasion and they are also 
crowded. At ten-thirty an automobile rolls 
into the White House grounds and on arrival 
at the entrance to the Executive Mansion, a 
well-known Statesman steps out and hurries 
within, followed by several others. Shortly 
after an imposing pair of closely-clipped horses 
attached to a landau appear. Inside is the 
President-elect, accompanied by a well known 
Senator and a prospective member of his Cab¬ 
inet. Also two quiet looking gentlemen who 
appear to be strangers to all but the President¬ 
elect. He knows them to be secret service de¬ 
tectives. 

The party at once proceeds to the Blue Room, 
where they receive the President’s greetings. 

The President’s carriage now draws up to 
the door and hasty preparations are made to 
start for the Capitol. 


194 


INAUGURATION DAY. 


Finally the President, according to etiquette, 
enters the carriage first and takes the place of 
honor on the right. The President-elect fol¬ 
lows immediately and takes a seat on the left. 

At eleven-thirty the Presidential party ar¬ 
rives at the Capitol, after a somewhat spectac¬ 
ular ride up Pennsylvania avenue, escorted by 
the Essex Troop of New Jersey. Upon arrival, 
the great bronze doors are thrown open, and 
the President, his successor and their escorting 
committee, enter. They proceed at once to the 
Senate chamber, and upon entering, the entire 
audience on the floor and in the galleries arise 
and remain standing. It is a scene calculated 
to impress the beholder. The Senate Chamber, 
flooded with softened sunlight that comes 
through the ground glass roof above, the dig¬ 
nified officers of state in their respective places, 
the diplomatic corps, resplendent in their showy 
uniforms, the eager and expectant assemblage 
crowded into every possible nook and corner 
of the Chamber, make a pictpre not soon to be 
effaced from the memory. 

The ceremonies are dignified, but brief. The 




195 

























THOMAS RILEY MARSHALL. 


Tom Marshall does not sit in the Vice-Presi¬ 
dent’s chair—he stands on it. This is character¬ 
istic of him. He’s a militant Vice-President. The 
reason is quite apparent-—’tis the Irish in his 
middle name. He’s a natural born fighter as a 
result of that middle name—was there ever an 
Irishman that couldn’t fight in a just cause? His 
motto is—“Every great commander knows the 
value of a competent Marshall.’’ 






INAUGURATION DAY. 


President delivers a short address. The Pres¬ 
ident-elect does likewise. Both are most felici¬ 
tous and happy in their expressions of good-will 
and good-cheer. 

After the conclusion of the Chaplain's invo¬ 
cation, the throng of officials, preceded by the 
dignitaries of the Supreme Court in an array 
of silken robes, observing strictly the custo¬ 
mary rules of precedence, file out into the cor¬ 
ridor, thence to the rotunda and to the Pres- Hon - Henp y L - Meyers 

.... . ... 11 . U. S. Senator, Mont. 

idential stand amid the plaudits and cheers of 
the waiting multitude. 

The President, the President that is to be, 
and the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court 
occupy the centre of the stand facing the vast 
sea of faces eager with expectancy. 

A Bible is handed to the Chief Justice, who 
in a clear, distinct voice administers the oath of 
office to the new President. A salvo of cheers 
mingled with the roar of the salute of the can¬ 
nons follows, during which the new President 
advances to the rail and commences the delivery 
of his inaugural address, after which the Pres¬ 
ident and the ex-President enter their carriage. 



197 



THE CAPITAL. 




This time the President sits on the right and 
the ex-President on the left hand side as the 
parade to the White House begins. 

As far as the eye can reach, appears a solid 
mass of humanity which lines both sides of 
Pennsylvania avenue. Every available space 
is occupied; on the roofs, in the windows and 
along the pavement the crowd is packed to re¬ 
pletion. As the Essex Troop of New Jersey, 
which the people know to be the new President’s 
escort, appears in the distance a muffled roar 
of applause is heard. Soon the carriage con¬ 
taining the ex-President and the President is 
seen. It is now noticed that the new President 
is seated on the right hand side. He bows 
continually to the hearty applause and shouts of 
good-will from the spectators and his broad, 
expansive smile is working overtime. It is a 
particularly fine parade and the remark is fre¬ 
quently heard “It is the best Inaugural parade 
ever beheld.” 

When the Presidential carriage reaches the 
White House grounds the President takes his 
stand at the Court of Honor where he reviews 


198 


INAUGURATION DAY. 


the passing delegations who cheer themselves 
hoarse as they catch sight of the handsome- 
homely face of the man they helped to elect as 
the chief Magistrate of the nation. 

At nightfall the city is ablaze with illumina¬ 
tion from thousands of electric-light bulbs at¬ 
tached to wires which cross and recross the 
avenue. The dome of the Capitol, as one looks 
down the avenue from the Treasury building, 
looks resplendent with the flashed light from 
the powerful electric search-lights cast upon it 
from the adjacent park; and the sharply defined 
lines of the illuiminated Washington monu¬ 
ment pierce the sombre sky like some huge 
symbol of welcome to the thousands of strang¬ 
ers within the Inaugural city. 

It is a gala night, indeed. The crowd has 
come to celebrate and the spirit of carnival is 
abroad. But it is patriotic carnival in perfect 
consonance with the spirit of the new Pres¬ 
ident's dictum that the day is one to “Dedicate, 
rather than one to celebrate.” It was for this 
reason that the Inaugural Ball is interdicted. 
The idea of disrupting the routine of the busy 



199 






















SENATOR JOHN D. WORKS. 

What a piece of man is Works! California 
never had a more defiant Senator. A veritable 
Macbeth. He bids defiance to the newspapers. 
His defi is patterned after Shakespeare’s tragic 
Scot—“Damned be him who first cries, ‘Hold, 
Enough!’ ” His motto is—“I’m the whole Works.” 







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INAUGURATION DAY. 


Pension Bureau that an exhibition of “Tur¬ 
key-Trots” and “Bunny Hugs” might be given 
in the big brick building, does not meet with the 
approval of the dignified new President and it 
is abandoned. 

The citizens of Washington, however, com¬ 
pensate for the loss of the Ball by providing 
a most elaborate Fire-works display in the park 
back of the White House. The night is fine 
and the crowds come early. Everybody seems 
to be in a most happy mood and to most thor¬ 
oughly enjoy the spectacle and what seems 
most singular everybody apparently belongs to 
the winning party. Probably this is why every¬ 
body is happy and good natured. 

As the midnight hour approaches the crowds 
hasten to their hotels—those who have not al¬ 
ready skurried to the outgoing trains—and 
Washington's quadriennial spree is over. 



Hon. Charles H. Sloan 
Rep. 4th Dist., Neb. 


201 


4 


CHAPTER XVIII 



A RAMBLE AMONG THE HOTELS. 

EARLY every appellation the dic¬ 
tionary affords seems to have been 
utilized in furnishing names for the 
myriads of Hotels, Inns and Tav¬ 
erns of the Capital. But withal no 
one has seen fit to preempt the title “India Rub¬ 
ber House,'” which would be singularly appro¬ 
priate for a Washington Hotel. For elasticity, 
the Hotels of other cities do not compare. 
Rooms built to accommodate two persons have 
been known to contain half a dozen on occa¬ 
sion. And as for rates, rubber makes a poor 
simile to point a comparison. Prices enumer¬ 
ated on Bills of Fare, Menus, etc., have been 
known to stretch to quadruple proportions over 
night. 

A couple of guests were once observed leav¬ 
ing a swell hostelry scanning and scowling at 
a bill they had just paid. As they hurried along 
the avenue on their way to the Union Station 
the one with the bill exclaimed, 

“The robbers!—God will punish them for 
this.” 



202 






A RAMBLE AMONG THE HOTELS. 


“God has punished them already,” replied 
his partner. *Tve got their silver spoons in 
my satchel/'* 

Regarding the nomenclature of the Hotels 
it has lately become a fad for the more exclu¬ 
sive set to designate their artistocratic quarters 
as “Inns” and “Taverns.” One very select 
hostelry has adopted an old colonial sign board 
which informs the weary traveler that “enter¬ 
tainment is to be had for man and beast.” Pre¬ 
sumably the word “beast” means “automobile” 
in these degenerate days. 

In no other city are Hotels so well patron¬ 
ized as in Washington. Probably nine-tenths 
of the visitors are entertained by public houses. 
The result is seen in the particualrly cheerful 
and entertaining atmosphere which always per¬ 
vades these hostelries. 

After nightfall the Lobbies are crowded with 
guests who have come to the city for a short 
stay and are on the qui vive for excitement. It 
is here they meet their Congressman, whom 
they importune for passes to the congressional 
galleries; introductory letters,to important de- 



203 


THE CAPITAL. 




partmental chiefs, or invitations to White 
House receptions. This of course adds to the 
gayety of the Congressman’s life—‘ffiut that’s 
what he’s elected for,” they say. 

Many of the lawmakers have their private 
offices installed in the Hotels at which they re¬ 
side. Here they transact business in the eve¬ 
nings. Their private secretaries typewrite let¬ 
ters to constituents at home and later in the 
r°p 12 th e p A t H r"' evening they will be seen conveying armfuls 
of franked letters which they dump into the 
mail boxes, before retiring for the night. 

The wide diversity of localities from which 
visitors come is a distinctive featue of life at 
the Washington Hotel. Here you will find the 
man from Alaska hob-nobbing with the New 
Englander; and the Army officer who has just 
come from the Phillipines to report at the War 
Department. A deputation of Chinese man¬ 
darins stopped at the Raleigh not long since. 
After signing their names as guests, the reg¬ 
istry resembled a collection of laundry checks. 

The high grade apartment hotel, aristocratic 
and exclusive, is particularly unique to the Na- 



204 



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PENN-ROSE OF PENN-SYLVANIA. 


One of the boys of the Quaker city is Boies. 
An expert machinist, he knows the value of oil 
as a lubricant. His wonderful Penn-sylvania ma¬ 
chine is proof of this. But, alas, one day a 
rampant Bull Moose broke into his machine shop 
and completely wrecked his beautiful machine. 
When the too strenuous Bull Moose met with 
disaster, Boies was as jubilant as his damaged 
condition would permit. His motto is—“A rose 
by any other name than Pen will never do.” 





yK<vX-'x.-x 


















THE CAPITAL. 


tional Capital. Here the wealthy and opulent 
reside. Here are to be found all the attributes 
of wealth and refinement. Servants in livery, 
waiters trained m obsequiousness; dining 
rooms where invisible orchestras dispense the 
melodies of Chopin and Schubert, and where 
the cuisine is irreproachable, leaving absolutely 
nothing to be desired by the most exacting 
guest. These aristocratic establishments are 
always well patronized by the very wealthy 
who, in great numbers reside in Washington 
on account of its many alluring social features. 
The cream of New York, Chicago, Philadel¬ 
phia, and Boston society is to be found here in 
the height of the season, and the most elegant 
entertainments are of nightly occurrence. This 
is the sort of poison that gets into the Con¬ 
gressman's blood when he finds fault with Un¬ 
cle Sam's meagre $7,500 a year salary allow¬ 
ance. 

The lobbies of the big hotels are the most en¬ 
tertaining places imaginable during the ses¬ 
sions of Congress. Assembled in groups are 


206 


A RAMBLE AMONG THE HOTELS. 


men well known in public life; men who bulk 
large in the affairs of the nation. 

At the New Willard, life takes on an eternal 
holiday aspect that never seems to lag. Every¬ 
one moves about with the alacrity of expec¬ 
tancy. Party after party emerges from the 
elevators as they descend into the lobby and the 
swish of silken skirts betoken some social affair 
of an unusual kind as group after group make 
their way through the ladies' exit to the await¬ 
ing Limousines. Senator Martine, with a bevy 
of ladies, is often a familiar sight at the door 
awaiting the arrival of his car. The Senator is 
very popular, socially. Soon the lobby is 
crowded and the air becomes redolent with the 
delicate perfumes of bouquets despite the clouds 
of tobacco smoke about, for men are prone to 
smoke tobacco every time they group by them¬ 
selves, and the presence of ladies never seems 
to deter them. 

Senator Kern enters alone. He has just put 
in a strenuous day in the Senate chamber and 
he looks somewhat fatigued. Like all influen¬ 
tial men in Washington he is beseiged with 



207 



THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Percy E. Quinn 
Rep. 7th Dist., Miss. 



Hon. Charles A. Culberson 
U. S. Senator, Texas 


office-seekers. A group of Indianians surround 
him and importune him, but he never relaxes 
his pleasant smile and when one of the group 
hands him a long stogie to smoke, at the termi¬ 
nation of an interview, he holds it unlighted in 
his hand, while he pump-handles his visitors 
good-bye. Absent-mindedly he puts the stogie 
in his pocket, and taking a few steps over to 
the cigar counter, lights a cigar. As he turns 
about with the cigar between his teeth it is 
noticed that it is not the stogie he is smoking— 
the Senator smokes good cigars. 

Senator Culberson, the genial Texan who 
looks like an old Roman Senator translated to 
the Twentieth century, is engaged in an earnest 
conversation with Secretary Bryan. They at¬ 
tract everyone's attention although seated in 
an obscure corner. 

Senator Lodge suddenly appears from within 
the crowd. He looks entirely different from 
what he appeared in the morning session in the 
Senate chamber. There he appeared in a sack 
coat and not at all fastidious looking in dress, 
or deportment. Now he is arrayed in a remark- 


208 








. 




SENATOR WILLIAM ALDEN SMITH. 


The Senator who conducted the Titanic disaster 
investigation asked so many questions about ice¬ 
bergs and things that the Britons thought him a 
goose—but he was not—he was a Michi-gander. 
The fact was, he had to delve deep to get at the 
truth which was at the bottom of the ocean. His 
motto is—“For ships that pass in the night, an ice¬ 
berg is not a nice berg.” 


NVVV ""\\xx»«,\\ 































THE CAPITAL. 



bly well fitting tuxedo suit with a black top¬ 
coat over his arm, and an opera crush-hat over 
his ambrosial locks. He is accompanied by a 
coterie of society buds with heavy opera cloaks 
over their shapely shoulders. The Senator is 
evidently as much at home at a society function 
as he is in a heated debate on the floor of the 
Senate. 

“Mister Smith!—Mister Smith!” cries 
a page as he darts about the lobby, looking in 
every direction and at every face. “Mister 
Smith!” he again cries. Finally Senator 
Smith, of Michigan, leaps to his feet from a 
corner where he was deeply engrossed in a con¬ 
versation with a friend, and at the beckon of 
the page hastens to the Telephone booth near 
by. 

The pages know nothing of titles or embel- 
lishments of names other than “Mister.” This 
sounds odd in a place where distinctive titles 
seem so plentiful. 

It is very amusing to see how shy Congress¬ 
men are of visits from women, since the female 
suffrage movement has started in. A deputa- 


210 


A RAMBLE AMONG THE HOTELS. 


tion of School-teachers from a western state, 
called at the Shoreham Hotel one evening to 
interview their Congressman on a little matter 
relating to the placing of a captured cannon in 
front of a school-house. There was never a 
thought of suffrage, yet it was said the Con¬ 
gressman spent a most unpleasant evening 
dodging them. 

It is at the New National Hotel on Pennsyl¬ 
vania avenue that one gets in touch with the 
Southern element. If the weather is warm and 
balmy, they congregate in the sunlight in front. 
But should it be somewhat cool they retreat 
to the warm lobby within. A temperature of 
30 degrees fahrenheit is an arctic cold wave to 
the man from Dixie; but for warm-hearted 
sociability and companionship the Southern 
visitor far surpasses his northern brother, and 
it’s extremely likely that before you’ve known 
him five minutes he’ll offer you a cigar, or 
invite you to join him in a mint-julep,—or a 
softer beverage, if you prefer. —Such is south¬ 
ern hospitality. 

In the basement of the Ebbitt Hotel there is 



211 


THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. James M. Gudger, Jr. 
Rep. 10th Dist., N. C. 


an artistically constructed “Rathskeller”; just 
such a one as you will find in Munich or Berlin, 
where German beers and light wines are 
served. Several of the other first grade hotels 
are somewhat similarly equipped. The instal¬ 
lation of these modern German “Rathskellers” 
and “Bier Stubes” are a distinct improvement 
on the old time Saloon which used to be such a 
feature in hotels. The drinking of whiskey 
and other ardent spirits is fast giving way to 
the consumption of light wines and wholesome 
beers. This is true temperance. If mankind 
must drink let the beverage be the compara¬ 
tively harmless “Pilsner” or the “Johanis- 
berger” wines which are not as harmful as the 
immoderate use of tea or coffee, and which are 
certainly less dangerous than many of the so- 
called temperance drinks now so much in vogue 
in the Southern states since the prohibition 
laws have been instituted. 

Human nature demands some outlet for its 
appetites and passions and unduly repressive 
laws only tend to aggravate the evils of intem¬ 
perance and immorality. The Prohibitionist is 


212 







COUNT JOHANN VON BERNSTORFF. 

The German Ambassador is a great Diplomat. 
The Count has made the American and German 
Eagles the best of friends. “Hoch the Kaiser!’’ 
screams the Bald Eagle. “Rah for Wilson!” 
echoes the black Eagle. The diplomatic Count 
will soon have them screeching the “Star Spangled 
Banner” and “Die Wacht am Rhein” in unison. 
His motto is-—“The best diplomacy is ‘Made in 
Germany.* ** 




































THE CAPITAL. 





Hon. William H. Bixiey 
Chief Engineer, War Dept. 


like the man who blew out the gas in his hotel 
room.—But the gas continued on the job, never¬ 
theless. 

It must be admitted, however, that since Sec¬ 
retary Bryan has started the fashion of giving 
“dry dinners” diplomatic secrets are much 
safer, as it is a well known truism that, “when 
wine is in, secrets are out.” 

The cuisine of the Washington Hotels is un¬ 
surpassed for variety. We hear a lot about the 
superior quality of French cookery, but if you 
have ever tasted fried chicken, with corn frit¬ 
ters, Maryland style, (remember Washington 
is in Maryland) you will vote it one of the fin¬ 
est dishes in the world • while the oysters, ducks, 
and terrapin are unequalled in any clime. As 
for planked shad,—has it got a rival anywhere ? 

Why do Americans tolerate the abominable, 
half-baked imitations of foreign cookery when 
they have such a wealth of good things to eat 
in their own American dishes. 

The New England boiled dinner is a national 
culinary gem of which any country might be 
proud. So is roast turkey, so are codfish cakes, 


214 


A RAMBLE AMONG THE HOTELS. 


while American baked beans are certainly 
unique in the civilized world. As for Johnny- 
corn-cake, buckwheat cakes, with fragrant 
sausage; or wheat cakes, with maple syrup— 
how can you beat them ? 

We need a revival of the good old native 
American cookery of our mothers—don’t you 
think so, reader? 



Hon. J. Hampton Moore 
Rep. 3rd Dist., Penn. 



215 



CHAPTER XIX 




THE SUPREME COURT. 

' HE Supreme Court of the United 
States is the Constitutional yard¬ 
stick of the Republic. By it are 
measured the laws passed by Con¬ 
gress and there is no appeal from 
the decision. No other court has ever been in¬ 
vested with such far-reaching authority. It is 
the bulwark of the Constitution. It is the most 
powerful factor in the American government 
and the greatest judicial organization in the 
world. The highest English judicial dignitary 
can be removed by the King, upon the request of 
Parliament. A justice of the Supreme Court of 
the United States can only be removed upon 
conviction for “high crimes and misdemean¬ 
ors.” 

Decisions of the Supreme Court have often 
been complained of, and its judgment and wis¬ 
dom called into question, but no one has ever 
questioned the integrity and sincerity of the 
men who constitute it. 

It has been termed the aristocratic branch of 

216 





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EDWARD DOUGLASS WHITE. 


A big man—physically, mentally and legally, is 
Chief Justice White. He bulks large in the legal 
world. The great White Mountain stands as a 
landmark amid the towering peaks of the United 
States Supreme Court. Like Mahomet, Uncle Sam 
oft goes to this mountain for interpretations of 
laws that menace his constitution. The Chief 
Justice is the White-way of the Supreme Court. 















































THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Thomas B. Catron 
U. S. Senator, N. M. 


the government, but in truth it is the most dem¬ 
ocratic, as it represents the whole country, and 
the people in their entirety; while Congress¬ 
men represent their districts, and Senators 
their states. 

The sightseer in Washington accustomed to 
the turbulent scenes in the Congressional cham¬ 
ber, is overcome with awe by the solemn dig¬ 
nity of the proceedings in the sombre Supreme 
Court chamber. The nine black-robed and 
sober-visaged justices make a most impressive 
picture and convey to the visitor an impression 
of eminent dignity fully in keeping with the 
traditions that hover over the Supreme bench. 
Yet when you meet them in the corridors of the 
Capitol at close range, you find that they are 
interestingly human. 

The sessions of the Supreme Court are held 
from October to June. Five days of the week 
are devoted to the hearing of cases and the 
handing down of decisions. Saturday is set 
aside as consultation day. 

At 12 o'clock noon, a passageway across the 
corridor is roped ofif with silken cords, and the 


218 


THE SUPREME COURT. 


court, headed by the Chief Justice, march with 
solemn tread into the court chamber and take 
their respective places on the “bench.” The 
Chief Justice sits in the middle, and the others 
sit on his right and left in the order of their 
appointment. 

The black gowns worn by the justices were 
the subject of considerable discussion before 
they were adopted in 1789. Thomas Jefferson 
in discussing the question exclaimed, “For 
Heaven's sake discard the monstrous wig which 
makes the English judges look like rats peep¬ 
ing through bunches of oakum!” 

The general impression is that the Supreme 
Court is owl-like and ha§ no sense of humor. 
But such is not the case. An eminent attorney 
was once addressing the court on a case involv¬ 
ing the validity of a patent respecting a collar 
button, when one of the . justices blandly in¬ 
quired, “whether a man could recover a collar 
button that had rolled under a bureau, without 
swearing?” 

Conspicuous public service of some kind is a 
requisite for selection to a position on the Su- 



Hon. Ellsworth Bathrock 
Rep. 19th Dlst., Ohio 


219 











































SENATOR AUGUSTUS OCTAVIUS BACON. 


Lord Bacon, of Macon, is one of the bright lights 
of the American House of Lords. On clear days 
when the sun is shining into the Senate Chamber, 
his shiny pate reflects an effulgence of brightness 
pleasing to behold. In this respect he greatly 
resembles Shakespeare, who was also possessed 
of a bright, bald head. According to the Baconites, 
Shakespeare is only a nom de plume for Bacon. 
But the Senator is far too modest to put forth 
such a claim. He contents himself with volumin¬ 
ous extracts from the Lord’s immortal works from 
time to time; one of his favorite quotations being 
—“What’s in a name? A negrose by any other 
name would smell as sweet.” Bacon was named 
Augustus Octavius, after the famous nephew of 
Julius Caesar, which probably accounts for the 
motto he has adopted as his own. Aut Caesar 
(Augustus Octavius), Aut Nullis. Which trans¬ 
lated properly reads—“Render unto Augustus 
Octavius all things which are Caesar’s.” 


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THE SUPREME COURT. 

preme bench. Chief Justice White had a long 
and honorable record before he was called to 
the Supreme court. He comes from a family 
famous in Louisiana history. His grandfather, 
James White, was a judge. His father, Ed¬ 
ward White, was Congressman, and after¬ 
wards Governor of Louisiana. He is now 
nearly seventy years of age. At the outbreak 
of the Civil War he was in the Confederate 
army. After the war he served as state sen¬ 
ator, and later as judge of the Supreme Court 
of Louisiana. In 1890, he was elected to the 
United States Senate and in 1894 was ap¬ 
pointed to the Supreme Court by President 
Cleveland. Two years ago he was elevated to 
the high post of Chief Justice by President 
Taft. Personally he is a veritable mountain 
of a man; big in frame, and massive in intellect. 

Clad in the sombre robes of his office he looks 
the typical judge. On the street, and in the 
privacy of his home, he is most affable and 
democratic. He is a many-sided man to those 
who know him intimately, being an ardent base¬ 
ball “fan” who rarely misses an opportunity to 



Hon. Martin A. Morrison 
Rep. 9th Dist., Ind. 


221 


THE CAPITAL. 



go to the professional games if he has the time 

Next in popular interest is Justice Charles 
Evan Hughes, the famous Governor who left 
such an enviable record in the Empire state, 
before his elevation to the Supreme bench. Mr. 
Hughes has the reputation of being one of the 
most able lawyers of his time. 

So far as the general public is concerned, 
he is probably the best known man on the bench. 
His two terms as Governor of New York 
earned him a prominent place in the annals of 
his’ country. 

Associate Justice Joseph R. Lamar is a south¬ 
ron of distinguished bearing. He is large of 
frame, his eye is clear, and his ruddy complex¬ 
ion • contracts finely with his white hair. In 
dignity and refinement, he typifies the courteous 
southern gentleman. He is the second of his 
name to sit on the Supreme Bench, his cousin, 
L. Q. C. Lamar, having preceded him. His 
promotion to the Supreme Court was a conspic¬ 
uous example of the wiping out of sectionalism 
in the public service—the appointment of a 
southern Democrat by a Republican President. 


222 





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K -lead 













JAMES CLARK McREYNOLDS. 


Of all the birds of the air none can compare 
with Uncle Sam’s Eagle. On all the coins; at the 
crest of every flag staff; and in some shape on all 
the public buildings, is to be found the effigy of 
the Bird of Freedom. “The eagle’s eye,” “the 
eagle’s ferocity,” “the eagle’s swiftness of wing,” 
“the eagle’s claws” and “ the eagle’s daring,” are 
all symbols of success. These attributes are all 
possessed by the new Attorney General in Presi¬ 
dent Wilson’s Cabinet, and it behooves the pre¬ 
datory prowlers known variously as “Combina¬ 
tions in restraint of trade,” “Illegally constituted 
corporations,” and “Monopolistic trusts” to take 
to cover, for an eagle eye is searching the land¬ 
scape and they are in imminent danger of being 
swooped down upon and annihilated, for the new 
Attorney General is a bird. His motto is—“The 
best X raise is a gold eagle.” 

















THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Solomon F. Prouty 
Rep. 7th Dist., Iowa 


From Wyoming comes Associate Justice 
Willis Van Devan ter. Of medium height, olive 
skin, dark, hazel eyes that sparkle with anima¬ 
tion, and raven black hair rebelliously turning 
gray; his whole bearing comports perfectly 
with the ideal of an eminent judge. It was he 
who devised the plan of opening Indian reserva¬ 
tions to settlers by means of drawing lots in¬ 
stead of the mad scramble which used to be in 
vogue and which caused so much litigation 
when government land was thrown open for 
settlement. By reason of his great familiarity 
with the conditions existing in the newer states, 
he is considered a great acquisition to the Su¬ 
preme Bench. 

Associate Justice Horace H. Lurton is from 
Tennessee. He was in the Confederate army 
during the civil war, but that is another story. 
He was so highly esteemed by his old colleague 
in the Federal judiciary, President Taft, that 
the latter appointed him to a seat in the highest 
court in the land. He is very fond of fishing 
as a diversion, and on pleasant days, when his 
legal duties are not too pressing,, can be seen 


224 


THE SUPREME COURT. 


along the banks of the upper Potomac in pur¬ 
suit of the wily bass and pickerel. 

The State of Ohio furnishes a fine specimen 
of legal ability in the person of Justice William 
R. Day. He was Secretary of State during the 
war with Spain. When the Treaty of Peace 
was negotiated, he was a member of the Peace 
commission. He is slight of figure, with the 
head of a typical jurist. 

Justice Joseph McKenna hails from Cali¬ 
fornia. Like Chief Justice White, he is an 
ardent Catholic. In early life he studied for 
the priesthood but later on changed his mind 
to become a lawyer. With his closely cropped 
beard, black stock, and dignified air he resem¬ 
bles an old time statesman. He is a crack shot 
with a fowling piece and is very fond of hunt¬ 
ing. 

The most famous name on the roll of the 
Supreme Court is that of the author of “The 
Autocrat of the Breakfast Table,” which is 
now bourne by his son, Justice Oliver Wendall 
Holmes. As he walks along Pennsylvania ave¬ 
nue you would at once proclaim him a soldier. 



Hon. Everis A. Hayes 
Rep. 8th Dist., Cal. 


225 


THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Oscar Calloway 
Rep. 12th Dist., Texas 


His tall, erect figure; his fierce white military 
mustache; his long, regulation step and mar¬ 
tial bearing stamps him as a militant. He was 
a Union soldier all through the Civil war. 

The newest Justice is Mahlon Pitney, who 
was chancellor of the Supreme Court of New 
Jersey when he was appointed to the Supreme 
bench by President Taft. It is said by his inti¬ 
mates that he possesses the three requisites of 
an eminent lawyer—splendid memory, clear 
perception, and a logic mind. 

The present Supreme Court is largely made 
up of young men. Lamar, Van Devanter, and 
Hughes are comparatively young, the last 
named being born in 1862. 

The Supreme Court room is the most historic 
room in the Capitol. It was here that Thomas 
Jefferson, the first President to be inaugurated 
at the Capitol, took the oath of office and de¬ 
livered his inaugural address. On this occa¬ 
sion, John Adams rudely left the city before 
his successor had been installed. No other 
President ever acted so churlishly. 

Here the Treaty with Napoleon, by which 




226 





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SENATOR HOKE SMITH. 

What’s in a name. A Smith by any other name 
than Hoke would not be uncommon; hence Hoke; 
which rhymes with joke. But Hoke’s no joke. 
He’s the shrewd, astute leader of the Georgia 
Democracy—and that’s no joke. The Georgian 
section of the Democratic party is often very 
obstreperous, not to say stubborn, and frequently 
refuses to be led. Then it has to be pulled. The 
Hon. Hoke has a good pull, and furthermore, being 
a journalist of large calibre, he knows the political 
ropes. If the rope stands the strain, there will 
be progress, as the big Georgia statesman is a 
Progressive Democrat, and a democratic Progres¬ 


sive. 
































































































THE CAPITAL. 



we acquired the Louisiana Territory, was rat¬ 
ified by the Senate which sat in this chamber in 
1803. Here was declared the war with Great 
Britain in 1812. In 1823 the famous “Monroe 
Doctrine” was enacted, and some years later 
a war was declared with Mexico, while the 
Senate occupied this famous hall. 


Hon. William E. Humphreys 
Rep. 1st Dist., Wash. 



228 






CHAPTER XX 



THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 

T can be truly said that the Library 
of Congress is a thing of beauty and 
a joy for all time. It is more than a 
merely beautiful building—it is an 
architectural jewel. 

When Admiral Cockburn, the cocky British 
Admiral strutted up the steps to the chair of 
the Speaker of the House of Representatives 
in 1814, and maliciously ordered the destruc¬ 
tion of all the fine books and rare manuscripts 
which then constituted the original Library of 
Congress, George Washington had been dead 
some fourteen years, or he might have paid 
dearly for his cowardly act of vandalism. 

Established in 1802, by the purchase of some 
three thousand books, the Congressional Li¬ 
brary now, in 1913, numbers over Two mil¬ 
lion volumes and is increasing at an average 
rate of Eighty-eight thousand volumes a year. 

The Library building is so grand in concep¬ 
tion and in execution, and so thoroughly artis¬ 
tic in tone that you instinctively take off your 



22 9 




THE CAPITAL. 


hat upon entering. (Ladies will please under¬ 
stand that this is mere metaphor so far as their 
hats are concerned). 

It is the most beautiful building of its kind 
in the world, and cost Uncle Sam Six million 
and twenty-seven thousand, one hundred and 
twenty-four dollars and fifty cents. 

These figures, being from official sources, 
are reliable. In regard to that fifty-four cents 
—that is presumed to be the amount requisi¬ 
tioned to cover the cost of the beautiful medal 
worn by the courteous official who guards the 
big doorway at the entrance. 

Eight years were consumed in its construc¬ 
tion, and in 1897 when the building was de¬ 
clared finished, there was on hand an unex¬ 
pended balance of three hundred and fourteen 
thousand, four hundred and fifty-two dollars 
and two cents out of the amount appropriated 
by Congress for its completion. 

This reflects very seriously on its construc¬ 
tor, Mr. Edward Pearce Casey. According to 
the methods in vogue in most municipalities, 
such a structure would consume three times 


230 


THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 


eight years in construction and instead of a 
balance of the original appropriation being left, 
there would be bills for extra work to the tune 
of a couple of millions. 

The building is of the Italian renaissance 
style of architecture. There will be almost one 
hundred miles of shelving when, fully com¬ 
pleted, with a capacity of almost five million 
volumes. Nearly two thousand windows ren¬ 
der it the best lighted library in the world. 

On the ground floor are the copyright office, 
reading room for the blind, and superintend¬ 
ent’s office. 

From the circular desk in the Rotunda a per¬ 
fect system of pneumatic tubes and telephones 
connects with the Capitol. Books for congress¬ 
men are conveyed by cable through an under¬ 
ground tunnel. 

The library covers three and three-quarters 
of an acre of ground. 

The bronze fountain at the entrance, is by 
Hinton Perry. It represents the Court of Nep¬ 
tune . As many of the books in this Two mil¬ 
lion volume collection are dry reading, the ap- 



Hon. Robert J. Bulkley 
Rep. 21st Dist., Ohio 


231 





















AUGUSTUS PEABODY GARDNER, M. C. 


Gardener Gardner’s Massachusetts garden is a 
model in its way. His prize plant was a gorgeous 
“Massachusetts Gubernatorial Flower” which 
promised to be the gem of his garden, but—alas! 
an untimely November frost nipped it in the bud. 
His motto is—“In Sacred Cod we trust.” 


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THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 


propriateness of Perry’s subject is plainly ap¬ 
parent. 

The decorations, which excite universal ad¬ 
miration, are wholly the work of American 
sculptors and painters. 

The Central Stair Hall with its highly pol¬ 
ished Italian marble stairway, so beautiful that 
you involuntarily stop in silent admiration of 
its grandeur and magnificence, is unequalled by 
any other entrance hall in the world. Exquis¬ 
itely carved marble balustrades leading up the 
broad steps, carry the eye up to a skylight sev¬ 
enty-two feet above the floor, producing an 
architectural effect which is truly enchanting. 

Elihu Vedder’s beautiful mosaic of Minerva; 
advantageously placed for close scrutiny on the 
wall of the stairway landing, never fails to 
attract the attention of the visitor. The legend 
depicted runs—“Nil invita Minerva quae Mon- 
umentum aere perennius exegit.”—“Minerva 
at her best, built this monument, more enduring 
than bronze.” 

The Representatives’ reading room, which 
is sure to attract your attention as you pass 



Hon. Winfield S. Hammond 
Rep. 2nd Dist., Minn. 


233 


THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Charles B. Smith 
Rep. 41st Dist., N. Y. 


through the corridor leading to the Newspaper 
reading room, is worth more than a passing 
glance. Here are to be found the famous Ital¬ 
ian marble mantels; the finest and most beauti¬ 
ful adornments of the Library building. 

Five well executed paintings by Vedder, dec¬ 
orate the Lobby to the reading room; Gov 
eminent, Good Administration, Peace and 
Prosperity, Corrupt Legislation, and Anarchy. 
They will all repay the closest study, partic¬ 
ularly the last named; which represents Anar¬ 
chy holding aloft the flaming scroll of the Con¬ 
stitution, amid universal wreck and ruin; with 
a lighted bomb at her feet. The stupidest an¬ 
archist can read this lesson. 

These exquisite decorative paintings are uni¬ 
formly beautiful. Dear reader, take time to 
examine them,—and then swell yourself up 
with pride at the thought that they are all the 
work of Americans. 

The Visitors Gallery presents a point of van¬ 
tage from which to view the magnificent ro¬ 
tunda reading room. Here you will see some 
of the most eminent men in the Capital seated 


234 


THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 

at the tables which are arranged in circular 
form around the circular desk. A glance 
around the gallery will probably rivet your eyes 
on some of the beautiful bronze statues of rep¬ 
resentative characters distinguished in various 
fields of learning and achievement. There are 
sixteen of these statues. 

After you get tired of viewing this interest¬ 
ing scene from the gallery you can step down 
stairs, enter the reading room and call for any 
one of the millions of books, walk over to one 
of the green covered tables and read till your 
eyes ache. But if you wish to take a book out, 
you will have to go home, run for Congress, and 
get elected; or secure some official position; for 
the books cannot be taken out by any one who 
is not a President, member of the Supreme 
Court, or of Congress, or a Government Of¬ 
ficial. 

The finest newspaper reading room in the 
world is to be found in the southern wing of the 
Library building. Here are to be found news¬ 
papers from every section of the United States 
and visitors invariably hasten to the files de- 



Hon. William B. Francis 
Rep. 16th Dist., Ohio 


235 


THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Lathrop Brown 
Rep- 1st Dist., N. Y. 


voted to their home states to ascertain what has 
been happening since they have left. During 
the session, there is not a Congressman who is 
not a frequent visitor to this room, to consult 
the files, of his home paper and thereby keep in 
touch with the sentiment in his home-town; as 
the Congressman’s term is only two years, he 
must of necessity be on the qui vive to watch 
for developments that might indicate a breaking 
down of his political fences at home. 

One of the most interesting of rooms is the 
one devoted to a large collection of books 
printed when the art of printing was in its 
infancy. There are arranged in a long series 
of glass cases, books printed in the fifteenth, 
sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Fine ex¬ 
amples of Guttenburg, Faust, Schofifer, Caxton 
and Wenkyn de Worde are to be seen here. 
These old printed pages date from a long dis¬ 
tant time, when books were so valuable they 
were chained securely to the great book-shelves 
still to be found in the ancient libraries. 

In a somewhat earlier age, the renowned 
Alcuinus looked upon the chained volumes in 


236 









_ 

. 




















ANDREW CARNEGIE. 


Andrew Carnegie is a Washingtonian, not by 
birth, but by subpoena. Congress is much worried 
lest the old man should give away ALL his money, 
so he is investigated and examined periodically 
by their various committees. But they needn’t 
worry, and get wrinkles. A Scot is an adept at 
Highland flings—but not at money flings; and 
Andy is a Scot. His motto is—“Money has wings; 
tie a string to it.” 

























THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Asher C. Hinds 
Rep. 1st Dist., Me. 


the old cathedral library at York in those days 
of literary darkness and wrote— 

“There thou shalt find the volumes that contain 

All the ancient fathers who remain; 

There all the Latin writers make their home 

With those that'glorious Greece transferred 
to Rome— 

The Hebrews draw from their celestial 
stream, 

And Africa is bright with learning’s beam.” 

With what pious regard did this refined 
scholar of medieval times commune with his 
beloved “masters of old lore,” as he affection¬ 
ately termed them. 

One afternoon, while seated on one of the 
polished mahogany benches at the base of the 
magnificent marble staircase in the Grand Stair 
Hall, I noticed a little old gentleman enter, ac¬ 
companied by a small party. As he took his 
seat by my side, I at once recognized the well 
known features of that great connoisseur in 
Libraries, Andrew Carnegie. Not a word did 
he utter, as he intently admired the beautiful 
marble columns, polished balustrades, artistic 


238 


THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 


mosaics and masterly executed decorative 
paintings which combine to give to it its beau¬ 
tiful character. As a citizen of the Republic, 
it was his to admire; but no more than mine. 
In fancy, how easy it was to imagine myself a 
plutocrat. Everything in this magnificent 
structure was mine to command. If I had 
built the edifice, and had spent millions to clothe 
its miles of shelving with volumes, I could not 
enjoy it more. An hour previously I had been 
browsing through its wealth of fine books, and 
had been shown as much courtesy and atten¬ 
tion as though I had owned the Library. How 
much more could the little Scotch millionaire 
do? My dream was over, however, when I 
reached the street, and instinctively felt in my 
pocket for a nickel with which to pay my 
trolley-fare back to my hotel, while Andy swept 
by in his magnificent limousine. 



Hon. Walter M. Chandler 
Rep. 19th Dist., N. Y. 



239 







* 


CHAPTER XXI 


THE NEW NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



SEE - THINGS - QUICK visitor 
never appreciates thie exquisite 
beauty which makes Washington 
the finest city in the world in grace 
and nobility of outline and propor¬ 
tion. Even as she awaits the consummation 
of the majestic Commission plan, she presents 
a spectacle of unique attractiveness and allur¬ 
ing beauty. 

The Commission plan involves a comprehen¬ 
sive park program which will include rows of 
public buildings, each one with a distinct indi¬ 
viduality, and yet all of the same classic type 
of architecture. Already the first structure is 
in place on the north sid^ of the Mall—The 
New National Museum. 

This beautiful and ornate structure, whose 
construction was authorized by Congress in 
1904, at a cost of over three million dollars, is 
a magnet which draws all the sightseers who 
come to the Capital. 



240 




THE NEW NATIONAL MUSEUM. 


The museum has a frontage of five hundred 
and sixty-one feet and a depth of three hun¬ 
dred and sixty-five feet. It is designed to house 
the great collections of natural history which 
include the many trophies of hunting expedi¬ 
tions in far distant lands by ex-Presidents and 
others in search of relaxation and adventure. 

Upon entering the museums the first thing 
to attract attention is the spacious auditorium 
with its elevated stage, which is designed to 
afford learned Professors opportunities for the 
delivery of lectures upon many diverse subjects 
pertaining to Ethnology, Archology and vari¬ 
ous other ologies. 

A singular phase of human nature is shown 
by the manner in which these interesting exhib¬ 
its are viewed by the multitudes that stream 
through its spacious galleries. Some of the 
most remarkable geologic collections, which 
must have taken months and even years to 
gather and arrange, will get but a passing 
glance from the hurrying throng, while some 
amusing feature like a wax figure of a hotten- 
tot, or a couple of stuffed monkeys, will attract 



241 


THE CAPITAL. 



the attention of nine-tenths of the visitors who 
happen along. 

There is some food for thought in the con¬ 
templation of the remarkably fine globe on exhi¬ 
bition which shows the northern section of the. 
western hemisphere as it appeared during the 
glacial epoch. The entire continent is shown 
submerged with ice, from two to three hundred 
feet in thickness, extending in a compact, solid 
sheet from the North Pole to as far south as 
the Mason and Dixon line. The areas where 
now stand the cities of Boston, New York, 
Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Buffalo, Chicago and 
St. Louis are shown completely covered with 
an enormous icy blanket, terrific in its immen¬ 
sity. The bare possibility of the recurrence of 
such a cataclysm is enough to chill the imag¬ 
ination and appall the senses. And who can 
say that such an awful occurrence cannot hap¬ 
pen again? 

Some fine casts of monster meteors are also 
exhibited in this gallery. One specimen from 
Mexico, measuring eleven feet, by seven feet, 
eight inches, is particularly noteworthy. The 


242 






THE NEW NATIONAL MUSEUM. 

effect of the impact of such a mass of iron, 
coming to earth with the tremendous velocity 
which a meteor is known to possess, is appall¬ 
ing to the imagination; particularly if such a 
monstrous missile should strike a large city 
like Washington or New York. 

Dess mysterious, but more interesting are 
the fossilized trees from Dakota. These trees 
decayed after being submerged, leaving mat¬ 
rices which were filled up with silicate deposits. 
In this manner perfect replicas, in stone, were 
left of the trees as they stood in the forests. 
In close proximity is displayed, a large model 
showing sixteen fossil forests embedded, one 
on top of the other as they appear .in Yellow¬ 
stone Park. This is chiefly interesting from 
the fact that when the first forest grew to full 
sized trees, it was engulfed by a volcanic erup¬ 
tion, on the top of which there grew another 
forest, which in turn was overwhelmed by vol¬ 
canic debris in which another forest grew to 
maturity to meet a like fate, and so on until 
sixteen sucessive forests met with destruction. 

Enormous skeletons of Dinosaurs and gigan- 


243 


















































WILLIAM BAUCHOP WILSON. 


Hoot mon! dinna ye ken th’ Scot that sits at 
the end of the Cabinet table? There’s a Wilson 
at the head of the table and a Wilson at the foot. 
He’s a braw Scot—he‘at the foot. What matter 
where he sits? Where McGregor sits is the head. 
A bonnie lad is Willie wi’ the pipes, and when he 
pipes for Labor his notes are nae weak. A motto 
has he—’tis—“Let the lads that dance, pay the 
piper—and pay him Union wages.” 


THE CAPITAL. 


ment was found under the peat in an Irish bog 
—probably an Irish Bull Moose. 

At the head of the stairway to the second 
floor, a fine collection of Egyptian mummies 
greets the eye. A small group surrounded one 
of the more beautiful specimens in silent ad¬ 
miration. The guard volunteered the infor¬ 
mation that it was the mummy of an Egyptian 
Queen. 

“Poor thing !” exclaimed a young lady stand¬ 
ing by. “She was buried in her hobble skirt.” 

From ancient Carthage, has been brought 
to the museum a large section of the floor of a 
palace built in 100 B. C. Thereon is repre¬ 
sented in beautiful mosaic, the crouching figure 
of a lion. This fine piece of ancient art speaks 
eloquently of the flourishing state of the fine 
arts existing at this early period in the old 
Egyptian city. 

Skeletons of all forms of animal life abound 
in the next section. One particularly notice¬ 
able one is that of an elephant's head sawed in 
half in such a manner as to display the brain 
cavity, which is exceedingly small for so large 


246 




THE NEW NATIONAL MUSEUM. 


a head. This looks bad for the G. O. P. 

There are many glass cases on this floor, 
containing exhibits of the most interesting 
character. One contains an elaborately con¬ 
structed model of the interior economy of a 
man. 

In contemplating this life-like representation 
of man’s inside machinery one involuntarily 
exclaims “What a wonderful piece of work is 
man!”—until you take a peep at the next case 
and discover that it contains a similarly con¬ 
structed model of a goat, and notice that it is 
just as marvellously fashioned—and then your 
ego drops—and you pass on to the next exhibit. 

Something more substantial and weighty ar¬ 
rests your attention a little farther on, where 
you stop to examine a large boulder of solid 
copper which weighs over three tons. The 
guards waste no time in watching this. 

In the section devoted to oils, there are scores 
of oblong bottles containing petroleum samples 
from every part of the country; enough to make 
“John D.’s” mouth water—paradoxical as that 
may seem. 

247 



THE CAPITAL. 



One exhibit all visitors ask to see, is the 
widely known and much heralded collection of 
trophies of Roosevelt’s African hunting expe¬ 
dition. The magnitude of this agglomeration 
of dead-ones is easily understood when it is 
stated that they number over eleven thousand 
specimens, of which, one hundred and thirty 
are lions, fierce and awful to look upon. The 
closest scrutiny, however, will not disclose the 
one he tried hardest to get—that of the Demo* 
cratic Donkey. 



248 


CHAPTER XXII 


SOCIETY. 

being a great polit- 
also a great social 
one great American 
ty is somewhat more 
than a relaxation from the struggles 
of business life. In the days when the Capitol 
was young, when the city was unkempt, So¬ 
ciety was crude and slatternly. 

But times have changed. The stiff, uncom¬ 
fortable and artificial have given way to a more 
natural and more refined state of society. 
Party distinctions are not so well defined. No 
matter how antagonistic men may be in party 
contests, partisan animosities are never carried 
into social functions. 

Social life at the Capital is divided into two 
classes. There are the people who occupy of¬ 
ficial positions which entitle them to places in 
the social world if they possess the means and 
inclination; and there are the people who are 
not of the official or political class, but who 
reside in Washington because they like its “at- 


WASHINGTON 


N WASHINGTON 

ical centre, is 
centre. It is the 
city where sociel 



249 










-U i xv lx 













































SENATOR WM. H. THOMPSON. 


Woman, lovely woman! Ambitious woman! 
You have no truer, finer champion than the “Sun¬ 
flower Statesman,” who extols your virtues and 
minimizes your blemishes. A crystal-clear ballot- 
box which reflects the attractive features of lovely 
womankind is ever his ideal of a perfect electorate. 
His motto is—“When woman stoops to conquer, 
man had better dodge.” 



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WASHINGTON SOCIETY. 


mosphere”; who like its political life and excite-* 
ment and prefer its society to that of any other 
city. 

There is much dignity and stateliness in 
Washington society. In other cities the prefix 
“Mr.” covers all. At the Capital men are usu¬ 
ally addressed by their titles,—if they have any. 
It is Mr. Congressman, Mr. Senator or Mr. 
Secretary in the case of those entitled to such 
distinction. And in the question of precedence 
Mr. Senator outranks Mr. Congressman. This 
is one reason why the lowly member of the 
“House” always looks longingly to the day 
when he can ascend to the “upper-house.” 

Excessive wealth counts for little at the Cap¬ 
ital. As a matter of fact, there are few min 
of great wealth in Congress or even in the Cab¬ 
inet. As a rule rich men do not affect politics 
in American life as they do in foreign countries. 
T he men prominent in official life are usually 
of small means dependent entirely upon their 
salaries. 

The members of the diplomatic corps, how¬ 
ever, are by reason of their rank, birth and rep- 



Hon. Charles R. Crisp 
Rep. 3rd Dist., Ga. 



251 



THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. James Wickersham 
Rep., Alaska 



resentative character, usually considered at the 
top of the social ladder. They live in a style 
and entertain in a manner befitting their re¬ 
fined station. This has an elevating influence 
on Washington society and is not conducive to 
vulgar display which is so often the case where 
excessive wealth holds dominion. There is no 
fashionable restaurant famous for its ostenta¬ 
tious dinners in Washington. It is in the priv¬ 
acy of the home that entertainments are held. 
Society keeps to itself rather than go on pa¬ 
rade, and it is never on exhibition as it is in 
other large cities. Opera boxes are not engaged 
for the season; there are no authenticated 
promenades like Hyde Park, Champs Elysees, 
or Fifth Avenue. If you are a member, you 
take your friends as invited guests to the Coun¬ 
try club, to Chevy Chase, and meet interesting 
people, but this is not for the indiscriminate 
multitude. 

Position means something at the Capital, but 
persons are everything,—as the ambitious Con¬ 
gressman’s wife found out who fondly imag¬ 
ined that election to Congress carried an open 

252 


WASHINGTON SOCIETY. 


sesame to all doors. It is a bitter lesson the 
socially ambitious wife of the new member 
learns when she realizes that the wife of the 
President, or the wives of Senators and other 
officials do not receive her with open arms. Her 
disillusionment is complete when she reflects 
that while her husband may be a very big man 
in his district, he is a small man at the national 
Capital until he has proved his superiority. In 
other words, they’ve got a most annoying habit 
of looking at a new-comer through the big end 
of the political and social telescope. 

To the man who proves himself only an ordi¬ 
nary member of Congress, the social recogni¬ 
tion which his wife craves will never be his. 

The wives of the Senators from his state will 
return his wife’s call, she will probably be the 
recipient of an invitation to an improvised din¬ 
ner, for appearance sake, but that will be all. 

. Along somewhat similar lines runs the expe¬ 
rience of the other woman who, finding the so¬ 
cial lines too tightly drawn to her where her 
husband garnered his golden pile, imagines that 
the conquest of Washington is easy to one who 



Hon. Samuel B. Avis 
Rep. 3rd Dist., W. Va. 


253 


THE CAPITAL. 




Hon. A. W. Gregg 
Rep. 7th Dist., Texas 



can afford to buy admission. Having a great 
house and many servitors, are to her, reasons 
sufficient to insure easy victory. But such is 
not the case. Her visitors are not the nice peo¬ 
ple, the women she really wants to know. There 
are always men and women who accept her in¬ 
vitations to her expensive entertainments and 
who in the seclusion of their automobiles, as 
they depart from her functions, laugh at her 
pretentions and sneer at her numerous faux 
pas. 

•The social code is full of contrasts. The 
Vice President may live at a hotel and not lose 
caste. A Cabinet officer may walk to a dinner 
engagement instead of arriving in a Limousine, 
and cause no comment. But the President may 
not depart from precedent. He is always the 
President. By virtue of his position he is the 
leader of society. As a rule he is somewhat 
advanced in years, caring little for social di¬ 
versions. An invitation to the White House 
carries with it a command—it is likewise a 
great compliment. The Presidents have never 
been men of great private fortune, and their 


254 


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. 

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^ ; ‘ : 5n: ^- ; - f -A" M ,5:1; <a o I torn ' 


SEN. WILLIAM O’CONNELL BRADLEY. 


Old Kentucky is proud of her fine thorough¬ 
breds, her beautiful daughters, and her favorite 
son, Bill Bradley. She has been very kind to him; 
giving him a Governorship, a United States Sena- 
torship, and several other toys to play with. His 
motto in life is, “A boy’s best friend is his 
mother-state.” 


























THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Duncan U. Fletcher 
U. S. Senator, Florida 



dinners have never been extravagant affairs. 

The New-Year’s reception at the White 
House is a thing long to be remembered. The 
big, spacious East Room is gaily festooned 
with flowers, and in this room are to be seen 
the most eminent people in official life at the 
Capital. It is a spectacle that can be seen in 
no other place, and well repays the long jour¬ 
neys many take to witness it. The President 
welcomes his guests with a kindly, indulgent 
smile, but nothing more. Refreshments are 
never offered at these receptions, and as the 
government foots all the bills incurred for 
flowers, decorations and music, the President’s 
private purse does not suffer, but he would 
most probably be very willing to put his hand 
in his pocket—and keep it there, ( and by so 
doing escape the awful ordeal of hand-shaking 
he is forced to submit to. But alas, custom, 
tyrannical' custom decrees that the President 
must be “pump-handled” on every public occa¬ 
sion. ’Tis the thorn that goes with the rose. 


256 



CHAPTER XXIII 


THE TREASURY. 



HEN President Jackson became im¬ 
patient at the long delay in selecting 
a site for the Treasury building he 
stuck his cane into the ground and 
exclaimed, “Build at once—and 


build here/' 

The decision was unfortunate. Such a beau¬ 
tiful structure should have had a better setting. 
The architect, Mr. Robert Mills, wished to have 
a more commodious location for his stately 
Ionic Temple design, but was overruled by the 
building commission, and the result is, the 
Treasury building is the worst placed structure 
in Washington. 

At about eleven o’clock in the morning 
groups of tourists arrive at the entrance to 
the big building to inspect its very interesting 
interior. The tour usually begins at the big 
vaults in what might be termed the basement 
of the building. The guide is one who has 
learned all the particulars of the many depart¬ 
ments by heart and very obligingly reels them 



257 




THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Henry George 
Rep., 21st Dist., N. Y. 


off for the benefit of the successive parties of 
sightseers who arrive hour after hour during 
the time the building is open to visitors. 

The big vaults contain silver dollars in bags 
piled up like cord-wood, and gold dollars in 
similar bags, with the exception that they don’t 
look so tantalizingly plentiful. 

The next sight to make the heart of the vis¬ 
itor ache is that of the big macerator, a ma¬ 
chine that chews up money as a cow chews fcud. 
It is all very distressing—this destruction of 
real money, even if it is worn out. One cannot 
help thinking that one more round could be 
taken out of the big packages before they were 
led to execution. 

The macerator is a huge receptacle of steel, 
containing a quantity of water, and fitted with 
closely set knives, which, as they revolve cut 
and macerate the notes to a pulp. An average 
of one million dollars a day is destroyed by this 
machine. On one occasion recently, over one 
hundred and fifty millions of dollars in bank¬ 
notes and bonds were placed in the macerator 
for destruction. 


258 


THE TREASURY. 


The greatest care is exercised in correctly 
counting the bank-notes received and issued. 
The best counters are women. The suffragists 
might make use of this fact—The women will 
be expert vote counters when they get the 
ballot. 

Very remarkable fs the work done by the 
expert in damaged money. Burned money, 
shreds and patches of bank-notes that would 
defy anyone but an adept in such matters to 
decipher, are received daily for redemption. 
Money hidden in stoves and accidently 
scorched, notes chewed up by dogs, ashes of 
bank-notes partly burned, and money torn to 
shreds by lunatics, form some of the problems 
offered for solution. 

Guarding the Treasury is a very serious 
question and has been given great considera¬ 
tion. A force of seventy watchmen is divided 
into three reliefs. Night and day the big build¬ 
ing is patroled. Electric bells are sounded 
every half-hour in the Captain's office. This 
office is in direct communication with the Police 
Department, with Fort Myer, and the Arsenal. 



Hon. James W. Good 
Rep. 5th Dist., Iowa 


259 


* 






dW? TT'JHhg' 







* 

















JOHN J. FITZGERALD, M. C. 

It was the custom of the ancient Romans to 
place the purse strings of the Public Treasury into 
the hands of the ablest and most trusted Pretorian. 
Caesar knew that the sinews of war derived their 
strength from the public money banks. Hence his 
solicitude as to their custodian. Chairman Fitz¬ 
gerald of the Appropriations Committee is of Irish 
stock—fighting stock. A centurion who fights to 
the last cent. His motto is—“Audaces fortuna 
juvat”—“Fortune favors the brave”—or “More 
power to him.”—take your choice. 



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THE TREASURY. 


If occasion warranted, a thousand men could 
be called on for protection. 

The United States Treasury collects and 
handles a greater amount of money than any 
similar institution on earth. It devolves upon 
the Secretary of the Treasury to advise Con¬ 
gress what amount of money will be required 
to properly run the government for the ensu¬ 
ing year. The Treasury Department also col¬ 
lects all the taxes levied by Congress for the 
government’s support. 

It is a prevailing idea that the United States 
government has been out of the banking busi¬ 
ness since Andrew Jackson put the old United 
States Bank out of commission, but such is not 
the case. At the office of the sergeant-at-arms 
of the House of Representatives there is a 
Federal Bank run exclusively for the benefit 
of congressmen. This House Bank does every 
kind of banking business with the exception of 
lending money. Each fiscal month ends on the 
third in both branches of Congress. On the 
fourth of each month each congressman is 
credited with $625 in this bank, subject to his 




261 



THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. William J. Browning 
Rep., 5th Dist., N. J. 


check. Every banking function like the cash¬ 
ing of checks, receiving deposits, and collec¬ 
tions is performed for members of the House. 

An idea of its scope can be gathered from 
the fact that it does a business of over four 
million dollars annually. 

The Treasurer of the United States after 
receiving the individual salary receipts, pays 
the money to the Bank which in turn honors 
the members’ checks to the amount credited. 

One of the most recent laws passed to pre¬ 
vent counterfeiting is that which prohibits 
moving-picture companies from making films 
which show processes of counterfeiting. One 
company had produced a most elaborate film 
showing the interior of a den of counterfeiters 
successfully imitating and passing spurious 
bank-notes. This was immediately suppressed 
and all the films and negatives seized and de¬ 
stroyed. 

There are many ways in which the Treasury 
is from time to time enriched. For instance 
all bank-notes destroyed in great calamities like 
conflagrations, sinking of ships at sea, and 


262 


THE TREASURY. 


other accidents are a distinct gain to Uncle 
Sam. The metal in a one cent peice is worth 
but a fraction of its face value. When this 
coin is lost the Treasury profits exceedingly 
through the different between the actual and 
face values. Nearly nine million of the old 
half-cent pieces have never been returned to 
the Treasury department, and considerably 
over a million of the two and three-cent pieces 
have disappeared—'For to every one that hath, 
shall be given, and he shall abound/’ 

A lucrative source of income to the Treasury 
is the Internal Revenue Bureau. This bureau 
dates from 1791, when a special tax was levied 
on Whiskey. This tax was fixed at eighteen 
cents a gallon. It is now one dollar and ten 
cents a gallon, but its devotees don’t stop at a 
little thing like that. 

But when the first tax of a few cents a gal¬ 
lon was put upon the fiery-fluid it almost led 
to a civil war, which shows how much the times 
have changed in one hundred and twenty-two 
years. 

Uncle Sam has lately installed an innovation 



Hon. Samuel Rea 
Pres., Penna R. R. 


263 


THE CAPITAL. 


that promises much in the way of economy in 
the running expense of the Treasury Depart¬ 
ment. It is a laundry for soiled paper money, 
and in view of the added life it will give to 
bank-notes, the estimates for the current year 
have been reduced many hundreds of thousands 
of dollars. It has been objected to on the score 
that the washing of the notes made counter¬ 
feiting easy. But this objection has been over¬ 
come by the use of an ink that will stand the 
cleansing process better. This new ink is an¬ 
other government secret like the silk fibres used 
exclusively in American bank-notes and will 
render counterfeiting more difficult than ever 
and now it can truthfully be said that “IBs a 
bad note that won’t wash.” 



264 





CHAPTER XXIV 


\ 


ENGRAVING AND PRINTING MONEY. 

T is conceded that the handsomest 
paper currency in the world is that 
which is printed at the Bureau of En¬ 
graving and Printing at Washing¬ 
ton. From an artistic standpoint, 
the United States banknote is a work of art. 
In some cases the most eminent decorative ar¬ 
tists of the country have been intrusted with 
the designing of these notes, and the engrav¬ 
ings of the portraits and vignettes are unsur¬ 
passed as specimens of steel engraving. There 
is nothing anomalous in the assertion that 
Uncle Sam knows how to make money. 

That the American banknote is the despair 
of the counterfeiter is evinced in the fact that 
out of an issue of over $3,000,000,000, less that 
$15,000 worth of counterfeit money has been 
detected. 

“Is this where you manufacture 'the root of 
all evil?’ ” I inquired one day of the official who 
guards the door of the Money Printery. He 
gave me back a$ good as I sent. “Yes, we 

265 


























































SENATOR JACKSON. 


The name Stonewall Jackson has been made 
famous in American History. There is another— 
a Jackson who stands upon a stone wall inscribed 
with the mystic letters G. O. P. which being freely 
deciphered, signify, Gone out Party, as it has gone 
out of power in old Maryland and taken the 
worth}/- Senator with it. The doughty Jackson 
avers that some day the tide will turn and then a 
stone wall will be handy to have in the party. 








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ENGRAVING AND PRINTING. 


show you how to make money here/' he replied, 
then turning to a young lady who stood ready 
to guide a waiting party through the building* 
he said: 

“This gentleman wishes to know all about 
the making of money—afford him every facil¬ 
ity for learning the art, and then furnish the 
secret service bureau with a perfect description 
of him, together with as good a photograph 
you can get of his suspicious looking counte¬ 
nanced As he got off this little pleasantry at 
my expense he grinned broadly. 

I could well afford to stand the raillery how¬ 
ever, when I noticed the bright and affable 
guide he had intrusted me to, in my inspection 
of the interesting building. 

On the wall of the waiting room is a large 
frame containing samples of the work done in 
the building. In this collection is a $10,000 
gold certificate, the largest note issued. 

“There are nearly three thousand employees 
in this building, two-thirds of whom are 
women/’ began the young lady by way of in¬ 
troduction. 



Hon. J. B. Calvo 
Minister of Costa Rica 


267 


THE CAPITAL. 




“They'll outvote the men when women get 
the franchise/' I remarked. 

“Residents of the District of Columbia have 
no vote," she responded in a deprecatory tone. 

“This room," she announced with a wave of 
the hand over the room we had just entered, 
“contains six hundred employees engaged in 
the printing of the notes." 

The large spacious room seemed a perfect 
forest of hand-presses. The operation of print¬ 
ing is very simple. A printer stood on one side 
of the press with a small hand roller covered 
with a black, sticky looking ink, which he rolled 
thoroughly into the engraving on the steel plate 
lying on the bed of the press, then he wiped 
off all the surplus ink with a cloth, completing 
the operation finally with his bare arm which 
he dexterously used to remove the small par¬ 
ticles of unnecessary ink remaining on the 
plate. Opposite to him on the other side of the 
press, stood a girl holding a well dampened 
sheet of paper which she carefully placed on 
the now ready plate. With a quick movement 
the printer adjusted the tympan, or cover, and 


268 


ENGRAVING AND PRINTING. 


with a turn of the long handle the plate was 
run through the press. On its return the 
printed sheet was removed and closely inspected 
by the girl while the printer prepared the plate 
for another impression. 

“These printers are expert in their work and 
as they work piece work, sometimes make as 
high as ten dollars a day,” explained the guide. 

This is one method of printing that has not 
changed in four hundred years. Printing from 
the steel intaglio engraved plate was common 
in Albert Durer’s time and it is rather remark¬ 
able that with all the marvellous advances made 
in the printing art, no improvement has been 
made in this particular branch. It is true that 
steel plate printing can be done on power 
presses, but the Government deems the hand- 
press method the only proper way to print un- 
counterfeitable banknotes. 

“The silk-fibred paper used in the making ot 
these notes is made in a small town in Massa¬ 
chusetts,” continued the tireless guide, “and is 
a closely guarded trade secret, while the law 
forbids any one to have such paper in their 


269 

















































ENGRAVING AND PRINTING. 


\ 


possession. It, is received at the Bureau in 
packages containing one thousand sheets each, 
and to each of these pressmen, one package is 
given at a time.” 

“Homeopathic doses, as it were,” I remarked. 

“A good specific for dishonest impulses,” re¬ 
torted the young lady. 

“There are fifteen departments in this Bu¬ 
reau,” she continued, “and each piece of work 
passes through the hands of thirty different 
people. A perfect system of receipting and 
checking is in vogue, and at the close of the day 
everything is delivered into the hands of the 
officials of the Bureau, and every count is ver¬ 
ified before the employees are allowed to leave 
the building.” 

“You haven't shown me how they engrave 
the plates,” I remarked with a smile. 

“The engraving room is never shown to 
visitors. The utmost care is taken to guard 
against the loss of plates. The original plate 
is never used in printing, a transfer being made 
to another plate of softened steel, which is 
afterward slightly hardened and printed from.” 



Hon. W. B. Caperton 
Rear Admiral, U. S. N. 


271 


THE CAPITAL. 





This latter description was slightly inaccur¬ 
ate. A banknote is engraved in sections. There 
is never a completely engraved plate. One en¬ 
graver will cut the portrait, another the let¬ 
tering, and others the lathe work, seal and bor¬ 
ders, each an expert in his particular line. 

The precaution of excluding visitors from 
witnessing the process of engraving is unnec¬ 
essary. No engraver, however expert, could 
exactly duplicate his own work, line for line. 
Modern counterfeiting is not done by re-en¬ 
graving a note by hand. The new process of 
Photo-engraving in intaglio is the danger now 
days. I suggested a method that would effec¬ 
tually balk any attempt to counterfeit a bank¬ 
note by chemical processes. By printing part 
of the note in ink so light—(preferably light 
blue)—that it could not be photographed, the 
danger of counterfeiting would be obviated 
completely. 

For one engraver to make an engraving on 
a banknote that another engraver could not 
imitate would seem to be almost an impossibil¬ 
ity. It has been suggested to the author that 


272 


ENGRAVING AND PRINTING. 


a portrait engraved after the-manner of his 
Lincoln single-line portrait printed as the front¬ 
ispiece of this book would be uncounterfeitable 
by any engraver in the world. If the reader 
will kindly examine this engraving with a mag¬ 
nifying glass he will soon perceive what the 
artist knows to be a fact—that it is inimitable. 



273 


CHAPTER XXV 


MAIL MATTER. 

LMOST a million letters an hour; 
over a quarter of a million money 
orders a day; over Sixteen billion 
pieces of mail a year. This is the 
record of Uncle Sam's Post Office 
Department, the largest in the world. 

The growth of this business has been phe- 
nominal. In 1840, thirty-five cents a year was 
spent for postage by each citizen. In the pres¬ 
ent year the average citizen is credited with 
an expenditure of two dollars and thirty cents. 
As this estimate was made by the Postal au¬ 
thorities before the installation of the Parcel 
Post, it is presumed that the next figures will 
greatly exceed this amount. 

Marvellous as has been the growth of the 
Post Office it is not commensurate with what 
would be its increase if one-cent letter postage 
were adopted. This has been promised by Con¬ 
gress as soon as the Postmaster General can 
show the Department to be self-supporting. 
The great stumbling block in the way of this 









RICHARD BARTHOLDT, M. C. 


Some of the best goods imported into the United 
States bear the mark “Made in Germany.” Con¬ 
gressman Bartholdt, of Missouri, was born in 
Germany and as a product of the “Fatherland” he 
rivals the best German importations. As Presi¬ 
dent of the Interparliamentary Union, he is an 
ardent advocate of International peace. He is said 
to keep a fine upstanding dove of peace in his 
back yard in St. Louis. His motto is—“To the 
Pound with the War-Dogs that delight to bark 
and bite.” 














3 


















THE CAPITAL. 




achievement lies at the door of Congress itself. 
The last Post Office report showed that almost 
three million pounds of franked congressional 
mail matter was carried by the Department. 
This in addition to the twenty-five million 
pounds of government department mail matter 
carried makes the principal obstacle to the 
adoption of this great boon to the letter writing 
public. 

But the franking abuse is being reformed. 
The old-fashioned orthodox protection tracts, 
the thread-bare tariff reform pamphlets, and 
the various electionering documents of politi¬ 
cians seeking re-election, no longer receive the 
hospitality of the mails. The technicality upon 
which the use of the frank is refused is that the 
matter offered is not taken from the govern¬ 
ment’s official publication, The Congressional 
Record. This reform was accomplished by a 
simple bureau fiat. 

When it is understood that the privilege of 
franking costs the government twenty million 
dollars, of which over three million dollars is 
credited to political uses, the importance of this 


276 





SENATOR WM. S. KENYON. 


Senator Kenyon, of Iowa, is an avowed champion 
of the Tariff and he doesn’t care a Keokuk dam 
who knows it. He’s an artist in his line, and his 
portrayal of Uncle Sam in the slimy folds of the 
Democrats “Tariff-Bill-snake” is a masterpiece of 
High (Tariff) Art. His motto is—“The lo-way is 
the best way.” 










THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. John E. Raker 
Rep., 2nd Dlst., Cal. 


single reform is seen to be plainly manifest. 

Senator Kenyon has introduced a bill to pro¬ 
vide stamps for franks, and that account be 
kept of the stamps issued to those entitled to 
the privilege. It is not proposed that the 
stamps should be limited, but merely that the 
accounts should be kept. With such a law in 
force no Congressman would have the assur¬ 
ance to apply for stamps sufficient to mail his 
washing, clothing, or political documents, to 
say nought of type-writers, furniture and brie 
a brae. 

The Government’s business methods are no¬ 
toriously loose. Officials neither know nor care 
about costs. The successful business man’s 
first anxiety is to know what his costs are. No 
such uneasiness affects the Government’s man¬ 
agers. Postal parcel stamps are interchange¬ 
able. A parcel stamp will carry a letter. The 
Postal officials cannot tell what it costs to carry 
either parcels or letters when accounts are 
juggled in this manner. 

The transportation of the mails on the rail¬ 
ways, including the pay of the necessary postal 


278 


POSTAL MAIL MATTER. 


clerks, is over seventy-five million dollars an¬ 
nually. 

Supplies cut no inconsiderable figure in the 
expenditure account of the Department. Va¬ 
rious attempts have been made to cut down 
the four million dollars required every year, 
but with little show of success. One item, that 
of twine to tie up packages, costs almost two 
hundred thousand dollars a year and the twine 
used would reach to the enormous distance of 
five hundred thousand miles, if stretched out 
to its full length. 

There is a deficit of nearly thirty millions of 
dollars in the Rural Free Delivery Service 
There is no disposition, however, to curtail or 
restrict this branch of post office business as it 
has recompenses which amply justify its oper¬ 
ation. 

Twenty-five thousand letters a day are sent 
to the Capitol. All the government depart¬ 
ments receive heavy installments of mail mat¬ 
ter for which no revenue is received by the 
Postal Department. 

More than a thousand postage stamps a year 



Hon. Frank B. Willis 
Rep., 8th Dist., Ohio 


279 


THE CAPITAL. 




are issued for every man, woman and child in 
the United States. Almost one hundred thou¬ 
sand one dollar stamps are used annually. It 
may surprise some readers to know that one 
hundred dollar stamps are issued to answer 
some of the requirements of the postal service. 

The origin of the postage stamp dates back 
to 1845. An English Post Office official while 
at a wayside inn noticed the daughter of the 
landlord closely scrutinizing a letter which had 
just been handed to her by the postman. As 
it was the custom to collect the amount of post¬ 
age due on the delivery of the mail, he awaited 
payment. The maiden was about to return the 
letter, when the official thinking to render her 
a service, paid the postage and restored the 
letter to her. She then confessed that she had 
a secret code with her lover by which they put 
their messages on the outside of the letters, 
decipher them on receipt, and promptly return 
them to the postman without paying charges. 
This avowal caused the official to devise the 
postage-in-advance stamp which is in use at the 
present time. 




280 


POSTAL MAIL MATTER. 


The installation of the Parcel Post system 
has brought many problems to be solved by the 
Department. The zone system adopted is a 
new principle in post office routine. A country 
of small territory can afford to have one rate 
only, but when distances are so great as they 
are in the United States, the problem assumes 
a different phase. 

Under the new law the Postmaster General 
has the power to change the classifications of 
mailable articles, rates of postage, the weight 
schedule, and the system of zones, with the ap¬ 
proval of the Interstate Commerce Commission. 
Hence it becomes particularly necessary that 
the Postmaster General should be a man who 
has ability and integrity as well as being one 
with a sincere inclination to serve the public. 

Many conveniences have lately been intro¬ 
duced in the regular mail service. The privi¬ 
lege of precanceling stamps is of great advan¬ 
tage to firms who mail thousands of packages 
daily. The privilege of sending unstamped 
third and fourth class matter through the mail 
by big users of postal facilities, is a great boon 




281 


$ 











































































ALBERT SIDNEY BURLESON. 


It is extremely doubtful if Albert Sidney Burle¬ 
son knew of the great burden he was taking upon 
himself when he accepted the post of Postmaster 
General. Think of the awful responsibility of 
being the custodian of the myriads of tender 
epistles of love that emanate from the bosoms of 
sighing swains and swainettes who helplessly 
rely on the efficacy and promptitude of Uncle 
Sam’s Postal Department. Think of the thou¬ 
sands of tender missives laden with burning kisses 
and various other tokens of consuming affection 
entrusted to his care for safe transmission; and 
of the aching hearts, should they fail to reach # 
their destination and inadvertently land in the 
dead-letter office through the inadequacy of their 
postage. God of Billet Doux, your worshippers 
are many—betray them not. 






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POSTAL MAIL MATTER. 


to them. By this means a business house can 
send out two thousand or more identical pieces 
of mail by printing on the wrappers or envel¬ 
opes the amount of postage paid, the office at 
which it was paid, and the number of the per¬ 
mit as a means of identification. 

The most interesting institution in the big 
Post Office building on Pennsylvania avenue is 
the Dead Letter Office. It receives almost fif¬ 
teen million “dead” letters a year, and almost 
ten million post cards. However, it is not as 
dead as its name implies, as quite recently a 
couple of live snakes, and several lively alliga¬ 
tors were taken out of a package received from 
Florida. There are all sorts of curious things 
exhibited in the museum maintained on the top 
floor, such as jewelry, corsets, doll babies, a 
snake's hide, opera glasses, rabbit's foot, gloves, 
a marriage license, a dog license, a gold pen, 
and quite a collection of photographs. 

Just before Christmas there is an annual dead 
letter sale. This sale usually nets the Depart¬ 
ment about ten thousand dollars. Thousands 
of letters addressed to Santa Claus are re- 



Hon. Isaac R. Sherwood 
Rep. 9th Dist., Ohio 


283 


THE CAPITAL. 




ceived about Christmas-time. These were for¬ 
merly destroyed, but of late years several kindly 
ladies have undertaken to see that they reached 
their destination and the requests of the little 
children who sent them complied with as far 
as possible. As a result many a little tot re¬ 
ceives a present from that red-nosed, fat-bellied 
Christmas-time benefactor of little children,, 
whose post office address is at the North Pole. 



284 




CHAPTER XXVI 



INVENTION'S HOME. 


necessity is the mother of inven¬ 
tion, the Daddy must be living in the 
United States, and the cradle for 
their numerous progeny can be 
found in the Patent Office. 

There is no hint nor menace of race suicide 
here when you scan the birth records and find 
that one million patents were recorded in the 
first one hundred and twenty years of the ex¬ 
istence of this “Home of Invention." And at 
the rate patents are issued at the present time, 
the next thirty years will suffice to record the 
next million. 

Uncle Sam's Patent Office is indeed a cradle 
of invention, offering as it does the fullest pro¬ 
tection for the offspring of the inventor's brain. 
In granting an application our government un¬ 
dertakes to be the guardian and protector of 
the inventor as it ascertains for him the fact 
that his invention is new before granting him 
“letters patent," thus establishing his right to 
priority. When his application is finally 



285 


















































HON. ROBERT F. BROUSSARD. 


A dealer in futures is Congressman Broussard, 
of Louisianna, who has captured a seat in the 
United States Senate for 1915. The Pelican is a 
wise bird in selecting “Bob,” who has served his 
State so well in Congress. His motto is—-“To 
every one that hath (seats in Congress) shall be 
given (seats in the Senate).” 




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INVENTION’S HOME. 


granted he can be reasonably sure of having 
acquired rights which can be sustained in the 
courts. European nations render no such serv¬ 
ice to their inventors. Their patent office only 
record inventions, issuing certificates for pat¬ 
ents. 

Their governments do not lend assistance to 
inventors to ascertain rights of priority, as 
does the United States government. 

Many American inventors, not knowing for¬ 
eign patent laws, make haste to secure patents 
in European countries in the belief that such 
patents grant the same security as an Amer¬ 
ican patent. But such is not the case. In fact, 
instead of a foreign patent certificate being a 
protection it frequently becomes a source of 
danger as unscrupulous pirates seize upon all 
new ideas of evident value and re-patent them. 

Uncle Sam's patent is a very different affair, 
being to all intents and purposes a warranty 
deed to the inventor who can thus feel secure 
that his ideas are not pirated from him and in¬ 
corporated in another patent, and that he will 
not be under the necessity of instituting expen- 



Hon. William C. Houston 
Rep., 5th Dist., Tenn. 


287 


THE CAPITAL. 



sive law suits to prove title to his own property. 

As a result of the perfect system in vogue 
the business has grown so enormously that a 
new building will soon be a necessity—it has 
outgrown its cradle. It would seem from a 
cursory examination of the thousands of pat¬ 
ented devices that the field of invention was 
well-nigh exhausted and that there was nothing 
left to invent, but the stream seems to be inex¬ 
haustible. 

The patent system had its inception in the 
Federal Constitution. 

The First Congress created a patent commis¬ 
sion consisting of the Secretary of State, Sec¬ 
retary of War, and the Attorney General. It 
was fully three months before an application 
for a patent was made, and in the latter part 
of 1790 Samuel Hopkins happened along with 
a process of making pot and pearl ashes which 
he thought ought to be protected by the govern¬ 
ment from infringement. This was the first 
patent granted. A few years later the system 
was changed, in which the Secretary of State 
was constituted chief patent commissioner, and 


288 


INVENTION’S HOME. 

the manner of granting patents was much sim¬ 
plified. From this time on, the issuance of pat¬ 
ents increased with great rapidity and soon the 
American inventors led the world. 

Frequently some epoch-making invention 
will bring a whole train of inventions in its 
wake. With the introduction of the sewing- 
machine, hundreds of devices for its perfection 
were patented. Before the automobile was in- 

r Hon. Horace W. Vaughan 

vented there was no use for the myriads of at- Rep. ist Dist., Texas 
tachments which have made the perfect ma¬ 
chine. 

Two-thirds of all the wealth of the nation is 
directly attributable to the product of the 
Patent office. In the field of electricity, an in¬ 
dustry representing an investment of several 
billions of dollars is the result of patents issued 
from the modest gray building in Washington, 
and this apparently is only the beginning. 

What the future has in store in the development 
of this “marvel of the universe” can only be 
conjectured. 

Like the Copyright Bureau, the Patent Of¬ 
fice receipts are far in excess of the cost of H0 R; p Ch 4 th le Dist. r ! t Md!! ,m 




289 


THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. George A. Neely 
ftep. 7th Dlst., Kan. 



Hon. Jacob Johnson 
Rep., Utah 


maintainance. Each applicant for a patent is 
assessed a fee of $35.00, This, with other re¬ 
ceipts, has resulted in creating a surplus of over 
$7,000,000. This is a phase of government 
ownership worth thinking about. 

Although the artisans of the country have 
violently opposed the introduction of patented 
labor-saving machinery, the result has been 
tremendously to their benefit. In 1891 Con¬ 
gress instituted an investigation which showed 
that the average mechanic got twice as much 
in wages as his predecessor got in 1840; and 
in 1913, more than twice as much as his proto¬ 
type in 1891. 

Patents covering inventions relating to trans¬ 
portation have far exceeded in volume those re¬ 
lating to any other phase of human activity. 
As a result, a wonderful saving has accrued to 
the people. In the primal days of the country, 
freight transportation, per mile, cost from 
twenty to twenty-five cents per ton. At pres¬ 
ent the average freight charge is less than one 
cent per ton. 

Through the development of farming ma- 


290 


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■ 

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' 



DUDLEY FIELD MALONE. 


The Ancient Greeks, placing oratory high 
amongst the intellectual gifts of man, conferred 
upon Demosthenes the palm of excellence in 
eloquence. Heir to nearly all that the father of 
oratory possessed is Demosthenes Jr.—otherwise 
Dudley Field Malone. Dudley’s field is not the 
Chautauqua field. As Collector of the port of 
New York his field is in the Custom House, where 
his duties are mainly Tariff duties; his motto be¬ 
ing, “Uncle Sam expects every man to pay his 
duties.” 














THE CAPITAL. 




chinery, made possible by the patent system, 
the productive capacity of the farm has in¬ 
creased three-fold. It cost $5.00 per acre to 
an acre of wheat by the old sickle method. 
Today an acre of wheat can be harvested for 


Hon. William E. Cox 
Rep. 3rd Dist., Md. 


fifty-thousand patents have been is- 
inventions relating to agricultural ma- 
ry. Probably a billion dollars would not 
the cost of the farm machinery owned 
by the farmers of the country, and yet the ap¬ 
plication of machinery to farming operations 
is declared to be only in its infancy. 

Under the stimulating influence of the patent 
system, the value of our manufacturer has in¬ 
creased marvelously. The wages of employees 
have advanced five-fold, while the number of 
operatives has been quadrupled. The work 
done today by the five million workers could not 
be duplicated by one hundred millions under the 
primitive conditions of our grand-daddies. 

The inventive genius of the machine shops 
seems to know no bounds. His versatility is 
remarkable. He has perfected huge hydraulic 


292 


INVENTION’S HOME. 


machinery capable of exerting a force of fif¬ 
teen thousand tons. One of his feats is to man¬ 
ufacture wire cables graded from a diameter 
of over two feet to one-tenth that of a school¬ 
girl’s hair; wires so delicate that they can be 
weaved into cloth that contains thirty thousand 
meshes to the square inch. 

Iron is so manipulated by these modern 
necromancers of manufacture that it can be 
made twelve times as valuable as gold, when 
converted into hairsprings for watches. 

The patent system has completely revolu¬ 
tionized the making of shoes. By means of 
lately patented shoe machinery a pair of shoes 
can be made in twenty minutes. It used to be 
a two-day job for the old fashioned cobbler to 
turn out a tolerably good pair of brogans. 

In George Washington’s day it took the 
earnings of a month of common labor to buy 
a single bed sheet. A day’s work at “union 
labor” rates will now buy one. In the old days 
it required the proceeds of two days’ labor to 
purchase a gridiron. Now they can be bought 
at the ten-cent store. 



Hon. Irvine L. 
Rep. 11th 



Hon. Joseph A. Goulden 
Rep. 23rd Dist. f N. Y. 


293 


THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Woodson R. Oglesby 
Rep. 24th Dlst., N. V. 



Hon. Ambrose Kennedy 
Rep. 3rd Dlst., R. I. 


The most significant accomplishment of in¬ 
ventive genius is along the line of machinery 
to increase the efficiency of the power of coal. 
A lump of coal weighing two pounds has the 
power of a horse working twelve hours. If 
the full force and power of coal could be utilized 
on a modern Dreadnought, two hundred tons 
would drive it across the Atlantic ocean. To 
make electricity directly from coal is Edison's 
most cherished dream. 

The will-o'-the-wisp of invention is the per¬ 
petual motion machine. Would-be inventors of 
this impossiblity have been driven to suicide. 
The most remarkable ingenuity has been ex¬ 
pended on this fatuous idea. One man devised 
a water wheel for pumping water into a reser¬ 
voir above; this water in turn to pump water 
back into the reservoir by turning the wheel as 
it descended. Another man is said to have 
worked ten years on a plan which he was con¬ 
vinced would accomplish his purpose, until he 
endeavored to make a working model. When 
he found it impossible to make it work he com¬ 
mitted suicide. 


294 








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SERENO PAYNE 

Representative Payne of New York gave the 
Democrats a pain—or rather a Payne-Tariff law, 
which drove many of them into the Congressional 
restaurant to cool off. When they recovered, they 
resolved to kill this child of miscegenation, or 
unholy alliance, as they termed it; and now the 
author of the famous tariff bill which bears his 
name can be seen daily rehearsing the lines from 
Hamlet, “Alas, poor Bill! I knew him well. A 
fellow of infinite jest—in fact, he was full of jokes 
and jokers.” And then he sheds tears—bitter 
tears — ad libitum — ad valorum. His motto is — 
“There are more things in a Tariff Bill than are 
dreamt of in Political philosophy.” 



















































































































THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Dan. V. Stephens 
Rep. 3rd Dist. f Neb. 



The man that invented the roller-skate had 
troubles of his own. After he had spent a long 
time in perfecting his idea it cost him one 
hundred and twenty-five thousand dollars in 
England to defend his claim from pirates, but 
he eventually cleared over a million dollars 
from his invention. 

The toy called the returning ball, a small 
wooden ball attached to an elastic-rubber 
string, netted over fifty thousand dollars to its 
deviser. Another toy, the Dancing Jim Crow, 
brought eighty odd thousand dollars to its in¬ 
ventor. The spring-roller for window shades 
is credited with a profit of one hundred thous¬ 
and dollars a year during the life of the patent. 
Such a simple thing as a copper tip for child¬ 
rens’ shoes paid two million dollars to the man 
who invented it, while the owner of the patent 
for driving wells into the bowels of the earth 
struck a veritable gold mine containing three 
million dollars. 

The Patent Office has been the scene of many 
sanguinary conflicts. Probably the greatest 
fight ever put up was that over the Cash Reg- 

296 


Hon. Charles Booher 
Rep. 4th Dist., Mo. 



INVENTION’S HOME. 

ister. The battle between the National Cash 
Register and the Hailwood Register extended r 
over many years and cost a big volume of 
money. 

These big Patent Office battles involving 
millions of dollars, contrast vividly with the 
condition of affairs which existed in the early 
days of the country. A patent was granted by 
the Crown, in 1646, to Joseph Jenks for “an 
engine for the more speedy cutting of grass and 
hay.” This piece of “machinery” was a simple 
mowing scythe, a successor to the sickle, and 
the predecessor of a long line of “grass and hay 
cutters” which finally led to that greatest of all 
agricultural tools—the modern reaper. 




Hon. William E. Williams 
Rep.-at-Large, III. 


297 







CHAPTER XXVII 

THE STATUES. 

E KNOW an age best by its statu¬ 
ary and monumental piles. Colors 
will fade and canvas will decay, but 
the sculptured form will endure even 
though crumbled and corroded by 
the ravages of time. 

That “Art is long though life is short” ap¬ 
plies with telling force when sculpture is con¬ 
sidered, for the sculptor's chisel almost makes 
immortality for the statue's original. 

The sculptured stones of the ancient Assyr¬ 
ian Monarchies, and the Pyramids, Obelisks 
and rudely fashioned Sphynxes of Egypt re¬ 
cord the status of their civilization better than 
do their primitive hieroglyphics. 

Phidias and Praxiteles have eloquently por¬ 
trayed the exalted state of civilization and re¬ 
finement attained by the ancient Greeks. These 
beautiful works of art have been the objects of 
sincere wonder and admiration for many suc¬ 
cessive generations and attest vividly the great 
superiority of the artistic Athenians in their 
days of civilization and refinement. 




298 




THE STATUES. 


That Washington's early statuary is defici¬ 
ent in artistic merit is due to the fact that the 
Republic was young and not much given to the 
refinements of life, but the work of later days, 
however, has amply compensated for this short¬ 
coming. 

The chief offense against good taste in 
Washington art is to be found in Statuary Hall 
in the Capitol building. Here are to be found 
some fearfully and wonderfully made statuary. 

In 1864, at the suggestion of Representative 
Morrill, of Vermont, this room was set apart 
as a Hall to which each State should be re¬ 
quested to send the statues of two of its more 
or less distinguished citizens. This act has re¬ 
sulted in gathering the finest jumble of statu¬ 
ary to be seen anywhere. Arnold Bennett in 
his book, “Your United States," exclaims, “My 
first notion on entering the former Congress 
Chamber was that I was in the presence of the 
weirdest collection of ugly statues that I had 
ever beheld." 

The reason we have so many eye-sores in 
public statuary is that the average legislator 



299 
















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SENATOR KEY PITTMAN. 


The key to Senator Pittman’s success can be 
found in the Pit he has dug for himself. Having 
spent some years in Alaska, he knew the virtue 
of digging down until he struck pay-dirt. The 
golden nuggets he has unearthed is all the evi¬ 
dence required to proclaim his success as a miner. 
His motto is—“The chief end of a man is the 
divid-end.” 






THE STATUES. 


thinks he knows all about art, and is fully quali¬ 
fied to pass judgement upon any and every 
proposition to erect a statue that may come up 
for discussion, instead of leaving such delicate 
matters in the hands of those who are properly 
equipped by artistic training for such tasks. 

The usual method of procedure adopted 
when a public statute was desired, was to ap¬ 
propriate a fixed sum, appoint a committee, 
select a site, and last but decidedly not least, 
hire an artist. 

The small matter of asking the co-operation 
of a committee of competent artists to direct 
the details was never even considered. When 
the sketch for the proposed statue was sub¬ 
mitted the artist was pulled about with all sorts 
of restrictions and restraints. Every incompe¬ 
tent on the committee had a finger in the sculpt¬ 
or’s clay and the result was the same as when a 
multitude of cooks undertook to boss the broth. 

Imagine what would happen to a “land-lub¬ 
ber” who undertook to criticize the way in 
which a captain sailed his ship. Yet this is pre¬ 
cisely what happens when those not versed in 




301 





THE CAPITAL. 



the fine arts undertake to decide what consti¬ 
tutes a work of art. 

But Washington is learning better. The day 
of the man who can discern no difference be¬ 
tween an effigy and a graceful statue has 
passed, and he is no longer permitted to exer¬ 
cise an influence in securing the erection of 
statues to frighten horses and automobiles. 

On the Farragut statue in Farragut square 
there is an inscription which should be taken 
literally. It is as follows: “Cast from guns of 
the Flagship Hartford .” If this work of art 
could be taken down; with the “Washington” 
of Washington circle; the “Franklin” on Penn¬ 
sylvania avenue; the “Greene” of Stanton 
square; the “Jackson” of Lafayette square; the 
“Scott” of Scott square; the “McPherson” of 
McPherson square, and Flannery’s counterfeit 
“Lincoln,” and the whole lot pulverized and 
cast through the mouths of the guns of a war¬ 
ship into the waters of the Potomac, a good 
day’s work would be done for Washington. 

The best thing about the statue of “Armed 
Liberty,” which surmounts the dome of the 


302 






THE STATUES. 


Capitol, is its great height above the pavements 
below, where its many shortcomings cannot be 
seen. Probably this is why it was “skied.” 

The collection of statuary in the so-called 
Statuary Hall in the Capitol building has long 
been a standing joke with those possessing any 
knowledge whatsoever of art proprieties, not so 
much on account of the individual inferiorities 
of the statues themselves, but on account of the 
inharmonious and inartistic grouping of the 
figures. In art museums the best of artistic 
judgement and taste is exercised in grouping 
statuary, in addition to the greatest care in se¬ 
curing the most effective light to properly dis¬ 
play the sculptured work to good advantage. 

In Statuary Hall the exhibited statues, good 
bad or indifferent, are thrown together without 
any regard to artistic relationship and without 
a thought as to how the light strikes the sculp¬ 
tured form. The result is not pleasing to be¬ 
hold. The beautiful Houdon statue of “Wash¬ 
ington” is placed between two crudely modeled 
figures much larger in size, making the talented 
French sculptor's work suffer severely by the 
inartistic juxtaposition. 

303 







THE CAPITAL. 





The effect produced by bad lighting can be 
seen in the statue of Governor Shoup of Idaho. 
Here the sculptor has shown the Governor as 
a fat man with a preponderance of adipose tis¬ 
sue in the region of his abdomen. This sculp¬ 
tured figure is so placed that a strong light 
strikes the white marble just at this well 
rounded spot in such a manner that it shines 
out like a beacon-light in the dimly lighted hall 
and produces a most ludicrous effect. 

There are, however, some good examples of 
sculpture in this hall which are worth more 
than a passing glance. The “Robert E. Lee” is 
good; likewise Howard Robert’s graceful 
figure of “Fulton,” while Volk”s “Shields,” 
Ruckstuhl’s “Calhoun,” Niehaus’s “Ingalls” 
and French’s “Cass” are equally good to look 
upon. Of the rest—let us be charitable. 

Many years ago when Washington was 
young and helpless, some one placed an 
equestrian statue of General Andrew Jackson 
in Lafayette square. Strong men have been 
known to gaze upon this wonderful work of art 
and weep. “Old Hickory” is shown perched 


304 








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SENATOR ROBERT M. LA FOLLETTE. 


Diogenes wandered throughout Greece in search 
of an honest man and it is not recorded that he 
ever found one. But the world has improved 
vastly since the days of the Athenians. Diogenes 
La Follette, of Wisconsin, instituted a similar 
search within the ranks of the G. O. P., and be¬ 
hold! he found an honest Progressive staring into 
his very eyes from the dark recesses of a friendly 
reflector. But, alas, a large strenuous, rambuncti¬ 
ous Bull Moose happened along and kicked the 
reflector to pieces. Whereat the modern Diogenes 
waxed exceeding wroth and attacked the Bull 
Moose with might and main, and when his arch 
enemy met with ignominious defeat, his hilarity 
and jubilation knew no bounds. 







































































































































































































































THE CAPITAL. 



upon a horse rearing up on its hind legs in 
such a manner that the old hero seems in im¬ 
minent danger of falling to the ground. In 
order to balance the statue the hind legs and 
tail of the horse are filled solid with lead, while 
the head of the old soldier is empty—Jackson 
with an empty head—perish the thought. 

But a new light is breaking upon the Capital. 
Since the Art Commission has undertaken the 
supervision of art matters a marked improve¬ 
ment is noticeable in the character of the statu¬ 
ary placed throughout the city= 

The equestrian statue of Genearl Philip H. 
Sheridan at Sheridan square is a real work of 
art. It was modeled by that artistic sculptor 
with the wretchedly inartistic name of Gutzon 
Borglum. The beautiful figures that adorn the 
entrance to the Union Terminal are the work 
of America's greatest sculptor, the late Augus¬ 
tus St. Gaudens. 

A new art note was struck in the conception 
of the beautiful Columbus Monument erected 
by the Knights of Columbus. The white marble 
figure of Columbus is the most admirably 

306 




THE STATUES. 

modeled statue of the great navigator to be 
found in the country. 

With the completion of the Lincoln Memorial 
and the elaborate two hundred and fifty thous¬ 
and dollar Grant monument, the shortcomings 
of Washington's early art will be amply com¬ 
pensated for. 

Judging by the great preponderance of 
statues erected to fighting men—men of the 
sword—there must be something lacking in our 
state of civilization. Nearly all the sculptured 
monuments in Washington, as well as else¬ 
where, are erected to men famous in battle. 

The ancient Greeks paid tribute in sculptured 
stone to their gods and goddesses, their phi¬ 
losophers, and their Teachers, but seldom to 
their warriors. 

How we have retrograded in this respect can 
be readily seen in the ideals we seek to honor. 
Why should we build so many monuments to 
Generals, Admirals and the like and utterly 
neglect the men who have made the world 
brighter and better. 

Where are adequate monuments to be found 



307 



THE CAPITAL. 



in commemoration of such men as Franklin, 
Penn, Emerson, Morse, Howe, Longfellow, 
Hawthorne, Beecher, Phillips and many others 
who deserve remembrance far better than the 
“butchers” of history? Where are statues of 
the many noble women of America? Martha 
Washington, who gave up her beautiful Vir¬ 
ginia home, and her silk and satin gowns, and 
donned homespun that she might cheer her 
noble husband in his dreary and cheerless camp; 
who staked her great fortune and risked con¬ 
fiscation and a life of poverty, for her country— 
where is there to be found a monument to her ? 

And is Nancy Hanks, who gave the country 
an Abraham Lincoln, unworthy of a monu¬ 
ment? 

Let us learn to be humane; to honor the finer 
attributes of mankind; to curb the propensity 
to slaughter and oppress. 

The grandest monument at the Capitol of 
this great Republic should be one erected to 
Him who proclaimed love for all the world— 
“The Prince of Peace.” 












CHAPTER XXVIII 



THE MOVING PICTURERS. 


HAT do you shoot this morning ?” 

“I go to shoot his excellency, the 
President.” 

“Have a care for the secret service 
man!” 

“With my trusty film, I fear him not. Only 
the direst of misfortune can thwart my design. 
I mean to have a full thousand feet of Wood- 
row ere the sun goes down. I have Tumulty’s 
ear.” 

This sanguinary dialogue took place at the 
entrance to the White House grounds between 
two conspirators whose schemes and plots were 
concocted in the dark rooms of their respective 
organizations. 

These modern-day photo-buccaneers are 
headstrong and foolhardy and shoot with pre¬ 
cision. 

No hardship is too great, no mission too 
perilous for these men of the camera—the Mov¬ 
ing Picturers. 

Their fame is country-wide. Every city 








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SEN. GEORGE EARLE CHAMBERLAIN. 


The British Lion has got a mournful tale to 
unfold since the Oregon Senator tied up the prop¬ 
osition to let John Bull’s ships use the Panama 
Canal on the same terms as those accorded to the 
ships of Uncle Sam. His motto is—-“Charity begins 
at C. Likewise at home. Likewise with home 
ships in the Panama Canal.” 




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THE MOVING PICTURERS. 


town and hamlet knows of their exploits, and 
every one with red blood flowing in his veins 
delights when their dark deeds are dragged 
forth into the light and made spectacles of. 

Washington is a bright shining mark for 
them, and on special occasions the Halls of Con¬ 
gress are invaded by these marauding bands 
who shoot Congressmen on sight. 

The Statesmen are not willing victims, and 
although permission to do up Congress has been 
repeatedly denied to the picture men they are 
not thwarted. If real Congressmen cannot be 
secured for their films they readily manu¬ 
facture counterfeits. By means of old- 
fashioned frock-coats, false wigs and whiskers 
a very satisfactory brand of statesman 
can be produced at short notice. 

It is good as a circus to watch their impro¬ 
vised statesmen go through their manoevers in 
front of the Capitol. “Sir, you cannot bribe 
me to vote against this bill P exclaims the actor 
statesman as he waves aloft a half ream of 
paper which is supposed to represent the bill, 
in the picture-film. 



Hon. Andrew J. Peters 
Rep. 11th Dist., Mass. 



311 


Hon. Henry D. Flood 
Rep. 10th Dlst., Va. 



THE CAPITAL. 




Hon. George White 
Rep.*at-Large, Ohio 


“Then IT1 expose yeh,” snarls the made-up 
villain. By this time a fairly good sized crowd 
has pushed into the picture, which is just what 
the moving picture man wants, as it adds eclat 
to the scene and makes it realistic. 

The method of taking these moving pictures 
is unique. The director has located a suitable 
place on the Capitol steps a day or so before. 
Then at such time of day as the sun hits the 
locality to the best advantage an automobile 
appears on the scene with actors suitably made 
up to represent the types of statesmen suitable 
for moving picture audiences; the camera man 
unlimbers his picture gatling gun; the director 
chalks out his camera field and shoos ofif the 
rubber-necks, and clickey-click the handle turns, 
the lobbyist sneaks up the Capitol steps, the 
Congressman waves his bill in defiance, the 
lobbyist's female accomplice flirts with the aged 
statesman, the lawmaker yields to her blandish¬ 
ments. She secures the bill, passes it to her pal 
who disappears from the scene with the hateful 
piece of legislation in his grasp and a satanic 
leer on his crafty countenance. This completes 


312 


THE MOVING PICTURERS. 



Rep.-at-Large, Ala. 


the first act of the thrilling drama of “The 
Lobbyist’s Triumph,” which makes the audi¬ 
ence shriek with delight when the film is flashed 
on the screen of the nickeldrome and airdrome. 

“How the Congressman Was Tempted” is 
another thriller enacted in the park. The pic¬ 
ture machine is aimed in the direction of the 
Capitol so as to secure local color for the scenes. 

A jay looking member walks leisurely into the Hon . j 0 hn^w™Abercrombie 
field of the camera. He is accosted by a beauti¬ 
ful gurl. She weeps. He stops to console her. 

She is consoled. She snuggles close to his 
bosom—daughter-like. He is smitten with her 
bee-uty. His arm is about her peek-a-boo waist. 

She is innocent—so innocent. Her old invalid 
Paw-paw has a claim against the government. 

At the old home they will starve if it is not al¬ 
lowed to pass at this session. Will the old 
codger assist a maiden in distress ? Of course 
he will. He is stuck on her innocent bee-uty 
and her bee-u-tiful innocence. He is about to 
yield to her blandishments when the be-whisk- 
ered secret service man appears upon the scene. 

He recognizes Kate, the notorious lobby queen. Rep"'is"' mst. H N. 9 Dak. 


.1 



313 


THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Dudley Doolittle 
Rep. 4th Dist., Kan. 



The villainess is foiled. The camera is folded 
up and the actors are bundled into the waiting 
automobile to seek other pastures for their film 
work. 

Pictures showing statesmen in various guises 
are not the only scenes depicted in Washington. 
Films depicting hoboes being chased through 
the streets, comic policemen and motley crowds 
in close pursuit, falling over fruit stands, knock¬ 
ing down Chinese laundrymen with baskets of 
clothes, etc., are frequent enough, but the acme 
of perfection is reached when a Civil War 
scene is staged on the White House grounds. 

A bright day is selected when the President 
is away from the Capitol. Then a motor bus 
appears and deposits a conglomerated group of 
statesmen, army officers, plantation negroes, 
ante-bellum ladies in crinoline, and a mob of 
supernumeries made up to represent soldiers, 
civilians and others requisite in moving picture 
scenes. 

A tall, attenuated figure surmounted by a pre¬ 
posterously tall hat, made up to represent Lin¬ 
coln, emerges from the big front door of the 


314 




















. 







SENATOR THOMAS P. GORE. 


“I see,” said the blind man, “that a thoroughly 
good Tariff Bill has at last been passed.” The 
blind man was Thomas P. Gore, of Oklahoma, who 
can see clearer into political problems than the 
majority of those who boast of their sight. The 
genial Senator is a man of peace—his nature belies 
his name. His motto is—“If you don’t see what 
you want, ask for it.” 


I 











/ 








































THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. George M. Young 
Rep. 2nd Dist., N. D. 



Hon. George P. McLean 
U. S. Senator, Conn. 


White House. He is accosted by the wan figure 
of a woe begone widow attired in the habili¬ 
ments usually affected by melodramatic ac¬ 
tresses in blood and thunder plays. Will the 
kind President save her son who has been ar¬ 
rested as a deserter and is to be shot in the 
morning ? She is on her knees hanging on for 
dear life to the big hand of the President, which 
she has grasped in the throes of her extremity. 
The gaunt figure shows great emotion. He re¬ 
leases his hand and with it brushes a tear from 
his capacious nose. T’is heart breaking, but 
absolutely necessary to the effectiveness of the 
film. 

The next act in this distressing drama is 
enacted in the camp of the Army of the Po¬ 
tomac and which furnishes the good and suffici¬ 
ent reason why the noble President should par¬ 
don the boy. The deserter escapes his prison, 
discovers a secret attack upon the camp, re¬ 
turns, and puts the commanding officer on his 
guard. A successful repulse is accomplished 
and amid the waving of flags, and cheers of 
victorious soldiers, the boy-hero resignedly re- 


316 


THE MOVING PICTURERS. 


turns to his prison tent to await death in the 
morn. 

This leads up to the next scene, which is 
enacted in the President’s office in the White 
House. Old Abe is discovered seated at a desk 
immersed in official papers and documents. He 
wearily raises his head from his arduous task, 
turns his troubled face to the camera, heaves a 
heavy sigh, and again resumes his task. A 
commotion is heard at the door. The sentry is 
trying to prevent the widow from seeing the 
President. He bids the soldier to desist, the 
anxious mother eagerly approaches waving a 
dispatch from the camp. The solemn visaged 
face relaxes as he reads the heroic exploit of 
the condemned boy, hastens to a table and 
dashes off a full pardon, which he smilingly 
tenders to the bereaved mother, who thanks him 
profusely, and leaves the focus-field of the 
camera. 

How the moving-picturers secured permis¬ 
sion to use the President’s room for the enact¬ 
ment of their play, is only one of their many 
feats of securing apparently impossible places 
for their camera work. 

317 



n. John A. Key 
13th Dist., Ohio 



Hon. James B. Aswell 
Rep. 8th Dist., Ala. 


CHAPTER XXIX 

WASHINGTON MONUMENT. 



Hon. Frederick H. Glllett 
Rep. 2nd Dlst., Mass. 



NE rainy day when the sky was 
overcast and a general air of de¬ 
pression seemed to prevail, there ap¬ 
peared at the entrance to the great 
shaft erected to the memory of 
Washington, a pilgrim of solemn mein. He 
was tall and spare of frame and his prominent 
nose was bridged with antique spectacles, over 
the rims of which he had a curious way of 
looking quizzically, when spoken to. His man¬ 
ner was of the mournful kind, like one who 
saw naught but woe on this side of the grave. 

He had come all the way from the far-west 
to scatter his wife’s ashes from the top of 
Washington monument, the highest pile of 
masonry in the world. It was in response to 
the dying wish of one who had been the partner 
of his life’s joys—or was it woes ? 

As he approached the imposing shaft of 
white marble with his mournful eyes uplifted 
to heaven, toward which the obelisk eloquently 
pointed, he uttered a sigh that attracted the 
attention of the guard standing by. 

318 



Hon. Claude L Engle 
Rep., Florida 








WASHINGTON MONUMENT. 

“You can't carry that lunch-box to the top 
of the monument/' exclaimed the watchful of¬ 
ficial, as he caught sight of the box the old 
man carried beneath his arm. 

“My dear sir," replied the one from Kansas, 
“this is not a lunch-box. It is all that remains 
of my dear consort, who departed this life less 
than a fortnight ago, and I gave her my solemn 
promise that, after cremation, I would scatter 
her ashes from the top of the highest monument 
in the world, to the four winds of heaven," and 
as he concluded the explanation of his most 
solemn mission, he rolled his eyes aloft as if in 
expectancy of some evidence of her astral pres¬ 
ence. 

“My friend, it can't be did!" sententiously 
ejaculated the guard, with a twinkle of the eye, 
which escaped the old man. 

“And why, might I ask?" he inquired, as he 
elevated his eyebrows. 

“Because it's against the rules," explained 
the official. 

“But I was not aware that there were any 
rules governing such cases." 



Hon. Adison T. Smith 
Rep., Idaho 



319 


Hon. James Manahan 
Rep., Minn. 




















SEN. OWEN AND REP. GLASS. 


Those “Kurrency Kids,” Senator Owen and Rep¬ 
resentative Glass, are the ones who took the string 
out of stringency by unloosening the string that 
tied Uncle Sam’s money bag in time of panic. 
They have a motto in common which is, “Glass 
houses can be broken—Owen money is to be 
broke.” 





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WASHINGTON MONUMENT. 


“Well, you see, in the first place there's a rule 
which forbids throwing of things from the top 
of the monument, and, furthermore, there are 
always lots of people around the base looking 
up in astonishment at its wonderful height, 
and as they always look up open-mouthed, your 

wife's remains might find lodgement-The 

man from Kansas waited to hear no more. 
With a convulsive gasp, he darted in the di¬ 
rection of the Potomac River to throw the 
sacred ashes of his dearly beloved one into the 
running stream and not hazard the risk of 
having them swallowed by open-mouthed sight¬ 
seers. 

Viewed from any angle, the Washington 
monument is a most impressive sight. Among 
the great monuments of the world it stands 
unique. It's very simplicity marks it for dis¬ 
tinction. 

As you stand at its base and look upward, 
along its perfectly true lines, extending over 
five hundred and fifty feet skyward, its gran¬ 
deur and impressiveness overwhelms you—if 
you are at all impressionable. 



Hon. P. D. Norton 
Rep. 3rd Dist., N„ D. 



Hon. Joseph Howell 
Rep., Utah 


321 



THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. George A. Kindel, 
Rep. 5th Dis., Colo. 



Hon. James W. Bryan, 
Rep., Wash. State. 


If you are good at climbing stairways, you 
might try to climb the nine hundred steps which 
lead to the top. It is the only way to examine 
the interesting interior of this wonderful monu¬ 
ment. 

Forty States and sixteen cities are repre¬ 
sented in the memorial stones which line the in¬ 
terior, while upward of fifty were contributed 
by Masonic lodges, and kindred societies. 

As you climb upward you will find the in¬ 
terior lighted with electric lights, which makes 
an examination »of the memorial stones quite 
feasible. The series begins at the thirty-foot 
landing and extends to a height of two hundred 
and eighty feet. There are stones from Brad- 
dock’s field, the Battlefield of Long Island, the 
ruins of ancient Carthage, the Temple of 
Aesculapius, Vesuvius mountain, the Alex¬ 
andrian Library in Egypt, the Tomb of Na¬ 
poleon at St. Helena island, the Parthenon at 
Athens, and many other famous localities. 

Large figures denoting the height are painted 
on the steps at every landing. When the three 
hundred and tenth foot is reached, a sign pro- 


322 




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SENATOR FURNIVAL SIMMONS. 


A brave and intrepid Guardsman of Senatorial 
Prerogative is the tar-heel Senator. His trusty 
sword is ever ready to defend the rights, privileges 
and prerogatives of his beloved Senate, which 
even the sovereign President may not transgress. 
When the Governor of North Carolina said to the 
Governor of South Carolina, “It’s a long time be¬ 
tween drinks, and it .should be made longer,” the 
Senator drafted a prohibition law that boomed 
the soft-drink industry to a marvelous extent. 
His motto is—“All for one, and one for all.” 













































THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. William J. Cary, 
4th Dis., Wis. 



Hon. John Stephens, 
Rep. 13th Dis., Texas. 


claims the fact that you have reached the 
height of the Capitol building. At the five 
hundred and twenty foot mark you are in¬ 
formed that you have reached the height of St. 
Peter's church at Rome. This proves a vivid 
way to impress you with the magnitude of the 
monument—if the sinews of your legs don't 
sufficiently remind you of the fact by this time. 

When you reach the top after the weary 
climb, (and which you inwardly resolve never 
to try again) you will most probably be in¬ 
terested in the data respecting the monument 
which is inscribed in a document hanging on 
the wall. This informs you that the walls are 
only eighteen inches thick at the top. At the 
base they measure fifteen feet in thickness. A 
plumb-line suspended from the top, inside, does 
not deflect three-eights of an inch from a 
straight line to the bottom of the shaft. 

At the top the walls are pierced with eight 
port-holes or windows which afford magnifi¬ 
cent views of the city. There is no city in the 
world that would look so well at so great an 
elevation. This is due to the fact that the 


324 


WASHINGTON MONUMENT. 

large public buildings are constructed of white 
marble or granite, and are generally nestled 
about with the green foliage of adjacent parks, 
which contrast beautifully with the light-hued 
stone work. 

Looking southward, can be discerned the 
famous Potomac flats—with all modern im¬ 
provements. 

Spanning the river can be seen the historic 
long bridge constructed seventy years ago, 
while far in the distance can be discerned the 
blue hills of Virginia. In the middle distance 
lies Arlington Cemetry with its many monu¬ 
ments to the dead, showing like little white 
specks among the rich green foliage. To the 
East lies the beautiful white Capitol building 
in a solid field of emerald hue. Augustus St. 
Gaudens pronounced it the most beautiful pic¬ 
ture in the world. 

Over its right wing can be clearly discerned 
the glistening gilded dome of the Congressional 
Library. A little farther to the right lies the 
Anacostia river, with the Navy Yard resting 
on its banks. 



Hon, William H. Caider 
Rep. 6th Dist., N. Y. 



Hon. Dudley M. Hughes 
Rep. 12th Dist., Ga. 


325 


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HONORABLE CORDELL HULL, M. C. 

The author of the Income Tax Law has con¬ 
structed an ingenious net that catches only the big 
fish and lets the little fellows escape. The big 
ones wax wroth at this and exclaim in unison, 
“We’re sick of the Hull business.” But that does 
not deter him. His motto is—“A good Income 
Tax Law will net Uncle Sam a tidy sum.” 













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WASHINGTON MONUMENT. 

Through the next opening can be seen the 
White House, easily the most conspicuous ob¬ 
ject in view. It does not require an opera-glass 
to see the stars and stripes flying from the flag¬ 
staff—when the President is at home. 

On a clear day the view from the top of the 
monument is the most beautiful panorama you 
ever saw and well worth a climb of nine hund¬ 
red steps—hut you had better take the elevator. 

The question has often been asked, “Has the 
monument ever been struck by lightning ?” In 
1885, during the course of a severe storm, five 
immense sparks were seen to centre on and fly 
from the apex, but no damage was done. 
Shortly after, however, during another storm, 
a severe discharge of lightning cracked a stone 
under the apex and forced it slightly outward. 
After this mishap a commission of electrical ex¬ 
perts provided a remedy by extending ten rods 
of copper horizontally around the pyramid. 
On each of these rods at an interval of five feet 
between, were placed pointed conductors, gold 
plated and tipped with platinum, three inches in 
length. There are two hundred of these con- 



Hon. Roy O. Woodruff, 
Rep. 10th Dis., Mich. 



Hon. James S. Davenport, 
Rep. 3rd Dis., Okla. 


327 


THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Francis O. Linquist, 
Rep. 11th Dis., Mich. 



ductors in all, exposed on the pyramid. Down 
the four outer edges of the pyramid from the 
apex, copper wires were run. They were 
brought forward toward the centre to connect 
with the iron beams. These four wires, then, 
crossing the rods holding the small pointed 
conductors, connected them and the aluminum 
apex to the beams. With the four wires that 
were placed on the inside of the pyramid as 
original connection, there are now eight wires 
connecting two hundred points with the 
grounding at the centre of the base of the mon¬ 
ument which terminates in an underground 
well thirty-two feet deep and filled with water. 
At the bottom of this well is placed a copper 
plate to which the wires are attached. 

This seemingly intricate grounding is an 
illustration of the delicacy with which the de¬ 
tails for the protection of the big monument 
from lightning were worked out. 



Hon. Benjamin I. Taylor, 



CHAPTER XXX 



ON MARKET DAY. 

WO barrels supporting a couple of 
wide boards on which were placed 
sundry baskets of sweet potatoes, 
radishes, apples, carrots and eggs, 
comprised the nucleus of Rastus 
Johnson White's stand just outside of Center 
Market. Ranged around this mixed collection 
of baskets were several open boxes containing 
corn on the cob, parsnips, onions, walnuts, shell- 
bark hickory nuts and a peck measure of pea¬ 
nuts. In addition to this was an old tub con¬ 
taining a small quantity of butter in pound 
lumps. 

Mr. White was black; so black that it was 
difficult to discern the old black pipe he held in 
his mouth. In many respects he was an ex¬ 
ceedingly picturesque personage. His coat was 
patched so often, that the patches seemed to 
constitute the greater part of the garment, and 
which made it several times thicker than the 
original specifications called for. 

In regard to his nether extremities, it was 



Hon. William B. Borland, 
Rep. 5th Dis., Mo. 



329 




























































































































WM. COX REDFIELD. 


Mercury fittingly represents the Department of 
Commerce as he was the first Interstate Commerce 
Commissioner. Ancient mythology classifies him 
as the God of Thieves. Thanks to the advanced 
state of civilization in this Twentieth Century, 
we have no thieves. In commercial life we have 
“Conversion of assets”; Misappropriation of 
funds; Absorption of surplus, etc., but we have 
no thieves. The word “thief” is abrupt and 
offensive—it is obsolete in polite commercial 
circles. Mercury was also the inventor of the 
Lyre—pronounced Liar—many modern financiers 
are pronounced liars. Mercury was equipped with 
winged feet—Secretary Redfield is equipped with 
wings of beautiful whiskers. His motto is— 
“There is no profit in a crop of whiskers—for the 
barber.” 






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ON MARKET DAY. 


a 


rather a hard matter to tell where they started, 
or where they left off, as his feet were encased 
in coarse bagging secured in place by pieces of 
twine wrapped round and round. This ar¬ 
rangement served the double purpose of keep¬ 
ing Mr. White's feet free from the snow which 
lightly covered the sidewalk, as well as keep 
them warm; the latter being a prime necessity 
as it is only in the mildest weather that these 
sons of Africa do not feel cold. 

If Mr. White was picturesque, his market 
wagon was spectacular, having been repaired 
again and again until there remained not a 
piece of wood or iron, nor a solitary piece of 
canvass that constituted its original make-up. 
In order to ease the strain on some of the 
weaker parts of the wheels, strips of wood were 
bound with wire diagonally across the spokes, 
in such a manner that at every rotation of the 
wheel the ends of the homely splint struck the 
ground with a jar that momentarily threatened 
disaster as he backed up to the curb. 

This is only a fair description of the majority 
of the ramshackle vehicles that constitute the 



Hon. Byron Patten Harrison, 
6th Dis., Miss. 



Hon. Walter Lewis Hensley, 
13th Dis., Mo. 


331 




/ 





I 


















VICTOR MURDOCK, M. C. 


The strawberry blonde who represents a Kansas 
district in Congress is an incorrigible baseball 
fan. As “Casey at the bat,” he essayed to make 
the hit that would land the Progressives a winner. 
But, alas, the mighty “Casey” struck out. Umpire 
Uncle Sam declared the side out and the game 
lost to them. But wait—wait until they get an¬ 
other inning. Then will they win;—unless the 
other side scores more runs. 









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ON MARKET DAY. 


three or four blocks of market-way that lines 
the curb along the Mall on every market morn. 

These market-men are usually accompanied 
by their wives, who sit huddled up in a multi¬ 
tude of blankets until a customer stops to in¬ 
spect the little stock of vegetables for sale, and 
it must be said they are far better at making 
bargains than are their husbands. 

They are quite eager to make sales, as the 
sooner they sell out the sooner they start for 
home. Regarding the quality of their stock, it 
is of very good grade. The butter is freshly 
churned, and sweet, and the eggs are fresh. 

“How much is butter this morning ?” I in¬ 
quired, more for the purpose of drawing out 
the “old mammy” than with any intention of 
purchasing. 

“Buttah ?” 

“Yes” 

“Well, they'se giftin' thirty-seben cents in¬ 
side dar,” indicating the Market house across 
the way by a jerk of her thumb over her 
shoulder, “but ah reckon ah kin let yo hab sum 
for thirty-foah.” 



333 


THE CAPITAL. 



a , 

Hon. Edward Keating, 
Cong.-at-Large, Col. 



Hon. Richard W. Austin, 
2nd Dis., Tenn. 


As I did not make an immediate response to 
this offer she added, “Dar’s anoder tub in de 
'fix' dat p’raps yo’d like bettah!” 

<f Why do you call that a ‘fix’?” I inquired 
with some curiosity. 

“Ef yo look close yo won’t hab to ax dat 
question,” replied the mammy with a good 
natured smile. 

“I guess you’ll have to explain,” I retorted 
after looking over the rig. 

“We calls ’em 'fixes’ cos we fixes ’em so often, 
I reckon.” 

The explanation was so satisfactory I gave 
her a dime in lieu of the profit she might have 
made on the pound of butter she might have 
sold. 

A little farther down the line was a rig so 
remarkable in make-up that I was forced to 
stop and examine it. What had once been an 
old family coach was now doing duty for an 
old negro farmer who had just arrived from 
Charles county, Maryland. As the old darkey 
removed the baskets and boxes of “garden- 
sass” and other products of his farm that filled 


334 


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SENATOR HENRY FOUNTAIN ASHURST. 


When Arizona was admitted to Uncle Sam’s 
more or less happy family of States, a clear sighted 
cowboy-statesman spied the bronze Liberty atop of 
the Capitol at Washington. “It’s mine!” he cried 
as he seized his trusty lariat and, with a mighty 
throw, lassoed the temple wherein the solemn and 
sedate senators sit. Now the Arizona Adonis 
occupies a conspicuous seat within the sacred 
Senate chamber, the beheld of all the beholders in 
the Senate gallery. His motto is—“When you 
want a thing, lasso it.” 










































































































































THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Wm. A. Ashbrook, 
Rep. 17th Dis., Ohio. 



Hon. Burton L. French, 
Rep.-at-Large, Idaho. 


the recesses of the old coach, it groaned and 
creaked as if in thankfulness at the relief of 
the burden its old frame seemed too feeble to 
sustain. 

Attached to this quaint old market contriv¬ 
ance, by a system of ropes, strings and straps 
which served as a harness, was the sorriest 
specimen of a horse that could be imagined. 
The poor old nag stood with his head bowed 
down almost to the ground—a most dejected 
looking animal, with legs swollen by old age 
and hide roughened and toughened by exposure 
to rain and wind, a veteran of many years of 
hard service. How he ever survived the 
journey was a mystery. These old “traps” 
come from a radius of a dozen miles or so to 
market a few dollars’ worth of farm-produce 
on market day. The range and variety of arti¬ 
cles offered for sale is extraordinary. Great 
bunches of white and yellow daisies, packages 
of herbs and medicinal roots gathered in the 
swamps, packages of freshly-churned, unsalted 
butter, pots of cottage cheese, packages of leaf 
tobacco, baskets of persimmons, boxes of ber- 


336 



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SENATOR LUKE LEA. 


Luke Lea, of Tennessee, is the youngster of the 
Senate. The Mountain State believes in the old 
adage which observes that “Youth must be served 
—when youth deserves to be served.” Luke Lea 
entered the Senate at the age of 32—which is 
“going some” for a boy. His motto is—“Boys will 
be boys, and Senators too—sometimes.” 





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THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Frank E. Guernsey, 
Rep. 4th Dis., Me. 



Hon. Frank W. Monde!!, 
Rep., Wyo. 


ries and dozens of fresh eggs, tempt the mar¬ 
keters who xswarm about the odd looking mar¬ 
ket wagons. 

The white farmers scattered through the 
throng are fully as picturesque as their sable- 
hued competitors. Judging by the contents of 
their wagons, their farms are larger. Where 
the blacks have a few pecks of sweet potatoes, 
the white farmer will have a barrel or so, and 
his produce will be of a little better grade, with 
his prices correspondingly higher. 

Withal there is an air of cheerfulness and 
contentment about these simple country folks 
that betokens a happy, congenial life close to 
nature which is pleasant to contemplate. 

If perchance you should be in Washington 
when the early morning sun has risen just high 
enough to tip the top of Washington monu¬ 
ment, dear reader, take a stroll down to this 
quaint old market place, inhale the invigorating 
air redolent of fresh vegetables and fragrant 
fruit for an hour or so, and if on your return 
to your habitation you have no appetite for 
breakfast, then you had better consult a phy¬ 
sician. 


338 


CHAPTER XXXI 

PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE. 

HE most famous avenue in the world 
is probably Washington’s Pennsyl¬ 
vania avenue. The well known 
figures that pass along it in daily 
procession to the Capitol; the promi¬ 
nence given to it on Inaugural days; and the 
historical reminiscences connected with almost 
every block of its length, from the Peace mon¬ 
ument to the White House, all combine to give 
it a fame not possessed by any other thorough¬ 
fare. 

At the close of the Civil War in 1865 it was 
the scene of one of the most remarkable spec¬ 
tacles ever witnessed. A victorious army right 
off the bloodiest battle fields, with battle flags 
shot to ribbons, flying in the breeze; and 
bronzed, grim veterans with uniforms origin¬ 
ally blue but turned a rusty brown from the 
rough usage of long marches through deep mud 
on the Virginia roads, and torn to rags in 
thickets along the Rappahannock and Potomac, 
passed in review along this historic avenue and 




Hon. Bryan F. Mahon, 
Rep. 2nd Dis., Conn. 



Hon. Frank Ptumley, 
Rep. 2nd Dis., Vt. 


339 

























CECIL ARTHUR SPRING-RICE, K. C. M. G. 


Sir Cecil Arthur Walter Raleigh Spring-Rice, 
K. C. M. G., is the newest British Ambassador. 
Sir Walter Raleigh discovered the Indians trust¬ 
ing to the Pipe of Peace to avert war—the first 
Tobacco Trust. The modern Sir hits the pipe too. 
He smokes a new “100 Year Peace” brand of 
tobacco. May his pipe never go out. 




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PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE. 

presented a scene probably never paralelled in 
history. 

This famous review showed none of the 
features connected with the usual military pa¬ 
rade where the alignment is perfect and the 
marching-step kept to precision. These battle 
tried veterans marched without any semblance 
of stiff military order,*with the easy swing of 
men inured to the hardships of long campaigns, 
but nevertheless with the unison that charac¬ 
terizes the well drilled and seasoned army. 

The scene was pathetic in the extreme. 
Regiment after regiment passed along the ave¬ 
nue, with only fragments of their quotas, and 
the eager crowds that lined along the pave¬ 
ments on either side were almost too saddened 
at the sight to cheer the brave men who had 
survived the terrible ordeals through which 
they had passed. 

Only a few months later there passed another 
procession—one of the saddest ever witnessed. 
A great President was stricken down at the 
height of his glory, and the funeral cortege 
passed between heavy hearts, and tear-stained 



Hon. Willis J. Hulfngs 
Rep. 28th Dist., Penn. 



Hon. Finis J. Garrett 
Rep. 9th Dist., Tenn. 


341 





































































































PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE. 


faces as it slowly moved down the avenue with 
the remains of a nation’s idol. 

But these scenes of sorrow are no more. 
Grim-visaged war has changed his front. Of 
clanking scabbard and flashing steel there is a 
plentitude, but the modern occasion is festive 
and unwarlike. Gold lace abounds in profusion 
on the avenue on gala days, for men are but 
children grown up. How the average man 
likes to don a showy uniform with shiny gold 
braid, bright, glittering epaulettes, and medals 
galore. No peacock is vainer of his resplend¬ 
ent plumage, and no turkey gobbler can strut 
prouder than the fighting man on parade. 

To tell the story of Pennsylvania avenue 
would be to almost tell the story of “Washing¬ 
ton, so intimately is the one connected with the 
other. Every event of importance at the 
Capital is in some way featured on the “ave¬ 
nue” as it is known to Washingtonians, while 
few visitors to the city ever fail to traverse its 
length from the Capitol to the White House. 

On New Year’s Day, the vicinity of the 
Executive Mansion is a scene of splendor. 



Hon. H. B. Ferguson, 
Rep., N. M. 



Hon. Thomas L. Ruby, 
Rep. 16th Dis., Mo. 


343 















SENATOR BENJAMIN RYAN TILLMAN. 


The South Carolina Senator is a picturesque 
orator. His oratorical thrusts are keen and sharp 
like the prongs of a pitchfork. A cartoon is a 
pictured oration and the cartoonist’s pen point is 
even sharper than the pitchfork’s prongs. The 
Senator has laid down the pitchfork and taken up 
the cartoonist’s weapon. He has published a car¬ 
toon in the Congressional Record and for the first 
time in the history of that prosaic journal, it has 
become interesting. The Senator’s cartoons equal 
his speeches and deserve the enconium of an 
honorary palmetto. 









CONGRESSIONAL RECORD 


SENATOR TILLMAN’S ALLEGORICAL COW. 



[THIS CARTOON, DESIGNED BY* SENATOR TILLMAN, SHOWS HIS IDEA OF THE 
PRESENT AMERICAN SITUATION. THE COW, SYMBOLICAL OF NATIONAL 
RESOURCES, IS FEEDING ON THE FARMERS OUT WEST. WHILE HER 
GOLDEN MILK IS A.LL DRAWN BY THE GENTLEMEN OF ABILITY IN 
WALL STREET. 



In this cartoon Senator Tillman shows the result of the attempt of the farmers to turn 
he big cow around, to let her feed on income tax in the East while they should milk her in 
he West. But the cow, as Senator Tillman draws her. was not a reversible cow. As soon 
s she tried to feed on income tax "the Supreme Court seized her by the throat as a reminder 
hat she must do her eating exclusively in the agricultural regions. The farmers in the West 
re disappointed and get no income-tax milk. 


SENATOR TILLMAN’S ALLEGORICAL COW No. 2. 

























THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. John M. Nelson, 
2nd Dis., Wis. 



Hon. E, Y. Webb, 
Rep. 9th Dis., N. C. 


Brilliantly uniformed Army and Navy officers, 
foreign ambassadors and other officials of high 
rank in strange and gorgeous array throng the 
pavements on their way to attend the grand 
hand-shaking fest in which the President's good 
right hand plays a star part. It is on occasions 
like this that Pennsylvania avenue is at its best. 

It is the natural promenade for every one in 
official life, and the visitor who is looking for 
the familiar faces of famous men will find them 
on this noted thoroughfare. Here you will 
meet the millionaire and the pauper, the Con¬ 
gressman and the clerk all wending their way 
toward the Capitol on every bright morning. 

Pedestrianism is not exactly a fad in Wash¬ 
ington. It is a pleasant pursuit on the wide 
avenues and uncrowded sidewalks. The Chief 
Executive democratically goes abroad without 
the least fear of attracting unpleasant attention 
or being molested by the curious. President 
Wilson is frequently seen apparently alone— 
but only apparently. If you should look care¬ 
fully about, you might discern a couple of 
secret service men in close proximity. In the 


346 


. 






HONORABLE CHAMP CLARK. 


Champ Clark, the Speaker of the House of Rep¬ 
resentatives, is from Missouri. He has to be 
shown. As Speaker, he has no vote, and as Speaker 
he never speaks, but the bang of his gavel is 
eloquence personified. His motto is—“The man 
that swings the gavel, rules the House.” 


































































































































THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. H. M. Jacoway 
Rep. 5th Dist., Ark. 



Hon. John Lesher 
Rep. 17th Dist., Penn. 


case of the nation’s chief executive this precau¬ 
tion is made necessary by the importance of 
the high office he occupies. But this necessary 
espionage does not interfere in the least with 
the liberty of his movements. He is as un¬ 
mindful of their presence as a small boy out on 
a lark. 

In the early morning hours a stream of Con¬ 
gressmen will be encountered on their way to 
the Congressional office building. Speaker 
Clark is a fine walker. With his arms swing¬ 
ing and his broad shoulders squared, he looks 
the typical Westerner. Oscar W. Under¬ 
wood is another energetic walker. He is one 
of the best dressed men in Congress and never 
fails to attract attention as he walks to the 
Capitol. 

Perhaps Senator Lodge owes some of his 
physical and mental healthfulness to his daily 
habit of walking to the sessions in the Senate 
chamber. He rarely walks alone. Usually he 
is accompanied by Senator Root, who is almost 
as good a pedestrian as he is a lawyer. 

When Senator Martine, of New Jersey, 


348 



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SENATOR HENRY CABOT LODGE. 


When the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock 
they planted a lodge in the wilderness, and a 
Lodge is there today. He represents a section of 
this now cultivated wilderness in the United 
States Senate. Many changes have come over this 
land since the time of the Puritan. It is now 
known as the lair of the sacred codfish, the home 
of a one-time World’s Champion Baseball Club, 
and the domain of Henry Cabot Lodge. 



















































































THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Scott Ferris, 
5th Dis., Okla. 



Hon. Wm. G. Sharp, 


14th Dis., Ohio. 


walks down Pennsylvania avenut he rolls along 
like a sailor walking a ship’s deck in a rolling 
sea. 

Senator O’Gorman is a ver^ notable figure 
on the avenue. Faultlessly attired, as the New 
Yorkers usually are, he moves along like one 
in the fullest enjoyment of health. He rather 
closely resembles Richard Croker in make-up. 
He has the same closely cropped beard, which 
only half conceals a remarkably firm jaw and 
resolute mouth. His figure, too, is of the same 
sturdy build as the former Tammany chieftain. 
But here the resemblance ends, for the Senator 
is a much slower and more deliberate walker. 
Often he will walk for blocks with bowed head, 
as if in deep thought. 

A most noteworthy figure on fine mornings 
is that of Senator Vardaman, of Mississippi, 
who bowls along like an athlete, his long hair, 
and strong, expressive face making a person¬ 
ality which invariably attracts attention from 
the crowds of visitors who throng the streets in 
the vicinity of capitol hill. 

His colleague, Senator John Sharp Williams, 


350 


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SENATOR JOHN SHARP WILLIAMS. 

Thomas Jefferson never had a more sincere 
admirer than Senator Williams of Yazoo. The 
honorable Senator being a highly educated man, 
knows where to draw the line of distinction be¬ 
tween Jeffersonian simplicity, and a Jeffersonian 
simpleton. While Democratic floor-leader in the 
lower house he incurred the enmity of a saffron- 
hued journalist who owned, but seldom occupied 
a seat in Congress. Being a cotton planter, he 
knew a political Boll-weevil when he saw one. By 
vigorously spraying the pest with old fashioned 
Jeffersonian Democracy mixture, he banished it 
from the chamber and it has not been seen since. 
The Senator is a very bright man. An aphorism 
of the present Senate is—“There is never a dull 
moment while John Sharp has the floor.” 











•//////' 


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THE CAPITAL. 



Rep. 11tP» Dist., Mo. 



Hon. Gordon Lee 
Rep. 7th Dist., Ga. 


is of quite a different type. He is never seen 
alone. His companions (and there are usually 
several) are frequently newspaper men. The 
Senator is of a studious turn and his intimates 
are of the college or university. 

Several bulky forms are usually seen slowly 
and laboriously making their way up the steep 
walk that leads to the Capitol building on bright 
sunshiny mornings. If you scan their faces 
you will find them wreathed in smiles. There 
seems to be the utmost friendliness between 
them, and to the casual onlooker, they seem like 
brothers. They are Senators Ollie James, 
Augustus Octavius Bacon and Luke Lea. 

A figure new to Washington has lately ap¬ 
peared on the avenue. Arrayed in the height 
of the prevailing fashion, with jaunty air and 
nonchalant manner, Senator James Hamilton 
Lewis is the observed of all observers. He is 
the acknowledged Beau Brummel of the Senate, 
and sartorially at least, one of the finest that 
ever came down the “Pike.” 

Of precisely the opposite type is Senator 
Bankhead, the grim old Southron who esteems 

352 


PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE. 

dress habiliaments as of the least importance to 
a United States Senator. 

Representative Henry George, Jr., (who 
looks like his illustrious father without a 
beard) is a pedestrian who scoots along like a 
belated express train. He is always in a hurry. 

A familiar group that marches down the 
avenue like a military detachment on parade is 
that composed usually of Congressmen Hamill, 
Kinkead, Scully, McCoy and Townsend. They 
are known as the “Mosquetaires”—they hail 
from the mosquito state—New Jersey. 

Washington millionaires usually walk—the 
poorer men ride. Congressman Jefferson Levy, 
who owns block after block of New York real 
estate, always walks. So do Senators Oliver, 
Penrose, Du Pont, Saulsbury and Hoke Smith 
—all rich men. 

You will find an astonishing degree of natur¬ 
alness in the eminent men who come to Wash¬ 
ington to help make the nation's laws. Men 
like Congressmen Fitzgerald, Goldfogle and 
Reardon, of New York, Murdock, of Kansas, 
and Rainey, of Illinois, are very democratic. 



Hon. John W. Davis, 
Rep. 1st Dis., W. Va. 



Hon. John J. Mitchell, 
Rep. 13th Dis., Mass. 


353 


















RICHMOND PEARSON HOBSON, M. C. 


The wrinkled front of grim-visaged war is held 
aloft by the Hero of Santiago who delights to 
throw a scare into Uncle Sam, to awaken him to 
the danger that he sees in the far^east. Peace may 
have her victories, but they are not the Hobson 
kind. Between Peace and War, Hobson’s choice 
is War. His motto is—“The knees that shake 
with fear, when I appear, are japan—ese.” 




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PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE. 

As they jog along they often stop to look in the 
shop windows, and a friend is sure to get a 
cordial handshake on meeting with them. These 
men and others like them you will notice are 
returned, session after session. Their cordial¬ 
ity and Bon Homie is as bread cast upon the 
waters. 



Hon. Charles Forest Curry, 
Rep. 3rd Dis., Cal. 



Hon. Louis Fitz Henry 
Rep. 17th Dis., III. 


CHAPTER XXXII 



Hon. W. L. Goodwin, 
Rep. 6th Dis., N. C. 




Hon. Horace M. Towner, 
Rep. 8th Dis., Iowa. 


STATE, WAR AND NAVY. 



scrapers, a more modest claim will 


suffice. Nevertheless, a building such as this 
is, with two miles of marble halls and over five 
hundred rooms is “some” building. As the 
records and archives are priceless and cannot 
be duplicated, the entire construction is fire¬ 
proof. 

The Navy Department is located in the east 
wing, the War Department in the West wing 
and the State Department in the South. 

The Secretary of State occupies a sump¬ 
tuous suite of offices on the second floor over¬ 
looking the park on the Potomac. The Diplo¬ 
matic room, a long and stately room assigned 
to conferences with representatives of foreign 
governments, is perhaps the most interesting. 
Historical paintings of great value adorn its 
walls and make it well worth a visit. Among 


356 








STATE, WAR AND NAVY. 


them are fine oil paintings of Thomas Jefferson, 
Daniel Webster, William H. Seward, E, B. 
Washburne, Hamilton Fish, William M. 
Evarts, James G. Blaine, F. T. Frelinghuysen 
and John Hay; some of the Secretaries of 
State who have served Uncle Sam in days gone 
by. 

A most entertaining room is one containing 
the Library of the State; for it contains, among 
other things of note, a fac simile of that much 
neglected document, the Declaration of Inde¬ 
pendence, the original of which is slowly dis¬ 
integrating and fading away notwithstanding 
the efforts made to preserve it by hermetically 
sealing it between heavy plates of glass. 

Here may also be seen the sword of Wash¬ 
ington (the Father of his country must have 
had an armory of swords) the identical and 
well attested sword he carried through all of 
his campaigns; and also the desk on which 
Thomas Jefferson drafted the Declaration of 
Independence. 

Another curious exhibit in this room is a 
well preserved copy of the Pekin Gazette, the 



Hon. Adolph J. Sabath, 
Rep. 5th Dis., III. 



Hdn. John T. Watki. __ 
Rep. 4th Dis., La. 



357 




















































FRANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT. 


Franklin Delano Roosevelt, who is Assistant 
Secretary of the Navy, adds great lustre to a name 
already bright. In words somewhat similar to 
those in “Pinafore” it can be said: 

He polished up the name 
So faith-ful-lee, 

That now he is a ruler 
Of a big Na-vee. 



















. 


' 




■ 












STATE, WAR AND NAVY. 


oldest newspaper in the world, having been 
issued daily since the eighth century—the 
original yellow journal. 

The library is a very notable one, fully equal 
to that of Great Britain's in importance. It 
includes over sixty thousand books on interna¬ 
tional law, history, biography and diplomacy. 
The government has expended vast sums to 
secure the valuable works comprised in this 
collection. Forty-five thousand dollars were 
paid for the complete papers of Washington, 
which are bound into three hundred and thirty- 
six volumes. Twenty-five thousand dollars was 
the cost of the Madison papers, comprising 
seventy-five volumes. The records and papers 
of Jefferson, Monroe, Hamilton and Franklin, 
aggregating about two hundred and fifty-six 
volumes, cost over seventy-five thousand dol¬ 
lars. 

The State Department is the depository for 
all the proclamations by the Executive, all en¬ 
grossed copies of the laws of the United States, 
all treaties, pardons and the myriads of other 
records and archives. 



Hon. C. B. Slemp, 
Rep. 9th Dis., Va. 



359 


Hon. Claude U. Stone, 
Rep. 16th Dis., III. 


THE CAPITAL. 



6th Dis., Cal. 



Hon. M. Clyde Kelly, 
13th Dis., Pa. 


In the passage ways leading to the Navy 
Department are a number of very fine models 
of war ships of the navy. These always attract 
crowds of people and to the “land-lubber” are 
very instructive. A ship has to pass through 
the ten bureaus presided over by the Secretary 
of the Navy before it is a finished product. 
This is said to be the most efficient system that 
could be devised to strengthen a navy. The 
walls of the corridor to the Secretary of War's 
offices and the ante-room show portraits of 
former secretaries beginning with Washing¬ 
ton's Secretary of War, Henry Knox. Well 
executed portraits of Grant, Sherman and 
Sheridan are also to be seen in this department. 

The Headquarters of the Army, and the 
office of the Commander-in-Chief are to be 
found on the opposite side of the hall. 

In the War and Navy Departments certain 
officers are engaged steadily in keeping tab on 
the operations of the Mexican Federal and 
Constitutionalist forces which are keeping 
Mexico in a state of constant turmoil and which 
may, in the opinion of army experts, eventually 


360 



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l 

' X: 

. 



MAJOR GENERAL LEONARD WOOD. 


Maj. Gen. Dr. Wood is Chief of Staff of Uncle 
Sam’s standing army. The appropriateness of this 
lies in the fact that Wood is the proper material 
to make a staff of. A former President wishing 
to secure suitable timber to frame up a new army 
organization, saw Wood. Deciding that Wood 
would do, he asked “would Wood accept?” Wood 
replied that he would. So Wood was elevated to 
the high post. His motto is—“Look up, when you 
leap.” 



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THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. William A. Oldfield, 
Rep. 2nd Dis., Ark. 



Hon. Ira C. Copley, 
Rep. 11th Dis., III. 


lead to intervention on the part of Uncle Sam. 
To be prepared for such a contingency, army 
and navy officers who have had service either 
as military or naval attaches or on war ships 
stationed in Mexican waters, have been as¬ 
signed to the task of keeping a record on large 
maps, of every detachment and command of 
the warring forces, and their constantly chang¬ 
ing locations. 

The Revolutionists, or Constitutionalists as 
they prefer to be designated, are represented 
by blue-tacks, and the Federals by red ones. 
To these tacks are attached tags containing an 
enumeration in red ink of the number of troops 
in each force, and the number of guns and their 
calibre. All field artillery, machine guns and 
rapid-fire guns are designated with great min¬ 
uteness. The names of commanding officers 
and their lieutenants are given in a large num¬ 
ber of instances. 

The condition of every mile of railroad track, 
of every bridge, viaduct and embankment in 
Mexico is noted, and the efficiency of the loco- 


362 


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SENATOR WILLARD SAULSBURY. 


A distinguished member of the American House 
of Lords is the present Lord of Delaware—a big 
man from a small State. He makes less noise than 
his colleague, who is in the gunpowder business, 
nevertheless Willard spells Will-lord in Delaware. 
His motto is—“Better a Big-bug amongst little 
bugs, than a little bug amongst Big-bugs.” 





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THE CAPITAL. 





Hon. John H. Small, 
Rep. 1st Dis., N. C. 



Hon. J. C. Floyd, 
Rep. 3rd Dis., Ark. 



motives and cars on all the railways is care¬ 
fully and accurately denoted. 

It is extremely interesting to know how all 
this information is collected. From army and 
navy officers and various secret agents of the 
United States government, much of this data 
is secured. Private advices from trustworthy 
persons residing in Mexico also furnish valu¬ 
able information of great value in such records. 

This work of obtaining military information 
has been in progress for some years. None of 
it may ever be utilized in the acutal conduct of 
war, but if there should ever come a time and a 
need for it, the knowledge so painstakingly 
secured may prove to be of inestimable value. 
The old axiom “In time of peace prepare for 
war” is religiously observed in Uncle Sam’s 
War and Navy Departments. 

The United States spends $100,000,000 a 
year on its army—two-thirds as much as 
France pays for hers. This large expenditure, 
when taken in connection with the smallness of 
our army, is hard to understand. General 
Leonard Wood says that notwithstanding this 


364 







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SENATOR MOSES E. CLAPP. 


Moses struck the rock and brought forth a 
stream of water—but it was left to the modern 
Moses to strike the Rockefeller; and lo!—there 
issued forth a turgid and rancid stream of oil. 
The Senator, being a true Progressive, believes 
in progress. He believes that the progress of 
bribe-tainted Senators out of the Senate can be 
greatly accelerated by the judicious use of oiled 
letters. In his pursuit of this class of game, he 
has captured many choice specimens which he has 
preserved in oil for the delectation and scrutiny 
of future generations, hoping therebj' to prove 
the truth of the old proverb—“The wicked stand 
in Standard Oil places, which are slippery.” 



























THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. James D. Post, 
Rep. 7th Dis., Ohio. 



Hon. Henry D, Clayton, 
Rep. 3rd Dis., Ala. 


great outlay, we have no decent army. He de¬ 
clares that if the department was properly and 
efficiently managed an army of 450,000 men 
could be maintained on this big sum; that Uncle 
Sam could be a big mogul among the war-lords 
of the world, and occupy a commanding place 
at the war-councils of the nations—but there 
are members of Congress who differ with him. 

The army now has about seventy-five thou¬ 
sand regulars and about onehundredand twenty 
thousand militia available. The army is replen¬ 
ished by men enlisted for three-year periods. 
The dignitaries of the army think we ought to 
imitate European countries and maintain a 
great standing army commensurate with Uncle 
Sam’s importance in the family of nations. To 
accomplish this purpose we have periodical war 
scares in the yellow journals. Japan is getting 
ready to land a couple of million of men on our 
coast and knock us all into a cocked hat. Our 
Monroe Doctrine will some day embroil us with 
a European power who will land a monster 
army on the beach at Coney Island, or Atlantic 
City and knock smithereens out of us. But 


366 


STATE, WAR AND NAVY. 


Uncle Sam doesn’t seem to scare much. He 
wonders if these military sharps ever take into 
account the number of ships necessary to trans¬ 
port a big army with its necessary supplies and 
ammunition across the stormy oceans. And 
also the very important question as to what our 
navy would be doing in the meantime. Mod- 

non. rorxer i en t/v, 

ern wars are decided by the biggest war chests, Rep. 28th Dis., n. y. 
and Uncle Sam is rich—very rich. 

It is not surprising to find that our Military 
Doctors should decide that the army is sick—* 
that’s the business of a doctor. On the other 
hand it makes a man vastly more important to 
have command of 450,000 men, rather than a 
mere corporal’s guard of 75,000. 




CHAPTER XXXIII 



Hon. C. O. Lobeck, 
Rep. 2nd Dis., Neb. 



Hon. Egan R. Kriess, 
Rep. 15th Dis., Pa. 


UNCLE SAM’S PRINT SHOP. 

HE art of printing is the art pre¬ 
servative of all the arts, including 
the art of oratory as practiced in the 
Halls of Congress, where “leave to 
print” is so often the powerful ally 
of many a tongue-tied Demosthenes who might 
otherwise perish were it not for that famous 
oratorical life-saving station, The Congres¬ 
sional Record. 

No other periodical has so large or so fine a 
home, for Uncle Sam’s print-shop is the largest 
and finest in the world. It cost the tidy sum of 
sixteen million dollars to build and equip. 

Besides the daily Congressional Record, it 
produces a score of daily, weekly, monthly and 
yearly publications. Its operations are on a 
(truly enormous scale. In one year it set up 
one million and a quarter pages of type matter, 
printed over three billion pages and bound over 
a million and three-quarter copies of various 
books and pamphlets. 

It consumes over a million dollars’ worth of 



368 






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SENATOR JAMES A. REED. 


Julius Caesar had his Mark Anthony and Champ 
Clark had his Senator Reed. A great tragedy was 
enacted when the Missouri Champ was slain in the 
Democratic Convention Forum. “Et tu Brute”— 
“Bryan you brute!” he exclaimed as he counted 
the conspirators daggers sticking in him. His 
faithful Mark Anthony Reed was disconsolate. 
“Romans, Italians, Missourians!” he beseeched, 
“lend me your ears.” But the Democratic donkey 
shrieked a mocking “Hee Haw!” as he galloped 
off with his ears in the direction of the Wilson 
stables. Mark Anthony was bent, but not broken. 
A Reed will bend without breaking. 















THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Andrew J. Volstead, 
7th Dis., Minn. 



Hon. William Kettner, 
Rep. 11th Dis., Cal. 


paper annually. The waste paper sold amounts 
to forty thousand dollars worth in a twelve- 
month, while twenty-five tons of printers’ ink 
are used on its labrynth of printing presses. 
In one room can be counted ninety linotype ma¬ 
chines in operation, and in another room the 
roar of eighty-eight presses can be heard 
whose output is over a million copies an hour. 
These presses are the finest built, equipped with 
all modern appliances, and are run by individ¬ 
ual electric motors. 

President Wilson recently transmitted a 
lengthy document to Congress. In two days it 
was printed and in the hands of every member 
of Congress, and every member of the press in 
Washington. It comprised over two hundred 
and fifty pages, illustrated with twenty-five 
half-tone engravings. An ordinary printing 
establishment would require at least a week to 
produce a similar work. 

Printing the Congressional Record, with its 
accompanient printing of committee reports, 
hearings, and bills, amounts to a trifle over two 
million dollars a year. 


370 


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SENATOR WILLIAM EDGAR BORAH. 


A new Lochinvar is come out of the west. His 
name is Borah, and his State is Idaho. The wise 
men of the east have prophesied that he is to 
lead his tribe back to the promised land where 
there is a beautiful maiden awaiting him in a 
castle painted white. His motto is—“A Bull Moose 
on a string is worth two in the woods.” 







3S come out of the west 






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THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. John J. Esch, 
Rep. 7th Dis., Wis. 



Hon. William Kennedy, 
Rep. 5th Dis., Conn. 


The Patent Office makes heavy demands on 
the resources of the Public Printer. Printing 
the Patent Office Gazette, a weekly, containing 
drawings and specifications of all patents is¬ 
sued, and all the trade-marks granted during 
the week would alone seriously tax the capacity 
of any first-class printing plant. 

The annual Year-Book issued by the Depart¬ 
ment of Agriculture is a no inconsiderable item 
in the output of the Printing bureau. Five 
hundred thousand copies of this elaborate work 
are turned out annually. It consists of eight 
hundred pages, illustrated with beautiful plates 
in color of various fruits grown in the United 
States, as well as a great number of elaborate 
half-tone engravings. Such a work would 
probably sell for five dollars a copy. Each vol¬ 
ume weighs approximately three pounds and 
is particularly well bound. It is one of the most 
useful and valuable books produced and dis¬ 
tributed by the government, and is highly ap¬ 
preciated by the intelligent farmers who get it 
through the agency of their local Congressmen. 

The greatest feat in printing ever undertaken 


372 







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SENATOR WILLIAM HUGHES. 


United States Senator Hughes is a well known 
figure at the Capitol, but as “Billy” Hughes, he 
is far better known in New Jersey, where he 
resides. In a metaphorical sense, he plays first 
fiddle in the Administration Orchestra and it is 
a certainty that he is never out of tune. His 
many friends in the Senate declare that he’s the 
most popular Bill that ever passed from the House 
to the Senate chamber. His motto is—“The Presi¬ 
dent is always right, but right or wrong, I’m with 
the President.” 





..•>U'""UUh 


















THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Frank L. Green, 
Rep. 1st Dis., Vt. 



Hon. Albert Johnson, 
Rep. 2nd Dis., Wash. 


was that which was accomplished when the 
Government Printing bureau produced The 
War of the Rebellion Records. This stupend¬ 
ous work consisted of one hundred and twenty- 
eight volumes, containing more than a hundred 
thousand pages. The entire edition reached 
the big figures of one million and a half of 
volumes. 

So accurately are the accounts of the plant 
kept that the head of the bureau is made ac¬ 
quainted .with the costs of operation at the close 
of each day. This enables him to shape his 
operations to suit the amount appropriated for 
use during the fiscal year. It is safe to say 
that the government printing office was never 
run so economically and so efficiently as it is 
today and notwithstanding the half million dol¬ 
lars which the government demands for holi¬ 
days and leaves of absence, it compares favor¬ 
ably with any printing plant in the country. 

What is particularly needed at the Govern¬ 
ment Printery is an able and consciencious 
editor who knows how to use a blue pencil. It 
was disclosed in a recent investigation into the 


374 





SENATOR ALBERT FALL. 


Little A1 Fall, 

Sat in the Hall, 

Grasping his Mexican pie. 
He put in his thumb, 

Plucked out a plum; 

“Oh! What a sly boy am I!” 
























*c. 

*' '**-■ 

"*■*«!£& 5 * 





























THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Otis Wingo, 
Rep. 4th Dis., Ark. 



Hon. F. D. Tess, 
Rep. 6th Dis., Ohio. 


cost of printing that two-thirds of the public 
documents printed could be blue-penciled to 
half of their dimensions without impairing 
their value. 

Brevity is the soul of wit—-just as much in 
Uncle Sam’s Printery as anywhere else. 



Hon. Otis Wingo, 
Rep. 4th Dis., Ark. 



Hon. F. D. Tess, 
Rep. 6th Dis., Ohio. 



376 


CHAPTER XXXIV 


THE LINCOLN MEMORIAL. 

OME ten years ago the McMillan 
Park commission, composed of four 
of the most eminent architects and 
artists of America, unanimously 
agreed upon a situation upon the 
banks of the Potomac river whereon to erect 
a suitabe memorial to Abraham Lincoln. After 
the fiercest battle fought in many a year on the 
floor of the House of Representatives it was 
finally decided to appropriate $2,000,000 for 
the purpose. 

In 1911 a commission known as the Lincoln 
Memorial Commission, having with rare good 
judgment considered the confusion that ensues 
when there is a competition of many designs, 
determined to avoid any such unhappy con¬ 
tingency and selected Henry Bacon, the tal¬ 
ented New York architect, to plan the proposed 
memorial. This plan provides for the erection 
of an exquisite structure of white marble fash¬ 
ioned upon the beautiful lines of ancient Greek 
art as exemplified in the Parthenon of the 




Hon. Finley Gray, 
Rep. 1st Dis., Ind. 



2nd Dis., Iowa. 


377 





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SENATOR T. J. WALSH. 


From the bowels of Montana’s earth come great 
treasures. The mighty arm of Labor has per¬ 
formed a great task in uplifting this far-western 
State to an enviable height through the develop¬ 
ment of its great mineral resources. It has like¬ 
wise elevated a number .of its worthy citizens, 
chief amongst whom is Senator Walsh, who is 
familiarly known as “The man from Montana.” 





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THE LINCOLN MEMORIAL. 



Acropolis at Athens. Its interior dimensions 
will be one hundred and thirty feet long, sixty 
feet wide and sixty feet from the floor to the 
ceiling. In the centre of the west hall, will be 
placed an heroic statute of Lincoln. In the 
centre of the north wall will be displayed the 
text of the celebrated Gettysburg address, Hon Manue , Earnshaw , 
while in a corresponding position on the south Deie 9 ate > Philippine islands. 


wall will#be set a memorial of Lincoln’s second 
inaugural address. 

Across the hall from east to west, screening 
the statue as it were from the mural memorials, 
will be a colonnade of pillars of Ionic type. 
This is done to relieve the emptiness of the hall 
and to isolate the memorials and make the tab¬ 
lets more impressive. 

East of the memorial will be a large lagoon 
on the reflective surface of which will be mir¬ 
rored the white marble structure in all its 
beauty of Greek design. 

The memorial structure is designed to sur¬ 
mount a series of terraces of which the lowest 
will be circular in form with a diameter of one 
thousand feet. The topmost terrace, set in the 



Hon. G. W. Taylor, 
Rep. 1st Dis., Ala. 


379 











SENATOR GILBERT M. HITCHCOCK. 


Caligula, the Roman Emperor, wished that all 
his enemies had but one throat that he might cut 
it with a stroke. The Nebraska Senator has the 
same sanguinary impulse regarding the Tobacco 
Trust. Latterly he has manifested a patriotic 
impulse to slash the “Anglo-American Arbitration 
Alliance” proposition. His motto is—“Down with 
Arbi-Traitors!” 
















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THE LINCOLN MEMORIAL. 

centre of this great circle, will be in the form of 
a rectangle, with its long side facing the Capi¬ 
tol. It will be ascended by thirteen steps, sym¬ 
bolical of the thirteen original states of the 
Union. 

A stately colonnade of thirty-six columns, 
each forty feet in height and six feet, nine in¬ 
ches in diameter at the base, will occupy the 
floor of this rectangular terrace. They will be 
emblematic of the thirty-six states in the Union 
at the time of Lincoln’s death. 

The design of the Lincoln Memorial, by with¬ 
drawing into the seclusion of a monumental 
hall the statue of Lincoln and memorials of his 
two great speeches, and by placing in this hall, 
expressing in its interior the Union, in the se¬ 
clusion of an area surrounded by groves of 
trees, bordered by the Potomac river and re¬ 
lated to the monument to Washington, will have 
a significance not possible on any other site in 
the United States. 

Regarding the fitness of the Greek character 
of the design, there has been no type better 
fitted for this purpose than that shown in the 



Hon. Edward Taylor, 
Com.-at-Large, Colo. 



Hon. Samuel Wallin, 
Rep. 13th Dis., N. Y. 


381 




























































































OLLIE MERLE JAMES—KNUTE NELSON. 

Had the David and Goliath of ancient times the 
peaceful and amiable qualities of the modern 
Goliath and David of the United States Senate, 
there never would have been the sanguinary scrap 
so famous in history. Although they both come 
from fighting states, they are not fighters. There 
is a noted fighting namesake of Nelson in Minne¬ 
sota, with the pugnacious name of “Batier,” but 
he’s no relation of the famous Senator. As for 
Ollie, he is too fleshy, obese, bulky, stout, sebace¬ 
ous, and fat to fight. 


















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THE LINCOLN MEMORIAL. 


marvelous conception of the famed Greek 
artists. In whatever relates to artistic expres¬ 
sion, whether in poetry, in eloquence, in sculp¬ 
ture, or in architecture, who is there in the 
world that can surpass the ancient Greeks? 
While few remnants of Greek architecture have 
survived the hand of the barbarian and the rav¬ 
ages of time, yet when we come to view their 
fragments today, broken and mutilated though 
they be, we stand enthralled in wonder and 
admiration. 

Than the majestic column of the Greek there 
is nothing more beautiful in the realms of archi¬ 
tecture. The Greek column is eloquent. It 
illustrates dignity, beauty, simplicity and 
strength. And however the soul of Lincoln 
might have been chiseled in its making, as he 
finally developed, every one of those elements 
were represented in his noble character. 

Apart from its artistic advantages, there is 
a sentimental side to the selection of the site for 
a memorial to the Great Liberator. As he sat 
in the White House upon a spot over which his 
eyes used to look longingly and yearningly tow- 



Hon. Benj. G. Humphreys, 
Rep. 3rd Dis., Miss. 



Hon. William R. Smith, 
Rep. 17th Dis., Texas. 


383 


THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. George F. O'Shanessy, 
1st Dis., R. I. 



Hon. John M. Evans, 
Cong.-at-Large, Mont. 


ard that part of the Union which he was 
bending every energy to keep as a part of our 
common country, the location of his monument 
is especially felicitous. 

The view from the White House windows, 
looking towards the hills and valleys of Old 
Virginia, over the Potomac, will encompass the 
beautiful marble memorial in its scope and ever 
serve to recall the memory of the man in whose 
honor it is erected. 

That sentiment is by no means dead within 
the Halls of Congress was evinced during the 
days in which the project of erecting the me¬ 
morial was debated. 

“The Roman city gives a striking example,” 
said Representative Kahn, from the cultured 
district of San Francisco. “I recall that some¬ 
where near the Forum stands the Arch of Titus. 
It is scarred and weather-beaten, for it has 
braved the elements since the first century of 
the Christan Era. The surrounding buildings 
have crumbled into dust, but that Arch still 
stands, a mute reminder of the eventful history 
of Titus. Near by stands the ruins of the 


384 


THE LINCOLN MEMORIAL. 

Coliseum, built by this same Titus, but now 
crumbling, moldering; the lizards and bats its 
sole inhabitants. Close by stands the Arch of 
Constantine, well preserved through the ages. 
There, too, the columns of Trajan and Hadrian 
still rear their lofty tops after centuries.” 

The tributes to Lincoln during this memor¬ 
able debate were many; and the final decision 
by Congress to appropriate a large sum of 
money to erect the memorial was a lasting proof 
of the Nation’s grateful appreciation. 

The philosophy of a life like Lincoln’s takes 
hold upon millions. It abides in the hearts of 
men. 

Born in wretched poverty, he has been num¬ 
bered with the greatest of the earth. 

Never in his lifetime regarded as an orator, 
his Gettysburg address alone, will never die. 

Never educated, he is conceded to have been 
one of the wisest of men. 

Never a trained soldier, he commanded in 
war greater armies than any general or mon¬ 
arch. 

The humblest of men, it fell to him in an hour 



Rep., 27th Dlst., N. Y. 



Hon. Bird S. McGuire 
Rep., 1st Dlst., Okla. 


385 


THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Augustine Lonergon 
Rep. 1st Dlst., Conn. 



Hon. Charles D. Carter 
Rep. 3rd Dlst., Okla. 


of crushing responsibility, by the stroke of a 
pen to forever extinguish slavery in the land 
of the free. 

There is no obscurity in the philosophy of 
such a life. Its lessons are for all. From the 
honored Lincoln we should take increased de¬ 
votion to that cause for which he gave the last 
full measure of devotion, that this nation under 
God should have a new birth of freedom, and 
that Government of the People, by the People, 
and for the People, should not perish from the, 
earth. 



CHAPTER XXXV 



THE PENSION BUREAU. 

FAMOUS General once epitomized 
war as a sort of brimstone and phos¬ 
phorus affair. This characteriza¬ 
tion was doubtless correct regarding 
its immediate effects, but until the 
advent of the Pension system nobody suspected 
that it was so enduring in its results. 

The Civil War was ended some fifty years 
ago, but Uncle Sam is still paying the bill in 
the shape of pensions to the cripples of that war, 
who seem to be steadily increasing in numbers 
as the years progress. 

The last annual pension bill, of 1913, appro¬ 
priated the neat little sum of $180,000,000 to 
help keep the wolves from the doors of the long- 
lived relics of the days of ’61. As a superin¬ 
ducement to longevity, Uncle Sam’s Pension 
Bureau is unsurpassed. 

The Pension Building is an immense struc¬ 
ture covering an area of 200x400 feet. The 
roof of iron and glass is sustained by enormous 
columns of brick construction. Each column 


387 




THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. Willis C. Hawley 
Rep., 1st Dlst., Ore. 



Hon. Henry G. Dupre 
Rep., 2nd Dlst., La. 


contains over 55,000 bricks which rest on a 
foundation 18 feet below the floor. Some idea 
of the spacious interior may be had from the 
fact that it measures 75 feet from floor to roof. 
The floor space is filled with rows of cabinets, 
in which are filed the hundreds of thousands of 
pension documents. Over 2,000 clerks are re¬ 
quired to conduct this immense bureau. 

There are at present almost a million names 
on the Pension list and it will soon require 
$200,000,000 a year to meet the steadily in¬ 
creasing demands of the Bureau. 

The pension roll should be a roll of honor, 
and everyone entitled to a pension should be 
considered as being in the honorable class. 
But there are many names on the roll that 
should be expunged from it. 

In the year 1911, $2,500,000 was recovered 
from fraudulent recipients and fifty-one pen¬ 
sioners were convicted of fraud. In a recent 
investigation a number of pensioners *were 
found to have been army deserters during the 
war. A number of men who were dishonorably 
discharged for desertion, drunkenness, em- 


388 


THE PENSION BUREAU. 

bezzlement, homicide, or cowardice have lately 
been detected by the Bureau. One of these men 
had been branded on the body with “D”—de¬ 
serter. Another, a Major, had been court-mar¬ 
tialed and dismissed from the service for fail¬ 
ing to advance in battle. He was found snugly 
ensconced in the pension-roll drawing a com¬ 
fortable allowance from the government he had 
so dishonorably served in its time of need. 
Another official, a Captain, had been a bene¬ 
ficiary on the roll, although his record upon 
investigation showed that he had been dis¬ 
missed from the service for abandoning his 
command in the face of the enemy. 

By making the pension-roll public all these 
derelictions would be made impossible. Pu¬ 
blicity is a great corrector of evil. Turn on the 
light and the rats will all run to cover. 

An old soldier on a visit to Washington, 
happened in at the Pension Building one after¬ 
noon. He was spare of build and inclined to 
limp somewhat, as if at sometime in his earlier 
life he had been severely wounded and the in¬ 
tervening years had not palliated the injury to 
any great extent. 



Hon. Howard Sutherland 
Rep., W. Va. 



Hon. Leonidas C. Dyer 
Rep., 12th Dlst., Mo. 


389 


THE CAPITAL. 



Hon.. Charles M. Thompson 
Rep. 10th Dlst., III. 



Hon. George C. Scott 
Rep. 11th Dlst., Iowa 


He looked about the vast structure in a most 
interested way. The monster brick pillars in 
the centre of the big barn-like interior, riveted 
his attention. They seemed disproportionately 
large for the apparently light burden they sup¬ 
ported. Approaching the attendant who stood 
guard at the great doorway, he saluted after 
the manner of a soldier to his superior officer. 

In response to the old man’s queries for in¬ 
formation regarding the famous building, the 
attendant replied: “A great lot of fun has been 
poked at this building, but it’s a grand old 
structure. Twenty thousand people assembled 
here on the occasion of the last Inaugural Ball.” 

“But the new administration doesn’t be¬ 
lieve in 'Turkey-trots’ and 'Tango’s,”’ chuck¬ 
led the old man. 

“They used to call it General Meig’s barn,— 
'Turkey-trots’ ought to go in a barn,” laugh¬ 
ingly retorted the attendant. 

“Speaking of barns, what do you keep in all 
those 'pigeon’ holes?” inquired the old soldier, 
indicating case after case which seemed to fill 
the ground floor. 


390 


THE PENSION BUREAU. 

“Those are the repositories for hundreds of 
thousands of documents relating to pensions, 
and so perfect is the system that within five 
minutes after inquiry the entire record of a 
pension case may be ascertained.” 

“And I suppose there’s many a fraudulent 
claim secrete^ among the lot,” jocosely re¬ 
marked the old soldier. 

“Those cabinets contain the records of 
thousands of deeds of heroism,” quickly re¬ 
torted the attendant, who drew himself up in 
pride at the thought. 

“And they also contain thousands of argu¬ 
ments against war,” sententiously remarked 
the old soldier as he departed, leaning on his 
cane as he limped along. 




CHAPTER XXXVI 




, 4 ^ 

Hon. Thadeus Caraway 
Rep.» 1st Dlst., Ark. 


THE AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT. 

O make two blades of grass grow 
where only one grew before—that 
that is the purpose of Uncle Sam's 
Agricultural Department. In 1865, 
the yield of wheat per acre was ten 
bushels. To day it is fifty per cent, greater 
Fifty years ago corn yielded twenty-five bushels 
per acre, now over fifty bushels can be raised in 
an average year, and all other crops show the 
same proportionate increase. 

The Bureau of Soils has completed the sur¬ 
vey of over two hundred and fifty thousand 
square miles broadcast, and has catalogued 
more than eight hundred soil types. The Agri¬ 
cultural Department wants to know the likes 
and dislikes of every acre. 

This is their method: A soil expert from 
Washington bores a three-foot hole in a farm¬ 
ers' corn field, to the farmers’ amazement. His 
curious-looking auger brings up a cylinder of 
soil which the expert carefully preserves and 
analyzes strata by strata. He figures on its 


392 









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3 iifchMaai 6 rf 3 aim '^ • -M snilcnuD 



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-M5V(i| in« aiH *»«<! 

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■ 







DAVID FRANKLIN HOUSTON. 


The Secretary of Agriculture hails from the 
State of Houn’ Dawgs, Mules and people who 
demand to be shown. Although a native of South 
Carolina, he has imbibed the main characteristic 
of his adopted State, and wants to be shown why 
the farmers are not living in marble palaces as a 
result of the high prices for hogs and garden-sass. 
Although only a theoretical farmer, he has many 
practical ideas about farming, believing in the 
rotation of crops to such an extent that he advises 
the raising of mortgages after the raising of 
prices. His motto is—“Don’t count your govern¬ 
ment seeds before they sprout.” 






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•il111 l^!lill«iS^BlBBJ# wr/I/ ^RnBrSiKSf^xJ^ 

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1 































THE CAPITAL. 



Hon. George C. Perkins 
U. S. Senator, Cal. 



Hon. George E. Gorman 
Rep. 3rd Dfst., III. 


geological character, tests it scientifically, and 
files the information away in his card-index. 
Then if the farmer is up-to-date he will care¬ 
fully read the Farmer’s Bulletin, sent to him 
at the request of his Congressman, and learn 
more about the soil of his farm than he ever 
dreamed of, and furthermore, he will learn that 
the Government has shown him a way whereby 
he can almost double his crops by a judicious 
application of nitrates and phosphates; or he 
can learn that instead of turning out five per 
cent, dividends by raising corn, he can earn 
twenty per cent, by growing peas. 

The old idea was that an acre of ordinary 
soil could grow anything. It is the purpose of 
the Department of Agriculture to show that 
every acre is especially adapted to some special 
crop. 

It is an unquestionable fact that the crops 
are not keeping pace with the growth of pop¬ 
ulation. Our wheat crops are called “bumper” 
but they only average about six million bushels 
more than a decade ago, while the population 
has increased over twenty millions. The way 


394 


THE AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT 

to combat this menace is to spread the gospel 
of good farming, which the Department is 
doing by means of bulletins, reports and circu¬ 
lars. The Bureau of Statistics has a corps of al¬ 
most one hundred and forty thousand crop re¬ 
porters who gather and publish information re¬ 
specting the area and condition of the growing 
crops. The greatest care is exercised in pre¬ 
venting this information from getting into the 
hands of speculators ahead of time, for gambl¬ 
ing purposes. There are over fifty agricultural 
experiment stations which are engaged in test¬ 
ing the value of seeds by actual experiment. 
Their aggregate work results in adding a great 
amount of valuable information to the sum of 
agricultural knowledge possessed by the 
farmers. 

Unrelenting campaigns are conducted 
against the codling moth, the gypsy moth, the 
orange thrip, the brown-tail moth, and myriads 
of insect pests that annually destroy over a 
billion dollars’ worth of plant life. 

The Bureau of Plant Industry is doing re¬ 
markably good work in extirpating the noxious 



i. Lawrence B. Stringer 
Rep.-at-Large, 111- 



Hon. Daniel E. Garrett 
Rep.*at-Large, Texas 


395 



Hon. Francisco J. Paynado 
Envoy Extraordinary and 
Minister Plenipotentiary 
of the Dominican 
Republic. 



Hon. Pedro Ezequel Rojas 


Envoy Extraordinary and 
Minister Plenipotentiary 
of the United States 
of Venezuela. 


THE CAPITAL. 

diseases of plants, which it studies as thorough¬ 
ly as physicians study the diseases of the human 
race. It also explores the world for new crops 
for American farmers. Dates have been 
brought from Egypt, grapes from France, 
olives and figs from Itlay, wild peaches from 
China, rice from Siam, onions from Spain, 
millet from Siberia, and many other varieties 
of plants from remote parts of the earth. 

A remarkable instance of the effectiveness 
of this method of adding to the resources of 
agriculture is shown in the rice industry. 
Some years ago rice plants were brought from 
China and planted in South Carolina. Now 
there are over six hundred thousand acres of 
rice grown annually in the Southern States, 
which bring a return of over fifteen million 
dollars to the planters, and add a valuable food 
staple to the list of American cereals. 

For the purpose of increasing the knowledge 
of farmers in regard to the varieties of birds 
in the country, the Agricultural Department 
has issued a beautiful little book showing every 
species in natural colors. This book is in great 


396 



THE AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT 

demand. A Western Congressman requested 
a local paper to publish an announcement to 
the effect that he would send a copy to any one 
who would write to him. One of his constitu- 
nets read the notice hastily and immediately 
wrote as follows: 

“I just seen youre advertisement about free 
birds an rite too send me one of youre gren 
talking parrotts. If you haven't no parrotts 
left an irish thrush will do.” 

The Congressman sent him a spelling-book. 

The Department, under the administration 
of Secretary Houston, has taken on an impetus 
that promises well for the future of American 
Agriculture, and the American farmer will 
soon be in a class by himself—the class that 
raises mortgages in rotation with other crops. 



Hon. Clement Brumbaugh 
Rep., 12th Diet., Ohio 



Hon. William Richardson 
Rep., 8th Dist., Ala. 


CHAPTER XXXVII 



Hon. George W. Rauch 
Rep. 11th Dlst., Ind. 



Hon. John Barrett 
Director Pan.-American U 


A CAPITAL PLANNED TO ORDER. 

O book on Washington would be 
complete without a reference to the 
man who' so ably planned it. It is 
the only capital in the world de¬ 
signed solely for the purposes of 
government, and the only one named after a 
nation’s first leader. 

As it stands today it expresses the personal 
taste and intentions of George Washington, 
who selected its site, and under whose foster¬ 
ing care the foundations were so securely laid 
that today it has become one of the great capi¬ 
tals of the world. As he passed on his way to 
and from Georgetown, the site of the future 
capital was familiar to him and a more appro¬ 
priate setting for a governmental city it would 
be difficult to secure. 

He selected a young military engineer Major 
Pierre Charles L’Enfant, a Frenchman and a 
near relative of D’Estaing, only twenty-two 
years of age, to draw a plan for the new federal 
city. 



398 


THE CAPITAL. 


Fixing upon the elevated plateau in the 
eastern quarter as a site for the Capitol, the 
young engineer planned to locate the other pub¬ 
lic buildings in the west, over a mile away. 

If Washington has become one of the great rrrnfr 
capitals of the world and grown to be the most 
beautiful city of this great nation, it is largely 
due to the far-sightedness of this talented * ) 

young engineer “who planned a capital, not for 
thirteen colonies, but for a republic of fifty X\ ) 
states, and for hundreds of millions of inhabit¬ 
ants;”—a regal city conceived in the spirit of 
Tom Moore's prophetic lines, 


“In fancy now, beneath the twilight gloom, 
Come, let me lead thee o'er this 'second Rome.' ” 






























































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- 


. 

' 


■ . i 




















































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■ 
























\ 




















PORTRAIT INDEX 


Page 


Abercrombie, John W. 

Adamson, William C. 

Alexander, Joshua W. 

Anderson. Sydney . 

Ansberry, Timothy T. 

Ashbrook, William A. 

Aswell, J. B. 

Austin, Richard W. 

Avis, S. B. 

Breckinridge, H. S. 

Burleigh, Edwin C. 

Bakhmeteff, G., Russian Ambassador 

Bailey, Warren W. 

Barchfield, Andrew J. 

Barrett, John . 

Bathrick, E. R. 

Bixley, W. H. 

Booher, Charles F. 

Borland, William P. 

Bowdle, Stanley E. 

Bremner, Robert G. 

Britten, Fred A. 

Brockson, Franklin . 

Brown, Lathrop . 

Browne, E. E. 

Browning, William J. 

Brumbaugh, Clement L. 

Bryan, J. W. 

Bulkley, Robert J. 

Caperton, W. B. 

Catron, Thomas B. 

Clark. Sen. Clarence D. 

Culberson, Sen. Charles A. 

Calvo, J. B... 

Calder, William M. 

Calloway, Oscar . 

Campbell, E. X. 

Caraway, T. H. 

Carter, Charles D. 

Cary, William J... 

Casey, J. J. 

Chandler, Walter M.. 

Clayton, Henry D. 

Copley, Ira C. 

Cox, William E. 

Cramton, Louis C. 

Crisp, Charles R. 

Cullop, William A. 

Curry, Charles F. 

Dillon, C. H. 

Dillingham, Sen. William P. 

Davenport, James S. 

Davis, John W. 

Dershem, F. L. 

Dixon, Lincoln . 

Doolittle, Dudley . 

Duprex, H. Garland.. 

Dyer, L. C. 

Earnshaw, Manuel . 

Engle, O. L. 

Esch. John J.... 


318 

84 

19 

20 
87 

336 

317 
334 
253 
171 

18 

28 

27 

184 

398 

219 

214 

296 

329 

86 

58 

292 

178 
236 

179 
262 
397 
322 
231 
271 
218 

65 

208 

267 

325 

226 

216 

392 

386 

324 

27 

239 

366 
362 
292 
188 
251 
267 

367 
34 
56 

327 

353 

95 

29 

314 

388 

389 
379 

318 
372 


Page 


Evans, John M... 384 

Fletcher, Duncan U. 256 

Fergusson, H. B. 343 

Ferris, Scott . 350 

Fess, Simeon D. 376 

Fields, William J. 23 

FitzHenry, Louis . 367 

Flood, Henry D. 311 

Floyd, John C. 364 

Francis, William B. 235 

French, Burton L. 336 

Galloway, B. Y. 165 

Garrett, Daniel E. 395 

Garrett, Finis J. 341 

George, Henry. 258 

Gillett, Frederick H. 318 

Goeke, J. Henry. 174 

Goldfogle, Henry M. 48 

Good, James W. 259 

Goodwin, William . 356 

Gorman, George E. 394 

Goulden, J. A. 293 

Gray, Finley H. 377 

Greene, Frank L. 374 

Gregg, A. W. 254 

Gronna, Sen. A. J. 42 

Gudger, James M., Jr. 212 

Guernsey, Frank E. 338 

Hollis, Sen. Henry F. 26 

Hamill, James A. 56 

Hammond, Winfield S. 233 

Harris, W. J. 167 

Harrison, Byron P. 331 

Hawley, Willis C. 388 

Hayes, Everis A.*. 225 

Helgesen, Henry T. 313 

Henry, Robert L. 54 

Hensley, Walter L. 331 

Hill. R. D. 160 

Hinds, Asher C. 238 

Hinebaugh, William H. 79 

Houston, William C. 287 

Howell, Joseph . 321 

Hughes, Dudley M. 325 

Hulings, W. J. 341 

Humphreys, Benjamin G. 383 

Humphrey, William E. 228 

Igoe, W. L. 352 

Jacoway, Henderson M. 348 

Johnson, Albert . 374 

Johnson, Ben . .16-51 

Johnson, Jacob . 290 

Keating, Edward . 334 

Kelly, M. Clyde.134-360 

Kennedy, Ambrose . 294 

Kennedy, William . 372 

Kettner, William . 370 

Key, John A. 317 

Kiess, E. R. 368 

Kindel, George J. 322 

Kinkead. Eugene F. 157 



























































































































X 


PORTRAIT INDEX. 


Konop, Thomas F. 

Lippitt, Henry F. 

Lazaro, L.... .. 

Lee, Sen. Blair. 

Lee, Gordon . 

Lenroot, Irving L.... 

Lesher, John Y. 

Levy, Jefferson M. 

Lewis, F. E. 

Lindbergh, Charles A. 
Lindquist, Francis O. 
Linthicum, J. Charles 
Lobeck, C. O. 


Lonergan, Augustine 
McClellan, George .... 

McCoy, Walter I. 

McGillicuddy, Daniel 

McGuire, Bird S. 

Sen. G. P... 
John Ai . r-. .. 

Mahan, B. F. 

Manahan, James .... 

Mapes, Carl E. 

Metz, H. A. 

Mitchell, John J. 

Mondell, Frank W.... 

Moon, John A. 

Moore, J. Hampton.... 

Morgan, Dick T. 

Morrison, Martin A... 

Mott. Luther W. 

Murray, William H... 

Meyers, Henry L. 

Neely, George A. 

Nelson, John M. 

Nolan, J. I. 

Norris, Sen. G. W. 

Norton. P- D. 


J 


Oliver, George T... 

Osborne, W. H. 

Overman, Lee S. 

Oglesby, Woodsen R. 

Oldfield, William A. 

O’Shaunessy, George F, 
Perkins, Sen. George C 

Poindexter, Miles . 

Padgett, Lemuel P. 

Page, Robert N. 

Paynado, F. J. 

Pepper, Irvin S. 

Peters, Andrew J. 

Platt, Edmund . 

Plumley, Frank . 

Post, James D. 

Prouty, S. F. 

Quinn, P. E. 

Ransdell, Sen. Joseph E 

Robinson, Sen. 

Rojas, P. E. 

Raker, John E. 

Rauch, George W. 

Rea, Samuel . 


Page 

... 367 
. . . 74 

.. . 229 
.. . 19 

... 352 
... 293 
... 348 
. . . 92 

.. . 14 

. . . 60 
... 328 
... 289 
... 368 
... 386 
... 385 
... 288 
... 193 
... 385 
... 316 
... 312 
... 339 
... 319 
... 26 
... 180 
... 353 
... 338 
... 53 

... 215 
. . . 20 
... 221 
. . . 49 

.. . 91 

... 197 
... 290 
... 346 
... 360 
. . . 43 

. . . 321 
. . . 16 
... 169 
. . . 13 

. .. 294 
... 362 
. . . 384 
... 394 
. . . 63 

. . . 60 
.. . 143 
. . . 396 
... 377 
... 311 
... 328 
... 339 
....366 
... 224 
... 208 
.. . 75 

... 39 

... 396 
135-278 
... 398 
... 263 


Page 


Reed, E. E... 61 

Reilly, M. K. 183 

Reilly, Thomas L....;. 146 

Richardson, William . 397 

Roper, D. C. 164 

Ruby, Thomas L. 343 

Rupley, A. R. 23-59 

Russell, Joseph J. 49 

Sheppard, Morris . .*>. 72 

Shively, Benjamin F. 136 

Smith, Sen. J. Walter. 62 

Sabath, Adolph J. 357 

Scott, George C. 390 

Scully, Thomas J. 152 

Sharp, William G. 350 

Sherwood, Isaac R. 283 

Shreve, Milton W. TJS 

Slemp, C. Bascom. SB'S 

Sloan, Charles H.>*201 

Small, John H.-.364 

Smith, Addison T..... 319 

Smith, Chailgs B.^rYT..234 

Smith, Frank tti'TTTTT •••••• . 24 

Smith, Sen. M. A. 47 

Smith, Samuel W. 53 

Smith, William R. 383 

Sparkman, Stephen M. 29 

Steenerson, Halvor . 61 

Stevens, Dan. V. 296 

Stephens, John H. 324 

Stone, Claude U. 359 

Stringer, L. B. 395 

Sutherland, Howard . 389 

Taggart, Joseph . 181 

Taylor, Benj. 1. 328 

Taylor, Edward T. 381 

Taylor, G. W. 379 

Temple, H. W. 82 

Ten Eyclc, P. G.567 

Thomson, Charles M. 390 

Towner, Horace' M. 356 

Townsend, Edward W. 55 

Treadway, Allen T. 187 

Tuttle, William E., Jr. 133 

Vare, William S. 56 

Vaughan, Horace W. 289 

Velasques, H., Minister from Paraguay 22 

Volstead, Andrew J. 370 

Wallin, Samuel . 381 

Walsh, Allen B. 93 

Warren, Sen. F. E. 35 

Watkins, John T.-.. 357 

Webb, Edwin Y. 346 

White, George . 312 

Williams, W. E. 297 

Willis, Frank B. 279 

Wingo, Otis T. 376 

Witherspoon, S. A. 185 

Woodruff, Roy 0. 327 

Wickersham, James . 252 

Young, George M. 316 


V r 



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